Options Trading 101: Nkag siab Hu Thiab Tso

Tus yuam sij takeaways

• Cov kev xaiv tso cai rau koj kom tau nyiaj hauv khw muag khoom txawm hais tias nws nce, nqis los yog nyob twj ywm
• Ob hom kev xaiv, hu thiab tso, tuaj yeem ua ke hauv ntau txoj hauv kev los cia siab tias yuav nce lossis txo qis hauv kev ua lag luam, txo tus nqi ntawm kev lag luam lossis txo cov kev pheej hmoo kev lag luam poses
• Kev xaiv kev lag luam tuaj yeem pheej hmoo, yog li nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev xyaum ua lag luam ntawm daim ntawv ua ntej koj siv nyiaj tiag

Cov neeg feem coob paub tias koj tuaj yeem khwv tau nyiaj hauv khw muag khoom thaum tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam nce thiab kev lag luam ua tau zoo. Tab sis li cas txog thaum lub sij hawm kev lag luam tsis paub tseeb?

Tsis yog zaum ntawm ib sab, koj tuaj yeem siv lwm txoj hauv kev kom tau nyiaj thaum lub lag luam poob. Ib qho ntawm cov tswv yim no yog kev xaiv kev lag luam. Cov kev xaiv tuaj nrog kev pheej hmoo ntau dua li kev yuav thiab tuav cov khoom lag luam, tab sis qhov no tuaj yeem txo qis nrog kev npaj kom raug. Zoo dua, koj cov nyiaj rov qab tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua li qhov txaus siab rau cov khoom lag luam.

Nov yog yuav ua li cas los nqis peev hauv kev xaiv, thiab Q.ai tuaj yeem pab koj ua lag luam li cas feem ntau.

Qhov kev xaiv yog dab tsi?

An xaiv yog ib txoj cai, tsis yog lub luag haujlwm, yuav lossis muag cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm tus nqi tsim ua ntej hnub tshwj xeeb. Cov kev xaiv tuaj nyob rau hauv ob ntau yam, nrog rau kev hu thiab tso. Cov ntsiab lus koom nrog yog qhov yooj yim, tab sis kev taug qab ntawm qhov twg yog qhov twg thiab thaum twg txhua tus yuav tsum tau siv tuaj yeem nyuaj.

Yog tias koj xav hla tag nrho cov kev puas siab ntsws gymnastics koom nrog hauv kev xaiv kev lag luam, koj tuaj yeem xaiv rau Q.ai's Short Squeeze Investment Kit. Txwv tsis pub, yog tias koj xav nkag siab txog kev xaiv ua haujlwm li cas thiaj li siv tau rau hauv koj cov ntaub ntawv, ntawm no yog qhov koj yuav tsum paub.

hu xovtooj yog dab tsi?

Kev hu yog ib hom kev xaiv cog lus uas tus neeg yuav khoom bets tias tus nqi Tshuag yuav nce. Tus neeg yuav khoom muaj txoj cai los yuav cov shares (lossis "hu rau lawv tam sim ntawd") ntawm tus nqi uas tau txiav txim siab hu ua tus nqi tawm tsam. Tus neeg yuav khoom siv tau txoj cai no yog tias lawv xaiv.

Txawm li cas los xij, tsis hais seb qhov kev xaiv tau siv los yog siv, tus neeg yuav khoom yuav tsum them tus nqi rau qhov no, uas yog hu ua tus nqi them. Qhov kev xaiv hu tsuas yog zoo mus txog rau hnub tas sij hawm. Yog hais tias nws tsis tau siv ua ntej ces, nws tsis muaj nqi rau tus tuav.

Yuav siv hu li cas?

Kev hu tuaj yeem yuav lossis muag, nyob ntawm qhov kev xaiv tus tub luam lub hom phiaj thiab kev cia siab. Feem ntau, tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm kev hu xov tooj cia siab tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv qab yuav nce siab thiab siv qhov kev hu mus kaw rau hauv tus nqi luv nqi.

