Tshwj tsis yog tias peb tau mob siab txog Kev Lag Luam Hauv Tebchaws, Tebchaws Asmeskas Cov Hluav Taws Xob Yav Tom Ntej Tsis Ua Tau

Muaj ntau tus neeg ntseeg tias tsuas yog ob peb xyoos luv luv xwb, Tebchaws Asmeskas yuav raug siv los ntawm fossil fuel-free renewable hluav taws xob. EVs yuav hloov ICE-powered tsheb, thiab cua thiab hnub ci yuav hloov cov thee thiab natural gas los tsim tag nrho cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Nws yog qhov pom kev zoo kawg nkaus.

Qhov teeb meem yog nws yog ib zaj dab neeg. Rau ib pawg ntawm cov laj thawj sib txawv, uas CO₂-free utopia tsis tsuas yog yuav tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv ob peb xyoos tom ntej no - nws tsis txawm yuav tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej.

Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis tau txhais hais tias peb yuav tsum tsis txhob nrhiav kev txo qis carbon dioxide emissions qhov twg nws ua rau kev txiav txim siab, thiab qhov twg peb tau txais lub pob loj tshaj plaws rau peb cov nyiaj. Peb muaj cov cuab yeej technology twb muaj los ua qhov ntawd. Tab sis peb tsis nyob rau hauv txoj kev xa nws nyob rau hauv ib qho kev txwv, vim hais tias cov ntaub ntawv xav tau, nrog rau cov hauv paus zoo li hlau thiab tooj liab, thiab minerals rau ntau tshaj technologies xws li lub ntiaj teb tsis tshua muaj, txhua yam yuav tsum tau mining. Kathy Graul, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Sib Tham Pej Xeem ntawm Twin Metals Minnesota LLC tau hais tias "Kev khawb av yeej kov yeej txhua yam hauv peb lub neej," said Kathy Graul, Public Relations Manager ntawm Twin Metals Minnesota LLC, uas tau ua haujlwm los pib ua haujlwm hauv av nickel- thiab tooj liab mining nyob rau sab qaum teb Minnesota txij li xyoo 2010. "Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb tiag. yog qhov xav tau cov zaub mov rau kev hloov pauv lub zog huv. " Txawm li cas los xij rau ntau tiam neeg tam sim no, Asmeskas tau (feem ntau unwittingly) tau tawm tsam mining. Qhov ntawd yuav tau hloov pauv loj heev yog tias peb ua ib lub tebchaws hnyav txog ib qho ntawm qhov no.

Pini Althaus, tus tsim thiab tus kws pab tswv yim rau Pawg Thawj Coj ntawm Tebchaws Meskas Rare Earth, uas ua haujlwm Round Top tsawg lub ntiaj teb mining lag luam hauv Texas tau hais tias "Ib feem ntawm kev txaus siab txog kev lag luam mining hauv Asmeskas yog kev cia siab rau cov teb chaws xws li Australia thiab Canada." "Nws yog lub tswv yim zoo kom muaj cov lus pom zoo, tab sis peb yuav tsum muaj kev lag luam hauv tsev."

Qhov teeb meem nrog kev mining hauv tsev yog tias nws tuaj yeem siv sijhawm tsawg kawg yog kaum xyoo kom tau txais kev ua haujlwm tshiab Asmeskas tau tso cai, thiab feem ntau ntev dua thaum cov neeg tawm tsam, txawm tias cov neeg nyob ib puag ncig lossis cov tswv cuab ntawm cov zej zog nyob ze, siv cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev tswj hwm kom lub hom phiaj ua haujlwm.

Tam sim no nws yog ib lub hnab sib xyaw ua li cas uas plays tawm. Rau Lithium Americas, uas tau ua haujlwm los pib ua haujlwm qhib lithium mining ua haujlwm ntawm Thacker Pass hauv Humboldt County, Nevada, nyob rau sab qaum teb sab hnub poob ntawm lub xeev, txhua yam tau pom zoo. Jonathan Evans, tus thawj coj ntawm lub tuam txhab tau hais tias "Peb tau siv sijhawm ntau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tso cai," said Jonathan Evans. "Lwm cov haujlwm thoob plaws lub tebchaws tau daig hauv cov txheej txheem rov hais dua rau xyoo. Peb tau coj cov neeg ua haujlwm nruab nrab sab nraud los pab kom tau txais cov khoom mus, tsim cov cai hauv av, thiab tsim kom muaj peb cov txheej txheem. Qhov ntawd tau mus zoo nrog cov zej zog hauv zos. "

