Niaj hnub no, txoj kev peb sib txuas lus thiab kev sib tham nrog ib leeg hauv online tau coj kev sib txuas lus niaj hnub mus rau qhov chaw uas nws zoo li khawv koob. Tab sis kev sau cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawm technology los ntawm tus nqi - tso tseg peb tus kheej.
Nrog rau kev txhim kho hauv internet, kev ua xws li kev nyiag nkas tau dhau los ua ib txwm muaj, thiab lawv cov teebmeem feem ntau yog kev puas tsuaj.
Encryption tau nyob ib ncig ntawm ntau txhiab xyoo, tab sis tam sim no peb hloov nws mus rau peb txoj kev tsim kho thev naus laus zis. Thiab hauv kev lag luam xws li cryptocurrency, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev txhawb nqa kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis qhia npe.
Muaj ob txoj hauv kev encryption tseem ceeb - zoo ib yam thiab asymmetrical.
Tab sis ua ntej peb pib tham txog lawv, cia peb txhais qee cov ntsiab lus uas peb yuav ntsib, thiab nrhiav seb yuav ua li cas Cryptography ua haujlwm tiag tiag
Cryptography cov ntsiab lus koj yuav tsum paub
- Kev mus yuam kev. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov ntawv yooj yim rau hauv cov ntawv nyeem tsis paub.
- Kev txiav txim siab. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov ntawv nyeem tsis nkag siab rau hauv cov ntawv ib txwm.
- Tus yuam sij. Tus password lossis tus lej siv los encrypt thiab decrypt cov ntaub ntawv.
- Plaintext. Cov lus txheej txheem, tsis muaj daim ntawv ntawm encryption.
- Ciphertext. Cov lus encrypted.
Cryptography yog dab tsi?
Rov qab rau hnub no, cryptography feem ntau yog siv hauv kev ua tub rog lossis tsoomfwv cov haujlwm. Tab sis nrog kev hloov pauv thev naus laus zis tsis ntev los no, nws pom nws qhov chaw sai sai hauv feem ntau ntawm lub neej.
cryptography siv cov qauv lej nyuaj los hloov cov ntawv yooj yim rau hauv qhov tsis nkag siab txhawm rau txhawm rau zais cov lus. Hauv nws cov qauv yooj yim tshaj plaws, cryptography muaj ob kauj ruam - encryption thiab decryption.
Cov txheej txheem encryption siv ib tug cipher los encrypt cov plaintext thiab tig mus rau hauv ciphertext. Decryption, ntawm qhov tod tes, siv tib lub cipher los tig lub ciphertext rov qab rau hauv cov ntawv dawb.
Nov yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm dab tsi cov lus encrypted siv Caesar's cipher yuav zoo li:
Sd nyocx'd bokvvi wkddob.
Qhia rau kuv paub hauv cov lus yog tias koj tuaj yeem paub qhov nws hais.
Thiab thaum saib ib pliag cov ntawv nyeem yuav zoo li tsis nyeem tau, cov txheej txheem yooj yim tiag tiag thaum koj paub tias txoj kev encryption ua haujlwm li cas. Kuj tseem hu ua hloov cipher, Caesar's cipher hloov txhua tsab ntawv los ntawm ntau qhov chaw rau sab xis lossis sab laug ntawm cov tsiaj ntawv.
Yog li yog tias peb xaiv hloov los ntawm 7 qhov chaw mus rau sab xis, peb sab laug nrog cov hauv qab no:
- A = H
- B = kuv
- C = J
- D = K
- ...
- W = D
- X = E
- Y = F
- Z = G
Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom, Caesar's cipher yog qhov ncaj ncaj, uas yog vim li cas nws yog ib qho yooj yim los daws. Txhua yam koj yuav tsum tau ua yog xam cov naj npawb ntawm qhov chaw uas cov tsiaj ntawv tau hloov nrog.
Dab tsi yog symmetric encryption?
Symmetric encryption yog daim ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm kev encryption, nrog Caesar's cipher ua piv txwv zoo meej.
Nws siv ib tus yuam sij zais cia rau ob qho tib si encrypt thiab decrypt cov ntaub ntawv, uas ua rau cov txheej txheem yooj yim heev. Cov lus yog encrypted siv tus yuam sij zais cia ntawm lub computer A. Nws yog ces pauv mus rau lub computer B, uas decrypts nws siv tib tus yuam sij.