Hu ntev

"Mus ntev" ntawm kev hu lossis nyob rau hauv "txoj haujlwm hu ntev" txhais tau tias koj muaj kev xaiv, lossis nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm kev hu, txoj cai los yuav cov khoom ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb.

Nov yog piv txwv. Marco xav kom muaj XYZ Tshuag, uas yog trading ntawm $ 100 ib feem. XYZ's Q3 cov nyiaj tau los tshaj tawm yog lub lim tiam tom ntej. Nws xav tias XYZ yuav dhia 20% tom qab tshaj tawm, tab sis nws luv luv ntawm cov nyiaj ntsuab vim nws tsis tau them nyiaj mus txog rau lub hlis tom ntej. Tsis xav plam tawm ntawm tus nqi nce, nws yuav qhov kev xaiv hu ntev nrog tus nqi tawm tsam ntawm $ 100 ib feem.

Marco tej zaum yuav them tus nqi ntawm $ 3 ib feem rau nws qhov kev xaiv hu. Kev xaiv cov ntawv cog lus tuaj nce ntawm 100 shares, yog li nws qhov kev xaiv hu yuav raug nqi nws $ 300. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov Tshuag txav mus rau qhov nws xav tau thiab nce 20%, nws tuaj yeem siv nws qhov kev xaiv hu thiab tau txais $ 120 Tshuag ntawm $ 100 tus nqi rho tawm tus nqi nws them. Qhov no yuav net nws $ 1,700 ($ 17 ib feem).

Nco ntsoov tias yog tias tus nqi Tshuag tsis txav mus rau txoj kev Marco xav tau thiab hloov mus rau stagnates lossis txo qis, Marco yuav tawm ntawm $ 300 nws them rau qhov kev xaiv.

Hu luv

"Mus luv" lossis nyob rau hauv "txoj haujlwm hu luv" qhia tias koj yog tus muag khoom ntawm kev hu, yog li lwm tus neeg muaj cai hu koj cov nyiaj tawm ntawm tus nqi tawm tsam kom txog thaum qhov kev xaiv tas sijhawm. Kev hu luv luv tuaj yeem yog txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau nyiaj ntawm cov khoom lag luam uas koj twb muaj lawm, txawm tias tus nqi ntawm cov khoom lag luam poob qis.

Piv txwv li, cia peb hais tias Amelia yuav 100 shares ntawm ABC Tshuag uas yog trading rau $ 50 ib feem. Txawm li cas los xij, nws nyob hauv tech kev lag luam, uas tam sim no tawm tsam. Nws xav tias nws cov shares yuav rov qab los nyob rau ob peb xyoos, tab sis nws xav kom tau nyiaj rau lawv nyob rau ib ntus. Amelia sau luv luv hu rau ABC ntawm $ 60 ib feem nrog rau hnub tas sijhawm ib xyoos txij li tam sim no. Nws ntseeg siab tias ABC yuav poob qis mus rau ib ntus, lossis tsawg kawg nws yuav tsis nce ntau xyoo tom ntej.

Thaum Amelia muag qhov hu rau ntawm nws cov Tshuag, nws yuav sau tus nqi ntawm $ 2 rau ib feem, khwv tau nws $ 200. Yog tias nws qhov kev twv ua ntej yog qhov tseeb, nws tau ua $ 200 rau qhov tseem ceeb tsis muaj dab tsi. Yog tias nws qhov kev kwv yees tsis raug, nws yuav tsum muag nws cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, vim nws yuav lawv ntawm $ 50 thiab muag lawv ntawm $ 60, nws tseem yuav ua tau $ 10 ib feem, ntxiv rau $ 200 tus nqi, yog li nws yog qhov kev yeej-yeej.

Covered vs. Uncovered Hu

Nws tsim nyog sau cia hauv qhov piv txwv saum toj no tias qhov kev xaiv hu Amelia muag tau them los ntawm nws cov shares. Qhov no yog hu ua kev hu xov tooj thiab muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua li qhov hu tsis tau.

