LISBON, PORTUGAL - Lub Xya hli ntuj 22: TAP Air Portugal Airbus A321Neo, thawj lub davhlau siv SAF - Sustainable … [+]
Corbis ntawm Getty Dluab
Puas yog aviation sector muaj nws lub taub hau hauv huab? Tseeb tiag, cov kws tshaj lij tab tom ua haujlwm hnyav los ua kom hydrogen ua cov roj aviation ruaj khov.
Muab qhov nthuav dav ntawm cov nqi se ntau lawm thiab cov nyiaj rau cov chaw hydrogen hauv cheeb tsam, hydrogen cov khoom lag luam tau nce. Nws muaj peev xwm nyob rau hauv qhov nyuaj-rau-decarbonize industrials lossis tej yam uas tsis tuaj yeem ua hluav taws xob sai. Qhov ntawd siv rau cov dav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, nkoj, thiab cov tsheb thauj mus ntev. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob kuj tseem tuaj yeem khiav ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm hydrogen thiab natural gas.
"Peb pom cov thev naus laus zis los thiab tus nqi nqis los. Judith Judson, tus thawj coj ntawm hydrogen ntawm National Grid, hais hauv webinar uas tuav los ntawm Peb Txoj Cai Zog. "Tab sis nrog cov qhab nia se, kev lag luam tau txav mus rau qhov raug. Zoo li cua thiab hnub ci, tus nqi yuav nqes. Hauv kev ua tau raws li peb lub hom phiaj zero, hydrogen muaj lub luag haujlwm ua si. Peb lub hom phiaj yog kom pom ntsuab hydrogen tsim los ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab. Peb npaj yuav tshem tawm cov fossil fuels, tab sis peb xav ua kom muaj nqis. "
Green hydrogen-derived sustainable aviation fuels tej zaum yuav ntev ya, tab sis lub dav hlau yuav tawm hauv 15 mus rau 25 xyoo. Xav txog Delta Airlines: Louisiana-raws li DG Roj yog muab nws 385 lab nkas loos nrog 75% -85% tsawg dua lub neej ntawm lub tsev cog khoom roj emissions dua li cov pa roj dav hlau.
Ntau hom kev siv hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv ua rau cov roj hluav taws xob ruaj khov. Qhov ntawd suav nrog cov khoom pov tseg, tsiaj pov tseg, thiab cov dej phwj tuaj, uas yooj yim sib xyaw nrog cov roj dav hlau. US Department of Energy hais tias nws cov pa roj carbon hneev taw tuaj yeem yog 165% me dua li roj av-raws li dav hlau. Ib txoj kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Clean Sky 2 thiab Roj Cells & Hydrogen 2 hais tias lub dav hlau hydrogen-powered tuaj yeem npaj rau lub davhlau thaum ntxov li 2035, txawm tias 2050 yuav ua tau ntau dua rau kev ya davhlau ntev dua.
Azul Airlines, British Airways, Dav Hlau Blue, KLM, Lufthansa, Scandinavian Airlines, United Airlines, Virgin Australia, thiab Virgin Atlantic twb tau siv biofuels rau kev lag luam davhlau. Raws li rau Dav Hlau Xiav, nws yog siv cov roj aviation ruaj khov ntawm nws lub hub hauv Los Angeles International Tshav Dav Hlau. Nws ua haujlwm nrog World Energy thiab World Fuel Services
"Peb lub hom phiaj kawg yog kom ua tiav kev nyab xeeb-nruab nrab aviation los ntawm 2050. Tig lub hom phiaj no mus rau hauv kev muaj tiag yuav tsum muaj kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ntau yam tseem ceeb tshiab kev nce qib, ib qho uas yog hydrogen-powered aircraft, "hais tias Axel Krein, Executive Director ntawm Huv Ntuj 2 Kev Sib Koom Tes.
Los ntawm tshav dav hlau Hubs mus rau Hydrogen Hubs
Lub diesel tag nrho-aluminium 4-lub tog raj kheej OM 654 unit combustion engine zaum ntawm zaub ib sab … [+]
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Dhau li ntawm cov nqi se ntau lawm muab los ntawm Txoj Cai Lij Choj txo qis, Bipartisan Infrastructure Law uas tau dhau ib xyoos dhau los suav nrog txog li $ 7 nphom los tsim tsa ntawm 6 thiab 10. regional hydrogen hubs thoob plaws lub tebchaws. Lub hom phiaj yog los tsim kom muaj kev sib koom tes ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom siv hydrogen thiab cov neeg siv khoom lag luam nrog kev sib txuas hauv kev sib txuas kom nrawm rau kev siv cov dej huv huv - ib feem ntawm Tsev Dawb txoj kev npaj kom ncav cuag lub hom phiaj zero los ntawm 2050.
Piv txwv li, cov hubs xav ua kom zoo dua txhua cheeb tsam lub zog - suav nrog lawv cov peev txheej ntuj thiab lawv lub hauv paus kev lag luam. Qee thaj chaw muaj cov roj av nplua nuj, thaum lwm qhov muaj ntau lub hnub ci thiab cua zog. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tuam txhab yuav tsum tau npaj txhij los yuav cov txiaj ntsig hydrogen. Qhov tseem ceeb rau kev nrhiav: hloov cov txheej txheem qub qub thiab tsim cov kav dej tshiab.