Txij li thaum ob qho tib si encryption thiab decryption txheej txheem siv tib tus yuam sij, symmetric encryption sai dua nws cov counterpart. Tias yog vim li cas nws feem ntau nyiam rau cov ntaub ntawv loj uas xav tau encryption loj - xws li databases.
Symmetric encryption feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov tsev txhab nyiaj, vim nws muaj txiaj ntsig tiv thaiv PII (Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhia Txog Tus Kheej) yam tsis muaj nqi loj ntawm cov peev txheej. Qhov no yuav pab txo qis txoj kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog kev them nyiaj kev lag luam txhua hnub.
Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm symmetric encryption suav nrog AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), 3DES (Triple Data Encryption Standard), thiab Blowfish.
Lub algorithm pom zoo los ntawm US National Institute of Standards Technology yog AES. Yog li, qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog AES-128, AES-192, thiab AES-256.
Asymmetric encryption txawv li cas?
Kuj tseem hu ua Public-Key Cryptography, asymmetric cryptography siv ntau dua ib tus yuam sij, ntawm ob hom sib txawv - pej xeem thiab ntiag tug.
Thiab kuv paub tseeb tias qhov no zoo rau cov neeg ntawm koj uas muaj lub hnab nyiaj crypto.
Raws li lawv cov npe qhia, tus yuam sij pej xeem yog tus yuam sij uas muaj rau txhua tus neeg, thaum tus yuam sij ntiag tug yog zais cia. Tsuas yog tus tswv yuav tsum paub nws.
Es tsis txhob siv ib tus yuam sij rau decrypt thiab encrypt cov ntaub ntawv, asymmetric encryption siv ob ntawm lawv. Cov lus encrypted los ntawm tus yuam sij pej xeem tsuas yog decrypted los ntawm tus yuam sij ntiag tug. Thiab ib txwm, cov lus encrypted los ntawm tus yuam sij ntiag tug tuaj yeem tsuas yog decrypted siv tus yuam sij pej xeem.
SIDENOTE. Asymmetric encryption systems feem ntau siv ntau dua li 2 tus yuam sij. Muaj cov algorithms uas siv 5 tus yuam sij, uas ua rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tag nrho cov kev daws teeb meem rau decrypt lus.
Kev siv ob tus yuam sij ua rau cov txheej txheem encryption thiab decryption nyuaj heev, thiab nws txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg nws muab. Qhov no ua rau lawv muaj qhov tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem crypto niaj hnub no, los ntawm kev qhia tsis qhia npe thiab siv tau.
Ib qho ntawm thawj qhov tseem ceeb encryption systems yog RSA (Rivest-Shamir-Adleman) thiab tau nthuav tawm thawj zaug hauv xyoo 1978. Niaj hnub no, qee qhov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev encryption asymmetric yog Diffie-Hellman thiab Digital Signature Algorithm.
Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov algorithms no yog tias qee qhov muab kev faib tawm tseem ceeb thiab tsis qhia npe, lwm tus muab kev kos npe digital, thiab lwm tus muab ob qho tib si.
Txawm li cas los xij, tseem muaj ib qho teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau kho - cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm authenticity.
Qhov no yog qhov uas daim ntawv pov thawj digital tuaj
Txhawm rau kom asymmetric encryption ua haujlwm, peb xav tau ib txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm cov lus xa mus.
Ib qho kev daws teeb meem yog los ntawm kev siv cov ntawv pov thawj digital. Daim ntawv pov thawj digital yog ib pob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas txheeb xyuas tus neeg siv thiab tus neeg rau zaub mov. Xav tias nws yog koj tus ID.
Nws muaj koj lub npe (los yog koj lub koom haum lub npe), lub npe ntawm lub koom haum uas muab daim ntawv pov thawj, koj tus email chaw nyob, koj lub teb chaws keeb kwm, thiab koj tus lej pej xeem.
Thaum ib tug neeg xa ib cov lus encrypted los ntawm ib tug ruaj ntseg channel, nws daim ntawv pov thawj digital yog cia li suav nrog. Qhov no pab txheeb xyuas ob tus neeg siv / khoom siv thiab tsim kom muaj kev sib txuas lus ruaj ntseg.
Dab tsi yog qhov txawv ntawm symmetrical thiab asymmetric encryption?
Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb nrog niaj hnub encryption systems yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev sib pauv tus yuam sij zais hauv internet. Qhov no yog vim li cas feem ntau cov tshuab siv ua ke ntawm ob qho tib si symmetric thiab asymmetric encryption.
Lub asymmetric encryption yog siv los xa cov lej xav tau los txiav txim siab symmetric encryption.
Qhov tseem ceeb, asymmetric encryption ua haujlwm raws li cov cai ntawm kev pib decrypting cov lus. Nws piav qhia yuav ua li cas qhib lub cipher yuav tsum tau decrypt cov ntaub ntawv thawj zaug.
Yog li ntawd, sim hais tias ib qho encryption zoo dua li lwm qhov yog qhov nyuaj. Tab sis ntawm no yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm 2 lub tshuab.
- Symmetric encryption siv ib tus yuam sij rau encrypt thiab decrypt cov ntaub ntawv, thaum asymmetric encryption siv ntau tus yuam sij ntawm ob hom sib txawv - pej xeem thiab ntiag tug.
- Thaum symmetric encryption yog sai dua thiab zoo tagnrho rau encrypting ntau cov ntaub ntawv, asymmetric encryption feem ntau yog siv los xa cov code xav tau los txiav txim qhov sib txawv encryption.
- Asymmetric encryption yog ib tug niaj hnub algorithm, thaum symmetric encryption tau nyob ib ncig ntawm kwv yees li 2,000 xyoo.
- Symmetric encryption yog cov txheej txheem yooj yim, thaum asymmetric encryption yog qhov nyuaj dua thiab yog li nyuaj (tab sis tsis yooj yim sua) kom tawg siv lub zog suav dawb huv.
Qhov twg muaj kev nyab xeeb dua - kev sib luag lossis asymmetric encryption?
Qhov no yog ib lo lus nug nyuaj teb.
Cov neeg feem coob ntseeg tias asymmetric encryption muaj kev nyab xeeb dua vim nws muaj ob qho tib si pej xeem thiab tus yuam sij ntiag tug. Tab sis kev sib piv lub zog thiab kev tawm tsam rau kev tawm tsam ntawm symmetric thiab asymmetric encryption tsis yog qhov yooj yim.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus.
Symmetric encryption yog siv tau zoo dua thaum sim qhia cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov neeg tsawg dua. Nws yooj yim dua rau kev siv thiab nkag siab, yog li muaj feem tsawg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raug txhais tsis raug.
Moreso, algorithms rau symmetric encryption / decryption nyiam ua haujlwm sai dua.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, asymmetric encryption ua haujlwm zoo dua ntawm pawg neeg coob (xws li hauv internet).
Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuab niaj hnub no (xws li SSL lossis TLS) siv kev sib txuas ntawm ob qho tib si symmetric thiab asymmetric encryption, nrog rau lwm cov algorithms.
Yog li ntawd, hais qhov twg ntawm ob txoj kev encryption nruj me ntsis nyob ntawm cov ntsiab lus.
kawg xav
Encryption yog ib lub ntsiab lus nyuaj, tab sis nws feem ntau npau taws rau qhov koj xav siv nws rau.
Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau hais tias "asymmetric zoo dua li symmetrical" lossis vice-versa. Thaum symmetric encryption yuav yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws haum rau qee qhov xwm txheej, hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej asymmetric encryption yuav yog qhov kev xaiv zoo dua.
Thiab thaum nws yuav zoo li yooj yim hais tias encryption yog nruj me ntsis kev txhawj xeeb ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom, qhov ntawd yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees lawm. Peb txhua tus yuav tsum muaj lub tswv yim yooj yim ntawm kev ruaj ntseg hauv internet ua haujlwm li cas. Qhov ntawd yuav pab peb tiv thaiv zoo dua tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam thiab yuav txhawb nqa tus cwj pwm lub luag haujlwm thaum nws los txog rau kev ua si hauv online.
* Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no thiab cov kev sib txuas tau muab yog rau cov ntaub ntawv dav dav nkaus xwb thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob suav nrog cov lus qhia txog nyiaj txiag lossis kev nqis peev. Peb qhia koj kom ua koj tus kheej kev tshawb fawb lossis sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej txiav txim siab txog nyiaj txiag. Thov lees paub tias peb tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm rau ib qho kev poob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv lub vev xaib no.
Tau qhov twg los: https://coindoo.com/symmetric-vs-asymmetric-encryption/