UAE's Masdar Seeks Early Mover Advantage Hauv Kev Lag Luam Tawm Tsam Rau Green Hydrogen

Ntau xyoo dhau los thiab ib nrab xyoo, Abu Dhabi's Masdar tau tsim nws tus kheej rau hauv ib qho ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov neeg tsim khoom loj tshaj plaws ntawm cov phiaj xwm hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab. Tam sim no, raws li United Arab Emirates npaj los tuav lub rooj sib tham tom ntej UN kev nyab xeeb, COP28 thaum kawg ntawm lub xyoo, nws tau nthuav tawm mus rau hauv thaj chaw lag luam tshiab - ntsuab hydrogen.

Hydrogen tau pom tias yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom ncav cuag lub ntiaj teb net xoom lub hom phiaj. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau ntau yam kev siv, suav nrog kev tsim hluav taws xob, lub zog cia, kev thauj mus los (tshwj xeeb yog kev thauj mus los hnyav xws li thauj khoom thiab thauj khoom). Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj hluav taws xob ruaj khov (SAF), thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, nws muaj txoj hauv kev los decarbonize "nyuaj-rau-abate" kev lag luam xws li steel, aluminium thiab cement, qhov twg siv lub zog tauj dua tshiab ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem ua tau, nrog rau lwm yam kev lag luam siab carbon xws li chiv.

Dr Faye Al Hersh, tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis ntawm Masdar tau hais tias "Qee lub lag luam xav tau 'ntsuab molecules' rau decarbonise (tsis yog hluav taws xob ntsuab)" hais tias Dr Faye Al Hersh, tus kws tshaj lij thev naus laus zis ntawm Masdar, hais lus thaum Abu Dhabi Sustainability Week, uas lub tuam txhab tuav. Rau cov hlau thiab cov cement, CO2 yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem ntau lawm es tsis yog cov khoom siv ntawm lub zog siv xwb tab sis nws muaj peev xwm decarbonise ntau lawm los ntawm kev siv hydrogen hloov.

Thaum cov txheej txheem tam sim no ntawm kev tsim khoom (lub npe hu ua grey hydrogen), uas tshem tawm cov hydrogen los ntawm cov pa roj methane, muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau heev, nws muaj peev xwm tsim cov pa roj carbon tsawg, los ntawm kev ntes cov pa roj carbon thiab khaws cia (xiav hydrogen) lossis los ntawm siv hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab thiab electrolyser los tsim cov roj, uas yog hu ua ntsuab hydrogen.

Tom qab kev txhaj tshuaj ntawm peev los ntawm Taqa, Abu Dhabi lub teb chaws lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob, Mubadala Investment Company thiab ADNOC, Abu Dhabi National Oil Company, nws yog qhov haujlwm no uas Masdar vam tias yuav pab tsim.

Raws li Al Hersh, Masdar vam tias ob qho tib si xa tawm hydrogen los ntawm UAE thiab tsim cov chaw hauv lwm lub khw. Los ntawm 2030, nws npaj yuav tsim tau 1 lab tonnes ib xyoos, nrog rau nws lub hom phiaj ntawm 100GW ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab los ntawm tib hnub. Kev lag luam loj tshaj plaws rau ntsuab hydrogen yuav tsum yog Tebchaws Europe, vim tias nws txhawb nqa kev tsim cov hydrogen ntsuab ntau dua li xiav, thiab Asmeskas, vim yog kev txhawb siab rau hydrogen ntau lawm hauv tsab cai lij choj txo qis nyiaj txiag tsis ntev los no. Lub caij no, kev lag luam hauv Asia suav nrog Kaus Lim Qab Teb thiab Nyij Pooj, tab tom nrhiav kev siv ntsuab ammonia hauv chaw nres tsheb fais fab thiab kev lag luam.

Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm cov sectors, ob qho tib si aviation thiab maritime sector yog teem kom muaj raws li decarbonisation cov kev cai uas yuav ua rau kom lawv xav tau rau huv si fuels. Hydrogen tuaj yeem siv rau hauv dav hlau hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab thiab ua rau SAF, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua 'poob-hauv' roj los hloov cov roj dav hlau.

Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj ntau yam teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav tag nrho ntawm cov saw hlau, suav nrog txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los thauj hydrogen. Hauv nws daim ntawv ntshiab, hydrogen yog qhov nyuaj rau khaws cia thiab thauj. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem hloov mus rau lwm yam derivatives, piv txwv li, ua ke nrog nitrogen los ua ammonia, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua roj hauv cov chaw nres tsheb fais fab, lossis ua rau methanol, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua cov roj xa khoom. "Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tsim hydrogen nyob rau hauv daim ntawv uas tus offtaker xav siv nws vim hais tias muaj complexity nyob rau hauv reconverting rov qab mus rau hauv hydrogen," hais Al Hersh.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, vim tias kev ua lag luam tau nce siab heev, feem ntau cov haujlwm xav tau tus neeg ua haujlwm npaj them tus nqi them rau ntsuab hydrogen. Tus nqi tseem ceeb rau ntsuab hydrogen yog lub zog xav tau los tsim nws, yog li lub peev xwm pheej yig dua tshiab yog qhov tseem ceeb los ua cov haujlwm ua lag luam.

Lwm qhov teeb meem uas tseem tsis tau daws yog cov thev naus laus zis uas yuav siv rau hauv cov tshuab electrolysers. Ob lub thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb yog PEM (proton txauv membrane) thiab alkaline, nrog cov khoom oxide muaj peev xwm xaiv tau yav tom ntej tab sis tsis paub tab dua li ob. Nel Hydrogen hais tias PEM electrolysers zoo li yuav nyiam rau cov haujlwm me me thiab kev faib tawm, thaum cov khoom siv alkaline zoo li yuav raug siv rau cov haujlwm loj dua. Cov nqi ntawm electrolysers tau poob qis heev nyob rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, ua tsaug rau kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab kev lag luam ntawm nplai.

Masdar tau tshaj tawm ntau txoj haujlwm thaum ntxov, suav nrog kev koom tes nrog Fertiglobe thiab Engie los tsim 200MW ntsuab hydrogen cog hauv UAE; ib qhov project los tsim hydrogen thiab SAF nrog Siemens, TotalEnergies, airlines Etihad thiab Lufthansa, Marubeni thiab Khalifa University. Lub tuam txhab tseem tab tom tsim cov haujlwm hauv UK, Egypt thiab Azerbaijan.

Nws cov lus tshaj tawm tsis ntev los no yog kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua kom SAF siv roj los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg hauv nroog thiab cov hydrogen txuas ntxiv mus, koom nrog ADNOC, bp, Tadweer thiab Etihad Airways tshawb nrhiav kev tsim khoom hauv UAE ntawm cov roj hluav taws xob ruaj khov los ntawm cov khib nyiab hauv nroog thiab cov hydrogen txuas ntxiv.

Mohamed El Ramahi, tus thawj coj saib xyuas rau ntsuab hydrogen ntawm lub tuam txhab hais tias "Peb lub hom phiaj los txhawb peb cov hneev taw hauv cov haujlwm thiab kev lag luam uas twb muaj lawm," "Peb xav tau lub hom phiaj kev lag luam ntawm tsawg kawg 15% ntawm cov khoom siv hydrogen ntsuab. Peb ntseeg tias peb tuaj yeem txo tus nqi ntawm hydrogen los ntawm $ 4 txog $ 2 los ntawm 2030. "