Hloov chaw muag kev hu xov tooj ntawm cov khoom uas nws muaj, xav txog tias Amelia muag ib qho kev hu xov tooj tsis muaj kev sib koom los txhawb nws. Yog tias Amelia yog txoj cai thiab cov khoom lag luam tsis nce siab dua $ 60, nws ua $ 200 tsis muaj peev. Qhov no yog ib qho zoo kawg tus nqi rov qab.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws tsis yog, nws muaj kev pheej hmoo loj heev. ABC Tshuag tuaj yeem (theoretically) nce siab infinitely. Yog tias tus tswv ntawm Amelia txoj kev hu tau siv lawv txoj kev xaiv, nws yuav tsum tau them tus nqi dab tsi ntawm lub khw tsim los ua kom tau raws li nws txoj haujlwm. Nws qhov kev poob tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj yog tias tus nqi Tshuag nce.

Cov pib tshiab yuav tsum ua raws li kev hu xov tooj ntev, hu xov tooj lossis lwm txoj hauv kev los txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev hu tsis tau.

Dab tsi yog qhov tso?

Hauv qee txoj kev, tso yog qhov sib txawv ntawm kev hu. Tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm qhov tso cia cia siab tias tus nqi Tshuag ntawm qhov kev xaiv yuav poob qis, yog li lawv xav kaw tus nqi siab ua ntej nws ntog. Tus neeg yuav khoom ntawm qhov muab tau muag lawv cov khoom ntawm tus nqi tshwj xeeb.

Yuav siv tau li cas?

Puts feem ntau piv rau kev tuav pov hwm. Qhov no yog vim hais tias yog tias koj cov khoom lag luam tus nqi tso tsheb hlau luam thiab koj tau yuav ib qho, koj txo koj qhov poob mus rau tus nqi ntawm tus nqi them. Ntawm qhov tod tes, luv luv tso tuaj yeem siv los cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm kev yuav khoom.

Ntev tso

Ntawm no yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev xaiv tso rau hauv kev nqis tes ua. Joe yuav tib ABC Tshuag Amelia ua ntawm $ 50 ib feem. Nws kuj xav tias nws yuav poob qis, yog li nws yuav ib qho khoom siv los tiv thaiv nws cov peev. Lub tswv yim no yog hu ua kev tiv thaiv los yog kev sib yuav. Nws tus nqi tawm tsam yog $ 50, thiab nws them $ 1.50 ib feem raws li tus nqi them rau tag nrho $ 150. Qhov kev xaiv tas sij hawm nyob rau hauv rau lub hlis.

ABC stagnates ib pliag, ces poob rau $4 ib feem peb lub hlis tom qab. Joe siv nws txoj kev xaiv thiab muag nws cov khoom ntawm nws tus nqi tawm tsam ntawm $ 50. Tsuas yog nyiaj nws poob yog $150 tus nqi them. Yog tias nws xav tau, nws tuaj yeem yuav rov qab nws cov peev txheej ntawm tus nqi lag luam ntawm $ 40, ua rau nws $ 8.50 ib feem ($ 50 tawm tsam - $ 40 tus nqi sib koom - $ 1.50 tus nqi = $ 8.50 nyiaj).

Yog tias Joe tsis ncaj ncees lawm thiab ABC nce mus, nws tsis xav tau nws txoj kev xaiv thiab tawm $ 150 (ntau zoo li txoj cai tsis siv nyiaj pov hwm). Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj paub tias nws yuav tsis tawm ntau dua li yog tias tus nqi Tshuag poob qis heev.

Short tso

Tus kws sau ntawv (los yog tus neeg muag khoom) ntawm qhov luv luv xav kom tau nyiaj ntawm qhov nce ntawm tus nqi Tshuag yam tsis tau yuav cov khoom lag luam. Cia peb saib ib qho piv txwv.

Marco tus phooj ywg Grace kuj luv luv ntawm nyiaj ntsuab. Zoo li Marco, Grace xav tias XYZ Tshuag (tam sim no $ 100 ib feem) yuav nce mus tom qab Q3 cov lus tshaj tawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws xav tias $ 100 yog kim dhau rau XYZ, thiab nws xav tau ntau dua yuav nws ntawm $ 85 ib feem. Muab qhov no, nws sau luv luv ntawm $ 85 tus nqi tawm tsam thiab khwv tau $ 2.50 ib feem.

Yog tias Grace qhov kev xaiv tau siv, nws khaws tus nqi $ 2.50 rau ib feem thiab tau txais cov Tshuag ntawm tus nqi nws nyiam. Yog tias qhov kev xaiv tas sij hawm, nws khaws tus nqi them tsis tau them nyiaj.

Nco ntsoov tias luv luv tso tsis muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua kev hu luv, tab sis tsis yog ntau. Tus nqi qis tshaj plaws tuaj yeem mus yog $ 0, yog li qhov kev pheej hmoo uas tus kws sau ntawv liab qab (lossis tsis pom) muab tso rau yog tus nqi tawm tsam tag nrho ntawm cov khoom hauv qab.

Hauv kev sau ntawv luv luv, Grace qhov kev pheej hmoo yog tias nws yuav tsum them $ 8,500 rau 100 shares ntawm cov Tshuag uas nqis mus rau $ 0. Qhov no tsis zoo li tab sis ua tau, yog li nws yuav tsum suav rau qhov kev pheej hmoo thaum muag qhov kev xaiv tso.

Common hu thiab muab kev sib txuas

Kev hu xov tooj thiab tso tuaj yeem ua ke hauv ntau qhov sib txuas rau ntau lub hom phiaj peev. Nov yog ob peb lub tswv yim uas feem ntau siv los ntawm cov tub luam kev xaiv.

Bullish hu kis tau

Yog tias koj nyob nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom lag luam tshwj xeeb, koj tuaj yeem yuav hu rau tus nqi tam sim no (hais $ 100) thiab muag qhov kev hu tawm ntawm $ 110. Ob qho kev hu tas sij hawm tib lub sij hawm thiab muaj tib yam khoom hauv qab.

Cov tswv yim no txo ​​tus nqi ntawm kev xaiv hu xov tooj thiab tiv thaiv koj los ntawm kev poob. Tus nqi koj yuav tau txais los ntawm kev hu luv luv (hais tias $ 1.50 ib feem) offsets qee qhov nyiaj ntsuab uas koj yuav ua (tej zaum $ 3 ib feem). Qhov no txhais tau hais tias tag nrho kev lag luam yuav raug nqi koj $ 150 ($ 3 ntev hu - $ 1.50 tus nqi them rau luv luv = $ 1.50 x 100 shares).

Txawm hais tias qhov kev xav tau nyiaj ntsuab rau qhov kev lag luam no tsawg tsawg, cov nyiaj tau los tseem raug them ntawm $ 10 ib feem rho tawm $ 1.50 koj tawm rau kev hu, uas sib npaug $ 8.50 ib feem. Nrog kev sib kis hu, koj tsis tas yuav cov khoom lag luam kom paub txog qhov tau txais txiaj ntsig, tab sis cov txiaj ntsig tau raug capped.

Bearish muab kis

Cov tswv yim no ua haujlwm raws li kev thim rov qab rau qhov kev hu xov tooj sib kis. Thaum koj kwv yees tias cov khoom lag luam yuav poob qis, koj yuav ib qho muab nrog tus nqi ntaus nqi siab dua thiab muag qhov muab tso rau ntawm tus nqi qis dua, ob qho tib si nrog tib lub sijhawm.