Lub tuam txhab tau tsom mus rau qhov pom tseeb nrog cov neeg nyob hauv cheeb tsam. "Rau kev tso cai huab cua, piv txwv li, peb sim ua kom yooj yim qhov teeb meem, teb cov lus nug, thiab ua rau tib neeg xis nyob," Evans hais. Lawv kuj tsom ntsoov rau cov txiaj ntsig rau zej zog. "Peb tab tom saib thaj chaw ib txwm muaj thiab daws cov kev txhawj xeeb xws li tsheb khiav. Peb tab tom tham txog peb lub hom phiaj los ntiav neeg hauv zos. Peb tau saib cov tsev kawm ntawv, cov chaw zov me nyuam hnub, thiab kev kho mob xav tau zoo li kws kho hniav, thiab muaj ib tus kws kho mob tuaj ncig ib lub lis piam ib zaug uas tsis muaj ib qho ua ntej. Cov ntawd yog txhua yam peb tab tom ua ib feem ntawm peb cov phiaj xwm. "

Lithium Americas tau txais nws Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Txiav Txim Siab los ntawm Bureau of Land Management for Thacker Pass thaum ntxov xyoo tas los, thiab tab tom mus rau kev tsim kho.

Rau lwm qhov project, yam tsis zoo li rosy. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis, Biden Thawj Tswj Hwm tau tshem tawm ob daim ntawv xauj tsev uas Twin Metals thiab nws cov tuam txhab ua ntej tau tuav nyob rau sab qaum teb Minnesota rau ntau tshaj 50 xyoo. Graul hais tias "Lub Duluth Complex [qhov twg qhov kev thov Twin Metals mine yuav nyob] yog qhov chaw ntxhia loj heev," Graul hais. "Nws tuav 95% ntawm US nickel reserves. Thiab tib lub pob zeb nickel hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas uas twb muaj lawm, Eagle Mine [hauv Marquette County hauv Michigan's Upper Peninsula] tau teem sijhawm kaw rau xyoo 2025. " Txawm li cas los xij, kev tawm tsam hnyav los ntawm cov pab pawg hauv zos ua ke nrog cov koom haum ua haujlwm ib puag ncig nyob deb tau kaw qhov rooj rau qhov zoo. Nrog tooj liab thiab npib tsib xee sawv cev cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev hloov pauv lub zog huv, qhov no zoo li tsis txaus ntseeg.

Qhov kev tawm tsam tau tsom mus rau kev pheej hmoo rau thaj tsam ze ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW). Tab sis Graul tsis to taub cov kev txhawj xeeb no. "Nyob rau hauv Iron Range, muaj mining rau 130 xyoo," nws hais. "Kev lag luam tsuas yog tshwm sim hauv tib lub pas dej [raws li BWCAW] tam sim no hla ciam teb hauv Canada.

Graul hais ntxiv tias "Peb nyob hauv qhov chaw nyob ze ntawm Chaw nres nkoj Duluth, qhov chaw nres nkoj dej hiav txwv loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb," Graul hais ntxiv. "Nyob rau xyoo 2019 peb tau xa peb cov phiaj xwm mine mus rau cov tswj hwm, sawv cev rau kev nqis peev ntawm $ 500 lab. Tab sis Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Sab Hauv tau pib txoj kev tshawb fawb ob xyoos uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txwv 20 xyoo rau kev khawb av. Thaum Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2022 lawv tau rho tawm peb daim ntawv xauj tsev, uas tau muaj txij li xyoo 1966. Qhov no yog peb txoj kev tswj hwm uas tau hloov pauv. Qhov ntawd tau txwv peb qhov kev tshuaj xyuas ib puag ncig, thiab peb yuav tsum tau tso ib feem peb ntawm peb cov neeg ua haujlwm. Lub cheeb tsam no xav tau kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam. Cov thawj coj tab tom hais tawm ntawm ob sab ntawm nws lub qhov ncauj. Nws hais tias nws xav ua ntau dua nickel ua tsis tau nws tab tom noj qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv tsev tawm ntawm lub rooj. "