"Kev tswj hwm ib puag ncig yog qhov tseem ceeb," Thomas Green, tus khub nrog Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Lub Zog Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology Office, tau hais thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. "Peb yuav tsum txo qis kev cuam tshuam thiab xyuas kom cov neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog thaum ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm ib puag ncig."
Niaj hnub no 99% ntawm tag nrho cov hydrogen yog tsim nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam nrog cov thee thiab natural gas, suav hais tias "grey hydrogen" uas tsis muaj dab tsi txwv CO2 emissions. Lub hom phiaj yog tsim cov hydrogen los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis - ntsuab hydrogen - thiab nthuav dav nws siv hauv kev thauj mus los thiab kev tsim hluav taws xob. Hauv nws Hydrogen Economy Outlook, Bloomberg Tshiab Zog Nyiaj Txiag hais tias nws tuaj yeem muab 24% ntawm lub ntiaj teb xav tau lub zog los ntawm 2050 thaum txiav CO2 qib los ntawm 34%.
Rau qhov tshwm sim, tus nqi ntawm ntsuab hydrogen yuav tsum poob. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Zog tau noj ib qho “Earthshot,” pib thaum Lub Rau Hli 2021. Nws nrhiav kom txo tus nqi ntawm cov dej huv huv los ntawm 80% mus rau $ 1 ib 1 kilogram hauv 1 xyoo caum. Tam sim no, hydrogen los ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab raug nqi txog $ 5 ib kilogram. Yog tias qhov kev zov me nyuam ua tiav thiab tus nqi poob, lub peev xwm tsis muaj kev cia siab: kev tsim steel, huv ammonia, lub zog cia, thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom hnyav, hais tias lub koom haum.
Muab Rocket Fuel
Lub ntiaj teb thawj qhov kev lag luam-scale hydrogen cog, muaj los ntawm Enel SpA, ua haujlwm hauv Fusina, ze … [+]
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National Grid's Judson hais tias nws cov nqi hluav taws xob yuav yog tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm cov roj hydrogen. Nws yuav pab sib npaug ntawm cov khoom siv thiab kev xav tau, muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv hluav taws xob. Nws hais tias hydrogen thiab cov roj hluav taws xob tauj dua tshiab tau los ntawm cov khoom pov tseg tuaj yeem sib xyaw, siv cov roj turbines thaum siv cov xaim thiab cov chaw nres tsheb uas twb muaj lawm.
Hydrogen tuaj yeem siv rau hauv cov roj hlwb los tsim lub zog - cov txheej txheem tshuaj uas cais hydrogen los ntawm oxygen. Tsis muaj emissions - tsuas yog dej vapor. Yuav ua li cas? Piv txwv li, lub roj teeb uas khaws cia hnub ci hluav taws xob yog khiav los ntawm electrolyzer los tsim cov pa ntshiab hydrogen. Thaum cov nqi hnub ci tau nqis los ntawm 85% dhau 10 xyoo, lub hom phiaj tam sim no yog ua tiav kev lag luam ntawm nplai rau electrolyzers.
Thaum hydrogen tuaj yeem raug txhaj ncaj qha rau hauv cov roj turbines uas twb muaj lawm lossis cov kav dej uas nqa nws, qhov sib xyaw tsuas yog 20%. Cov Intermountain Power Project hauv Utah yog hloov los ntawm cov thee cog mus rau ib lub voj voog ua ke natural gas plant, tsim ib daim ntawv ntshiab ntawm ntsuab hydrogen thiab xa mus rau Los Angeles.
Muaj 550 megawatts ntawm cov roj hlwb tau teeb tsa thoob plaws lub tebchaws, hais tias Connor Dolan, tus lwm thawj ntawm cov haujlwm sab nraud rau Fuel Cell & Hydrogen Energy Association. Cov neeg siv yog cov kws qhia ntawv tseem ceeb uas tsis tuaj yeem them tsis taus lub zog txhua lub sijhawm: cov ntaub ntawv chaw thiab tsev kho mob, rau npe ob. Microsoft
Hydrogen hubs yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua tiav kev lag luam ntawm nplai. Dolan hais tias, "Qhov no yuav pab coj tus nqi sib npaug thiab tsav kev saws me nyuam," hais tias Dolan, thaum lub rooj sib tham hauv web. "Peb yuav pom hydrogen rau kev xa tawm los ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas Peb yuav pom ntau qhov kev tsim tawm hauv tsev, thiab peb yuav muaj ntau dhau los xa khoom thoob ntiaj teb."
Cov dav hlau, tsheb ciav hlau, thiab tsheb tuaj. Honda, Hyundai, thiab Toyota tab tom tsim cov roj cell-powered tsheb, thaum FedEx Express
Lub hauv paus tau muab tso rau thiab pej xeem cov cai nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, muab lub foob pob hluav taws roj rau kev lag luam tawm hydrogen-powered.
Kuj los ntawm No Sau:
Hluav taws xob dav hlau tab tom los
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kensilverstein/2022/11/06/the-hydrogen-economy-will-soon-be-ready-for-take-off-including-planes-and-power- nroj tsuag/