Ntau yam zoo li cov tswv yim saum toj no, txoj haujlwm ntawm txoj hauv kev no yog txo tus nqi ntawm cov kev xaiv rau kev lag luam tawm ntawm kev txi ib qho txiaj ntsig zoo. Raws li nrog kev hu xov tooj sib kis, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab tshaj plaws yog cov nyiaj ntsuab tso tawm rau qhov ntev tso rho tawm tus nqi ntawm qhov luv luv. Cov txiaj ntsig siab tshaj plaws yog qhov sib txawv ntawm tus nqi tawm tsam rho tawm cov nyiaj tau los.

Tiv thaiv dab tshos

Koj tuaj yeem siv lub tswv yim tiv thaiv dab tshos yog tias koj muaj lub hauv paus kev ruaj ntseg thiab xav tiv thaiv kev poob loj thaum ua qee cov nyiaj thaum cov khoom lag luam nce. Nyob rau hauv ib tug tiv thaiv dab tshos, koj yuav ib tug tiv thaiv thiab muag ib tug luv luv hu.

Qhov muab tso pov hwm koj cov cuab tam los ntawm kev poob tus nqi dhau los ntawm tus nqi tawm tsam. Kev hu tso cai rau koj los sau tus nqi yog tias tus nqi Tshuag tsis txav los yog muag koj cov Tshuag ntawm cov nyiaj tau los ntawm tus nqi tawm tsam.

Muaj ib lub sijhawm tus nqi siv lub tsho tiv thaiv vim koj yuav poob tawm yog tias cov khoom lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig dhau los ntawm tus nqi tawm tsam ntawm koj qhov kev hu luv luv.

Ntev hlua

Yog tias kev txav loj tuaj rau koj qhov kev xaiv tab sis koj tsis paub meej tias lawv yuav nce lossis nqis, txoj hlua ntev ntev yuav yog lub tswv yim zoo los siv.

Qhov no raug nqi me ntsis vim tias koj yuav ob qho tib si ntev hu saum toj no tus nqi pauv tam sim no thiab ntev tso rau hauv qab no (ob qho tib si rau tib hnub tas sijhawm). Koj tab tom them rau ob txoj kev cog lus uas tsis muaj nqi them los ntawm daim ntawv cog lus muag los ua qhov kev txiav txim pheej yig dua.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov khoom lag luam nce siab tshaj koj qhov kev tawm tsam lossis poob qis dua koj qhov kev tawm tsam, koj tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ntev npaum li qhov nce lossis poob txaus los them tus nqi ntawm cov kev xaiv uas koj them rau.

Ntev ntev

Ib tug ntev straddle yog heev zoo li ib tug ntev strangle. Qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb yog tias es tsis txhob yuav cov kev xaiv nyiaj tawm, koj yuav ib lub sijhawm hu xov tooj ntev thiab ntev tso rau tib tus nqi tawm tsam, uas yog sib npaug ntawm tus nqi pauv tam sim no.

Nrog rau cov tswv yim no, cov kev xaiv yuav raug nqi ntau dua vim lawv nyob ntawm cov nyiaj. Txawm li cas los xij, koj kuj tsis muaj qhov nce lossis nqis rau tus nqi Tshuag mus ua kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo.

Ntawm kab hauv qab

Cov npe ntawm cov tswv yim kev xaiv no tsis nyob qhov twg ze rau qhov dav. Muaj ntau ntau qhov sib xyaw ua ke kom haum rau txhua qhov Tshuag, cov neeg ua lag luam thiab kev lag luam.

Ua ntej dhia mus rau hauv kev xaiv kev lag luam, cov pib tshiab yuav tsum qhia lawv tus kheej thiab xyaum ua lag luam ntawv. Thaum tus nqi qis ntawm cov kev xaiv kev lag luam tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, nws los ntawm theem siab dua uas yuav tsum tau tswj xyuas kom zoo.

Yog tias koj xav coj kom zoo dua ntawm kev xaiv ua lag luam yam tsis tas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thiab kev kawm, xav siv Q.ai. Siv cov kev txawj ntse txawj ntse, Q.ai pom cov cib fim zais kom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev xaiv cov tub luam thiab cov nyiaj tiv thaiv luv luv.

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