Piv txwv los ntawm Daniel Downey rau Forbes
Pentagon kev siv zog los tsim cov foob pob hluav taws tshiab thiab cov khoom tawg tau ploj mus tom qab lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Soviet Union, tab sis cov Suav tau ua ntau yam.
By Jeremy Bogaisky, Forbes Cov Neeg Ua Haujlwm
In1987, Cov kws tshawb fawb US Navy tau tshawb pom qhov tawg tshiab nrog lub peev xwm txaus ntshai. Lub npe hu ua Tuam Tshoj Lake Compound No. 20 tom qab Southern California lub hauv paus uas nws tau tsim, nws khav txog 40% ntau dua lub zog nkag mus thiab tawm tsam ntau dua li Asmeskas cov tub rog tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom tawg, uas yog thawj zaug tsim thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II.
Txawm li cas los xij, nrog lub cev qhuav dej ntawm Soviet Union, Pentagon qhov ceev ceev evaporated. Yog li ua txoj haujlwm kim ntawm kev ua kom tiav CL-20 thiab tsim riam phom siv nws.
Tuam Tshoj, txawm li cas los xij, pom lub peev xwm. Lub teb chaws tau nqis peev ntau rau hauv kev tsim cov cuaj luaj ntev nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev yuam US cov nkoj tub rog thiab cov dav hlau uas tsis muaj lub ntsej muag zoo li refueling tankers ua haujlwm ntawm qhov deb yog tias Suav rog txeeb Taiwan. Ib txhia ntawm cov riam phom no ntseeg tau hais tias yuav tsum tau propelled los ntawm ib tug version ntawm CL-20, uas Tuam Tshoj thawj fielded nyob rau hauv 2011 thiab tam sim no ua nyob rau hauv scale.
"Qhov no yog ib rooj plaub uas peb tuaj yeem raug ntaus lub taub hau nrog peb tus kheej thev naus laus zis," Bob Kavetsky, tus thawj coj ntawm Energetic Technology Center, pawg tshawb fawb tsis muaj txiaj ntsig uas ua haujlwm rau tsoomfwv, hais rau Forbes.
Kavetsky thiab lwm tus kws tshaj lij hauv kev ua kom muaj zog, thaj chaw niche ntawm kev tsim cov khoom uas mus boom, tau ceeb toom rau ntau xyoo tias Tebchaws Meskas, ntev tus thawj coj hauv ntiaj teb, tau poob txaus ntshai tom qab Tuam Tshoj. Lub Pentagon xyoo tas los tau piav qhia txog txoj kev npaj siv nyiaj $ 16 nphom hauv 15 xyoo los txhim kho thiab nthuav dav nws cov kev laus ntawm cov nroj tsuag munition, tab sis Kavetsky ceeb toom tias tsis suav nrog kev tsim cov peev txheej tsim khoom siab heev uas xav tau los tsim cov khoom tawg tshiab xws li CL-20.
Yuav ua rau qhov teeb meem loj dua, Tebchaws Asmeskas nyob ntawm Tuam Tshoj ua ib qhov chaw rau txog ib nrab ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg cov khoom xyaw hauv cov khoom tawg thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab lwm lub tebchaws muaj kev txhawj xeeb rau lwm lub kaum os. Cov neeg tawm tswv yim cia siab tias cov neeg tsim cai lij choj thiab Pentagon yuav txhawb nqa los ntawm kev tawm tsam los ntxiv cov foob pob hluav taws uas muab rau Ukraine thiab ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntau ntxiv txog Tuam Tshoj txoj kev npaj los txeeb Taiwan los ntawm kev quab yuam.
Yog tias Washington cuam tshuam hauv kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm Tuam Tshoj lub tsev turf, Asmeskas cov tub rog yuav ntsib ntau dua ntawm Suav cov foob pob hluav taws, suav nrog qee qhov muaj ntau yam zoo dua thiab muaj zog. Qhov ntawd tsuas yog ib feem ntawm kev saib xyuas ntawm CL-20 - Suav kuj tau tsim thev naus laus zis los ua kom cov hluav taws kub hnyiab tau zoo dua thiab tau tsim cov cuaj luaj loj dua li Asmeskas cov tub rog tuaj yeem coj mus rau kev sib ntaus los ntawm huab cua lossis dej hiav txwv.