Graul muaj lub ntsiab lus zoo. Hauv kev txav mus zoo ib yam li nws cov yeeb yam hais txog kev tshawb nrhiav roj thiab roj, Biden cov thawj coj tab tom tham txog kev txhim kho hauv tsev thaum tib lub sijhawm tshem tawm cov nqi xauj tsev thiab nce kev tswj hwm lub nra. Thaum lub Peb Hlis lig, Biden tau hu lub zog ntawm Txoj Cai Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv (DPA) kom nrawm tsim cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv lub tebchaws thiab ntxiv lithium, cobalt, graphite, npib tsib xee thiab manganese rau hauv daim ntawv. Qhov no tau txais nws cov xov xwm zoo heev nyob rau hauv dav dav, thiab kev txhawb nqa los ntawm kev lag luam mining ib yam nkaus. "Kuv xav tias qhov no yog qhov zoo," Althaus hais txog qhov kev txav mus los. “Kuv ceev faj qhov zoo. Qhov kev txiav txim tshwj xeeb hu ua mining. Thiab tsis muaj kuv tus kheej tuaj yeem tso cai hauv Asmeskas uas tsis nruj me ntsis hauv kev tso cai dua li hauv Australia thiab Canada. "

Tab sis nyob rau hauv lies lub rub. Qhov uas Biden tau muab nrog DPA, nws tshem tawm nrog cov txheej txheem tso cai. Dhau li ntawm nws cov thawj coj kaw ntawm Twin Metals, nws kuj muaj obstructed kev loj hlob ntawm ib lub mine tooj liab hauv Arizona, kev tshawb nrhiav cov pob zeb hauv Wyoming, ib lub lithium thiab boron mine hauv Nevada (sib cais los ntawm Lithium Americas project), thiab lub mine tooj liab hauv Alaska.

Ib feem ntawm qhov teeb meem yog cov kev txwv tsis pub muaj ntawm DPA, uas poob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv (DOD). Althaus tau piav qhia tias "DOD tsis tau nruab los daws txhua yam kev tiv thaiv sab nraud," “Thiab lawv tau tuav cov zaub mov tseem ceeb. Kuv xav tias qhov kev tswj hwm yuav tsum ua yog txav cov pob zeb tseem ceeb mus rau Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg (DOE), thiab xaiv tsa Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Tebchaws los tswj lawv. "

Dab tsi yog qhov tseeb yog qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb zoo li qhov xav tau rau Asmeskas kom tau txais cov hlau thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xav tau los mus nyob qhov twg ze rau kev xa tawm ntawm peb lub hom phiaj hloov hluav taws xob. Siv lithium ua ib qho piv txwv. Evans tau hais tias "Peb muaj hmoo yog tias, ntawm Asmeskas thiab Canada, peb muaj tsib mus rau yim qhov kev teeb tsa los ntawm 2030," Evans hais. "Peb yuav tsis ua tus kheej txaus hauv tsib lossis kaum xyoo. Peb yuav tsum muaj lub hauv paus los ua tus kheej txaus nrog kev pom zoo nrog cov teb chaws zoo li lub siab. "

Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog lub xeev tam sim no. Peb tsis tsuas yog tau txais cov hlau thiab cov ntxhia los ntawm qee qhov kev tswj hwm phem tshaj plaws nyob rau ntawd, tab sis peb tau txais lawv los ntawm qee lub tebchaws uas phem tshaj plaws. "Feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no yog los ntawm Tuam Tshoj," Althaus hais. “Tib neeg tau mob nyob ib puag ncig cov mines. Qhov peb tab tom hais tam sim no yog qhov ua tau tshwm sim. Nws yuav zoo dua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg, lub luag haujlwm mining ntawm no. Peb tsis tuaj yeem muaj peb lub ncuav mog qab zib thiab noj nws thiab. "

Graul tsis tuaj yeem pom zoo ntxiv. Nws tau hais tias "Peb tau siv sijhawm kaum xyoo los qhia txog peb cov pob zeb hauv av," nws hais. "Peb tab tom ua haujlwm nrog University of Minnesota-Duluth thiab University of British Columbia ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab kev sim kom tso cai rau carbon sequestration hauv peb cov tailings. Peb lub mine yuav tsis muaj txheej txheem lossis tiv tauj cov dej tso tawm thiab tsis muaj peev xwm rau cov kua qaub pob zeb. Nws yuav muaj cov tailings qhuav-pawg thiab yuav yog carbon-nruab nrab. "

Nws ua rau tsis muaj kev nkag siab rau Amelikas los txhawb peb tus kheej ib puag ncig kev pom zoo thaum outsourcing feem coob ntawm peb cov mining mus rau qhov chaw uas tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, tseem yog qhov peb tau ua rau ntau xyoo lawm, thiab peb tseem ua nws niaj hnub no. Ib yam dab tsi yuav tsum hloov. Althaus hais tias, "Peb tuaj yeem hais lus kom txog thaum nyuj rov los tsev," "Nws yog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm."