Blockchains feem ntau yog hu ua Layer-1 lossis Layer-2 daws. Txheej-1s yog lub hauv paus txheej ntawm ib qho ecosystem xws li Ethereum, Cardano, lossis Solana. Txheej-2 cov kev daws teeb meem yog anched rau Txheej-1 blockchains thiab muab scalability.
Txheej-3s kuj muaj nyob; Txawm li cas los xij, koj tsis tuaj yeem tso lwm txheej rau saum txheej 2 txhawm rau ntxiv qhov muaj peev xwm ntxiv, Ethereum tus tsim Vitalik Buterin sau rau hauv a blog ncej Lub Cuaj Hli Ntuj. 17.
Muaj ntau qhov kev sib tw nrog stacking ob txheej zoo sib xws tsim los ntawm ib leeg, Buterin sau. Piv txwv li, kev txwv rau cov ntaub ntawv muaj thiab kev cia siab ntawm Layer-1 bandwidth rau kev tshem tawm thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov txheej txheem ntawm ob txheej.
Buterin tau hais tias rollups nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm rollups tsis tuaj yeem muab ntau dua scalability dua Layer-2 kev daws teeb meem. Rollups compress tus nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv kev lag luam xav tau khaws cia rau ntawm Txheej-1 blockchain kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem nkag mus thiab txheeb xyuas.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug yooj yim token hloov, cov ntaub ntawv yog txo los ntawm 100 mus rau 16 bytes. Rau ZK-SNARK kev lag luam uas khaws cia tsis pub lwm tus paub, cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv yog compressed ntawm 600 bytes rau 80 bytes, Buterin tau hais.
Tab sis cov ntaub ntawv tsuas yog compressed ib zaug, Buterin sau. Yog hais tias ntxiv compression yog ua tau, lub logic ntawm lub compressor thib ob tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv thawj zaug kom cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem compressed ib zaug nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo ib yam. Qhov no yog vim li cas rollups nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm rollups tsis tuaj yeem "ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig loj hauv scalability," nws sau.
Peb lub zeem muag ntawm L3 siv-cov ntaub ntawv
StarkWare, uas ua haujlwm StarkNet, ZK-rollup uas ua haujlwm raws li Layer-2 Ethereum scaling solution, tau tso tawm peb qhov kev pom sib txawv ntawm yuav ua li cas Layer-3s tuaj yeem siv. Buterin txiav txim siab tag nrho peb lub zeem muag yog "qhov tsim nyog."
Hauv thawj qhov xwm txheej, Txheej-3s tuaj yeem siv rau kev ua haujlwm xws li kev ceev ntiag tug. Lub hom phiaj yuav tsis yog muab ntxiv scalability nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no. Layer-2 yuav muab scalability rau cov ntawv thov, thiab Txheej-3 yuav ua haujlwm rau kev ua haujlwm raws li qhov xav tau rau kev siv sib txawv.
Hauv lub zeem muag thib ob, Layer-2 muaj cov hom phiaj dav dav dav dav, thiab Txheej-3 muab kev ntsuas kho raws li kev siv tshwj xeeb. Lub Txheej-3 yuav suav cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev txhais tau tias tsis yog EVM lossis rollups, nws cov ntaub ntawv compression yog optimized raws li cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb.
Nyob rau hauv peb lub zeem muag, Txheej-3s tuaj yeem muab qhov tsis muaj zog-trusted scaling los ntawm Validiums, uas siv SNARKs los txheeb xyuas kev suav. Cov ntaub ntawv muaj, ntawm no, yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg thib peb uas ntseeg siab. Buterin tau hais tias txawm hais tias Validiums muab qib kev nyab xeeb qis dua li kev sib tw, lawv "tsis tshua muaj nqi" thiab "tsis tshua muaj nqi."
Txheej-3s tuaj yeem txhim kho lub sijhawm lees paub vs tus nqi tas li kev lag luam tawm ntawm rollups
Thaum rollup kev lag luam pheej yig, rollups yuav tsum them tus nqi ruaj khov txhua zaus lawv xa cov khoom lag luam mus rau Layer-1. Rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws rollups uas khiav mus rau sab saum toj ntawm Txheej-1s, tus nqi ruaj khov tuaj yeem siab txog 21,000-Layer-1-gas ib pawg, thaum rau ZK rollups, tus nqi tuaj yeem mus txog 400,000-gas ib batch, raws li Buterin .
Yog tias rollups tos ntev dua kom xa ntau cov kev lag luam hauv ib pawg kom txo tus nqi, nws nce batch intervals. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau tos ntev heev kom tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm lawv cov kev lag luam.
Rau ZK rollup nrog lub zog ua haujlwm ntawm 5tps xa cov khoom lag luam hauv txhua qhov Ethereum thaiv (txhua 12 vib nas this), roj ib zaug yuav ncav cuag 10,368. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias lub sijhawm batch nce mus rau 1 feeb, cov roj ib qho kev sib pauv txo rau 2,368.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug ZK rollup nyob rau hauv ib tug ZK rollup, cov roj ib tug lw los mus rau 501 nrog batch intervals ntawm 12 vib nas this. Li no, Txheej-3s tuaj yeem txhim kho lub sijhawm thiab tus nqi sib pauv rau kev sib tw.
Dab tsi yog thiab tsis yog txheej?
Raws li Buterin, stacking tib scaling kev daws teeb meem nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm ib leeg tsis "ua hauj lwm zoo," uas yog vim li cas cov rollup nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm rollup qauv tsis muaj kev nkag siab. Txawm li cas los xij, nws sib cav tias peb txheej txheej txheej txheej thib ob thiab thib peb tau muab cov hom phiaj sib txawv thiab cov haujlwm tuaj yeem ua haujlwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, muaj kev sib cav tsis sib haum xeeb txog dab tsi tuaj yeem suav tias yog txheej thiab dab tsi ua tsis tau, Buterin tau hais. Nws muab nws tus kheej txhais ntawm cov khoom dab tsi ua rau Layer-2:
- “Lawv lub hom phiaj yog txhawm rau ua kom muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv
- Lawv ua raws li "blockchain nyob rau hauv ib lub blockchain" qauv: lawv muaj lawv tus kheej mechanism rau kev ua lag luam thiab lawv tus kheej lub xeev.
- Lawv tau txais kev ruaj ntseg tag nrho ntawm Ethereum saw "
Los ntawm B uterin lub ntsiab lus, kev cia siab thiab ZK rollups yog Txheej-2s, tab sis validiums, pov thawj aggregations schemes, on-chain privacy systems, thiab Solidity poob sab nraum lub ntsiab lus. Txawm hais tias qee qhov ntawm lawv tuaj yeem raug hu ua Layer-3, tsis yog txhua tus yuav tsum yog, nws tau sau.
Buterin tau hais ntxiv tias "nws zoo li ntxov ntxov los daws cov ntsiab lus thaum lub tsev tsim qauv ntawm ntau qhov kev sib tw ecosystem nyob deb ntawm cov pob zeb" thiab feem ntau ntawm Cov Txheej Txheem-3 kev sib tham tseem yog qhov theoretical.
Tab sis raws li Layer-2 scaling ecosystem matures, Buterin cia siab tias ntau sophisticated thiab yooj yim txheej txheej-3 tsim los ua lub luag hauj lwm loj.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cryptoslate.com/vitalik-buterns-reveals-layer-3s-to-have-bigger-role-as-layer-2-scaling-ecosystem-matures/