"Peb tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov nkoj thiab dav hlau txaus los nqa cov foob pob hluav taws uas tsim nyog los thim rov qab qhov hluav taws xob tsis sib haum uas peb muaj nyob rau hauv thawj cov kob," said Major General Bill Hix, uas tau ua haujlwm ua tub rog tus thawj coj ntawm lub tswv yim tom qab txib cov tub rog hauv Afghanistan thiab Iraq, thiab tau sab laj rau Energetic Technology Center.
"Qhov kev daws teeb meem nkaus xwb yog cov khoom siv zog tshiab," nws hais. Qhov ntawd yuav ua rau Asmeskas tsim cov cuaj luaj me me nrog lub zog tib yam, yog li ntau dua tuaj yeem nqa los ntawm cov dav hlau thiab nkoj, nrog rau kom muaj riam phom uas tuaj yeem tua tau deb dua thiab ntim ntau dua ntawm cov punch.
Llub hli, Kavetsky tau qhia luv luv cov tswv cuab ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev, suav nrog Rep. Rob Wittman (R-Va.), tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Pawg Pabcuam Hauv Tsev, uas tau hais rau Forbes uas hais txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom tawg yuav yog "qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb" hauv daim nqi siv nyiaj tiv thaiv xyoo no.
Wittman tau hais tias nws txhawb nqa lub tswv yim ntawm kev rov kho cov cuaj luaj uas twb muaj lawm nrog CL-20 thiab tsim kom muaj lub chaw ua haujlwm siab siab rau kev ua kom muaj zog raws li tus tuav ntaub ntawv tiv thaiv. Thaum cov neeg txiav txim siab ntawm Pentagon paub txog cov teeb meem, "Kuv tsis xav tias lawv pom muaj qhov xwm txheej ceev nrog nws," Wittman tau hais. "Peb yuav ua kom muaj kev kub ntxhov nrog lawv."
Cov kws tshawb fawb Suav suav txog li peb-plaub ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb luam tawm ntawm kev ua kom muaj zog thiab hauv cov haujlwm muaj feem xyuam rau tsib xyoos dhau los, ze li xya npaug ntau npaum li Asmeskas cov kws tshawb fawb, raws li kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm Hudson Institute thiab Georgetown University. Lawv ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub ntawv uas tau txhim kho kev ua tau zoo dua CL-20, Kavetsky tau hais.
Hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas, kev loj hlob muaj zog tau stagnated raws li lub Pentagon tau tsom mus rau kev tsim riam phom kom raug ntxiv kom ua rau tuag taus ntau dua li lub zog tawg, raws li 2021 Energetics Technology Center daim ntawv qhia commissioned los ntawm Pentagon teb rau ib tug mandate los ntawm Congress. Teb Chaws Asmeskas kev siv riam phom R & D poob 45% ntawm 1989, thaum lub phab ntsa Berlin nqis los, thiab 9/11. Txij thaum ntawd los, thaum muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb tsawg hauv Iraq thiab Afghanistan tawm tsam cov neeg sib tw ua tub rog sib tw, feem ntau cov pob zeb tawg tau raug txiav nyiaj los tsim cov platform loj xws li nkoj thiab dav hlau. Feem ntau ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas ua haujlwm ntawm kev muaj zog tau raug xa mus los ntawm 2001 kev tswj hwm hauv pawg tswj hwm kom ua kom cov khoom tawg tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam kom lawv tsis txhob tawg.
Muab qhov txaus ntshai thiab txwv tsis pub siv rau pej xeem, cov khoom tawg tub rog tau yuav luag tag nrho tsim thiab tsim nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas cov chaw. Txawm hais tias cov kws tshawb fawb tub rog tau tsim qee cov khoom tawg thiab cov khoom tawg tshiab nyob rau ob peb lub xyoo dhau los, tsis muaj leej twg tau muab tso rau hauv ntau lawm. (Cov me me ntawm CL-20 tau tsim los siv rau hauv detonators, tab sis ntawm tus nqi ntau dua $ 1,000 ib phaus.) Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog yog balkanized ntawm cov R&D sib txawv ntawm cov tub rog, tsis muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm laus ua si taw tes thiab tawm suab ntawm qhov siab. theem rau kev hloov.
"Tsis muaj leej twg sawv ntxov ntawm DoD uas tsuas yog xav txog kev muaj zog," Kavetsky tau hais.
Thaum tsoomfwv tau paub txog cov teeb meem tau ntau xyoo - hauv 2012 DoD tau sawv ib lub vaj huam sib luag hu ua Critical Energetics Working Group los txo cov naj npawb ntawm cov ntsiab lus tsis ua haujlwm hauv cov khoom tawg tawg - cov neeg soj ntsuam hais tias lawv tau dhau los ntawm lwm qhov tseem ceeb. .
Tab sis tam sim no kev txhawj xeeb tau nce siab hauv Washington txog qhov txaus ntawm Asmeskas cov khoom siv riam phom tom qab pub nyiaj ntau ntawm cov cuaj luaj, phom loj thiab lwm yam foob pob hluav taws rau Ukraine, nrog rau kev tshawb fawb qhia tias Asmeskas cov tub rog tuaj yeem ua tau. khiav tawm ntawm qhov tseem ceeb cov foob pob hluav taws hauv ib lub lis piam ntawm qhov pib ntawm kev sib cav sib ceg siab hauv Taiwan Strait.
Nthaum ntxov tag nrho US explosives yog tsim los ntawm ib tug tub rog-muaj cog hauv Holston, Tennessee, uas hnub rov qab mus rau Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II thiab yog khiav los ntawm UK-based tiv thaiv tus neeg cog lus BAE Systems (2022 cov nyiaj tau los: $ 25.5 billion). Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom feem ntau yog qhov qub, Kavetsky tau hais tias, nrog cov khoom tawg tau npaj rau hauv 400-gallon vats uas zoo li lub ncuav mog qab zib mixers. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv muaj zog heev tsis tuaj yeem ua tau li ntawd, suav nrog CL-20, uas nws tau hais tias yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom me me hauv cov tshuaj reactors.
Nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau 20,000 phaus ntawm CL-20 ib xyoos nrog cov nyiaj tam sim no ntawm cov tshuaj precursor, Kavetsky tau hais tias, tab sis kev siv dav yuav xav tau 2 lab phaus hauv ib xyoos, uas nws ntseeg tias yuav siv sijhawm peb mus rau tsib xyoos los ntsuas txog. "Yog tias DoD hais tias peb xav tau ntau," nws hais tias, "kev lag luam yuav teb."
"Yog tias DoD hais tias peb xav tau ntau, kev lag luam yuav teb."
Hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 2021, ETC tau pom zoo rau Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tiv Thaiv kom tsim kom muaj chaw ua haujlwm sib koom ua ke los saib xyuas cov kev siv zog sib txawv ntawm cov kev pabcuam sib txawv, thiab muab nws txoj cai los thawb cov khoom siv zog tshiab rau hauv cov cuab yeej siv riam phom. Nws kuj tau hu rau DoD los muab kev tsim khoom ntiag tug thiab thawj lub twj tso kua mis rau kev lag luam los tsim cov khoom siv dag zog tshiab los ntawm kev muab nqi zog $ 50 lab ib xyoos hauv kev cog lus prototyping rau tsib xyoos.
Lwm cov lus pom zoo suav nrog kev tsim cov chaw tsim khoom me me ua qauv ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj uas yuav muaj peev xwm hloov pauv ntawm kev ua cov tshuaj sib txawv ua ntej rau cov khoom tawg nyob ntawm qhov xav tau, thiab yuav tsum tau ua sai dua rau ntawm ntug dej ntawm cov tshuaj tseem ceeb lossis muab lawv los ntawm cov phooj ywg, tsim ntau qhov chaw ntawm txhua tus thiab nthuav ntau lawm.
Lub Pentagon tab tom saib lwm txoj hauv kev los kaw qhov sib txawv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob nrog Tuam Tshoj, xws li kev tshawb fawb txog kev ua kom cov hluav taws xob tam sim no kub hnyiab tau zoo dua, uas yuav txuas ntxiv cov foob pob hluav taws. Nws tseem tab tom tsim cov lasers thiab microwave riam phom uas tuaj yeem zap cov cuaj luaj tawm ntawm lub ntuj, uas cog lus tias yuav pheej yig dua thiab siv tsis tau ntev npaum li lawv muaj hluav taws xob.
Hix tau hais tias nws tsis ntseeg cov thev naus laus zis uas tau cog lus tseg yuav npaj rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb xyoo kaum xyoo no, tab sis Asmeskas tuaj yeem txhawb nqa nws lub zog hluav taws xob sai nrog cov khoom tawg zoo dua thiab cov khoom tawg.
Nws tau hais tias "Kev sib koom ua ke ntawm [explosives] ua tau," nws hais. "Tab sis peb yuav tsum nqis peev rau nws."
XAV PAUB NTAU LOS RAU FORBES
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeremybogaisky/2023/03/09/in-war-with-china-us-risks-being-beaten-over-the-head-with-its-own- explosives-technology/