Sab nraud ntawm kev lag luam additive manufacturing (AM), feem ntau yuav pom lub tswv yim ntawm kev tsim kho ntxiv hu ua "tsev 3D luam ntawv" lossis "3D luam tawm kev tsim kho." Tsuas yog pom cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Google
Lub screenshot ntawm cov txiaj ntsig rau "tsev 3D luam ntawv" thiab cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam tsim los ntawm Google AdWords … [+]
Image courtesy ntawm tus sau.
Ntxiv Kev Tsim Kho Thaum Kawg Ua Nws
Qhov no yog taw qhia los ntawm ntau qhov kev txhim kho, feem ntau yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov players loj heev uas tau nkag mus rau qhov chaw. Ntau cov xov xwm uas peb pom niaj hnub no tau tsim los ntawm qee qhov kev pib me me, suav nrog ICON thiab COBOD, uas tsim kev tsim kho 3D tshuab luam ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv cov neeg siv khoom yog qee qhov loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Piv txwv li, COBOD -rov qab los ntawm $ 1.8 billion PERI Group - yog tus xa khoom rau GE, uas tsis ntev los no tau tsim lub ntiaj teb qhov loj tshaj plaws kev tsim kho vaj tse rau 3D luam pob zeb hauv paus rau cua turbines. Holcim, kwv yees li $ 28-billion cement loj hauv dej kub ua deals nrog ISIS hauv Syria, yog lwm tus neeg siv khoom COBOD. Nws siv COBOD tshuab rau 3D luam ntawv tsev thiab tsev kawm ntawv hauv teb chaws Africa los ntawm nws cov pab pawg tsis muaj txiaj ntsig 14 tsob.
Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 17, 2020, Bavaria, Weißenhorn: Cov phab ntsa tau ua hauv cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg ntawm thawj pem teb ntawm lub tsev … [+]
dpa / duab kev sib koom tes ntawm Getty Dluab
ICON cov neeg siv khoom yog qhov sib cav ntau dua. Ntxiv rau kev koom tes nrog cov neeg tsim vaj tsev me me, ICON cov koom tes tseem ceeb yog NASA thiab US Department of Defense. Rau Asmeskas Tub Rog, ICON muaj 3D luam tawm tsheb vaj tse thiab loj barracks.
Lub caij no, lwm cov tuam txhab lag luam tau nkag mus rau hauv sector, suav nrog CEMEX, lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws 5 lub tuam txhab khoom siv hauv ntiaj teb; Sika, Swiss tshuaj loj heev nrog kev lag luam peev nyiaj tam sim no ntawm $ 38 nphom; thiab Saint-Gobain, yog ib lub ntiaj teb cov khoom qub tshaj plaws thiab loj tshaj plaws kev tsim kho ntau haiv neeg nrog cov nyiaj tau los txog $ 47 billion.
Qhov twg Additive Construction Los ntawm?
Wohlers Associates, siv los ntawm ASTM International, yog 3D luam ntawv kev lag luam tus qub tshaj plaws thiab muaj kev hwm ntau lub tuam txhab sab laj. Thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2022, kev tsim kho 3D luam ntawv kws tshaj lij Stephan Mansour koom nrog Wohlers ua tus kws pab tswv yim, muab lwm qhov kos npe tias kev tsim kho ntxiv tau ua rau nws. Peb paub tias kev tsim kho 3D luam ntawv yog ntau tshaj li "tsev 3D luam ntawv," tab sis nws tuaj qhov twg? Mansour muaj qee cov lus teb.
Raws li tus kws tshaj lij, kev tsim kho ntxiv tau txais kev txhawb nqa tseem ceeb los ntawm Middle East, qhov twg United Arab Emirates tshaj tawm nws lub zeem muag 2030 thiab Saudi Arabia nthuav tawm nws. NWS project. Tus qub nrhiav ua 25 feem pua ntawm Dubai lub tsev 3D luam tawm los ntawm 2030, thaum lub sijhawm kawg txhaj tshuaj $ 500 nphom rau kev npaj thiab kev tsim kho los ntawm Public Investment Fund ntawm Saudi Arabia thiab cov tub ua lag luam thoob ntiaj teb.
"Nyob rau hauv kev teb, cov neeg cog lus dav dav tau pib siv zog los tshawb xyuas ntxiv thiab paub txog cov khoom siv ntxiv rau kev tsim kho raws li cov cuab yeej los xa cov hom phiaj xav tau," Mansour tau hais. "Cov tuam txhab sau ntawv thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj av gulf suav nrog BAM Infra, BESIX, Freyssinet, Vinci, ACCIONA, thiab Consolidated Contractors Company. European kev nce qib thiab kev ua tiav hauv cov khoom siv ntxiv rau kev tsim kho rau xyoo dhau los yog qhov tshwm sim ncaj qha ntawm cov tuam txhab tau hais dhau los. Raws li nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws Europe thiab ua hauj lwm nyob rau hauv kev koom tes nrog ntau yam khoom siv, kev koom tes, thiab kev tsim kho 3D luam ntawv startups, lawv saib kom paub additive rau kev tsim kho raws li ib tug cuab tam nyob rau hauv sector. "
Qhov no tau raug txhawb ntxiv los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qhov cuam tshuam ntawm kev sib kis thiab qhov cuam tshuam tsis zoo uas cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub tau muaj rau peb cov ecosystem. Raws li Mansour, cov teeb meem xws li cov saw hlau sib txawv, txo cov neeg ua haujlwm, kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev tsim kho, nce cov nqi khoom, thiab cov neeg siv khoom muaj txiaj ntsig "yuav thawb lub AEC sector kom rov xav txog qhov xwm txheej thiab txav mus rau kev ntxiv rau kev tsim kho."
Tom ntej no Dab tsi yog Kev Tsim Kho 3D Printing?
Raws li qhov no nce kev saws me nyuam, muaj ob qhov tseem ceeb uas sawv cev rau theem tom ntej ntawm kev txhim kho rau kev tsim kho ntxiv, raws li Mansour: txhim kho thev naus laus zis thiab ua kom nws ruaj khov dua. Hauv thawj cheeb tsam, peb yuav pom cov yam ntxwv zoo li kev soj ntsuam kev luam tawm los ntawm kev siv cov sensors thiab cov txuj ci dag siv los txhim kho kev luam ntawv zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem commissioning thiab decommissioning rau 3D tshuab luam ntawv, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau ntawm qhov chaw luam ntawv, yuav ua kom zoo dua.
Raws li kev sustainability, peb twb paub lawm hais tias, yog hais tias cov cement kev lag luam yog ib lub teb chaws, nws yuav yog tus thib peb loj tshaj plaws emitter ntawm carbon dioxide nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tom qab Tuam Tshoj thiab lub US Mansour tej yaam num txo kev cia siab rau cov khoom no nyob rau hauv txaus siab. metakaolin, adobe, limestone, recycled siv pov tseg, mine tailings, shales, thiab lwm yam. Ib yam li ntawd, cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yuav raug tshawb nrhiav, suav nrog hemp thiab hemp rebar, graphene, embedded fiber, thiab iav aggregates.
Tau kawg, kev tsim kho ntxiv tsis yog siv rau 3D luam ntawv pob zeb vaj tsev nkaus xwb, lossis nws yuav nyob rau yav tom ntej. Mansour tau taw qhia ntau daim ntawv thov tshaj li qhov tau hais hauv cov xov xwm tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, xws li cov khoom muag digital los cuam tshuam nrog tus nqi nyiaj siv ua haujlwm, lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, thiab kev xa khoom; optimizing qhov chaw thiab 3D luam ntawv spares rau cov laus siv khoom siv; ntau txoj kev ruaj ntseg rau kev tsim facades, cladding, thiab cov khoom sib txuas; thiab siv txoj hauv kev los ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab xws li cov yas thiab cov khib nyiab ntoo rau 3D luam ntawv rooj tog thiab khoom siv.
Additive Construction Standards
Tsiv mus tom ntej, qhov teeb meem loj tshaj plaws rau kev lag luam yuav tsis yog kev siv tshuab hauv cov xwm txheej tab sis cuam tshuam nrog cov qauv hauv kev tsim kho ntxiv.
“Tsis muaj dab tsi hauv kev tsim kho tshwm sim yam tsis muaj qauv. Tsis muaj 'rov ua dua' hauv kev tsim kho; tus qauv yuav tsum tau tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tiv taus qhov kev sim ntawm lub sijhawm thiab cov ntsiab lus. Kev tsim kho kev lag luam tsis cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov txheej txheem tshiab thiab thev naus laus zis tab sis yuav tsum tau lees paub tias cov qauv tsim 'luam tawm' muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau raws li, lossis tshaj, cov kev cai. Qhov no yog qhov uas cov qauv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb, "Mansour tau hais. "Cov qauv ua rau muaj kev lees paub ntau thiab kev lees paub, uas txhawb kev tsim kev lag luam kev sib tw noj qab haus huv, uas txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem, thiab ua kom muaj kev sib tw nqi."
Vim li no, Mansour tau coj nws tus kheej los tsim ib pawg neeg los daws qhov teeb meem hauv lub Peb Hlis 2021. Dab tsi tuaj los ua pawg tswj hwm ISO/TC 261/JG 80 tau kos cov qauv qauv, ISO / ASTM 52939 Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo, tau teem caij mus rau qhov kev tshuaj xyuas thib ob thiab cov txheej txheem tawm tswv yim ua ntej tshaj tawm los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2022.
"Qhov no yog raws sijhawm, raws li nws ua rau ntau lub tseem fwv coj cov thawj coj xws li European Commission tsis ntev los no ntawm Lub Peb Hlis 30.th, 2022 qhov twg Additive rau Kev Tsim Kho tau hais meej meej thiab qhov twg European Committee for Standardization (CEN thiab CENELEC) tau txais kev pom zoo ntawm ISO / ASTM 52939 raws li CEN ISO / ASTM tus qauv ib zaug luam tawm, "Mansour sau tseg.
Raws li peb tau pom nrog lwm cov qauv 3D luam ntawv, qhov no tsuas yog qhov pib ntawm qhov yuav ua haujlwm ntev, ua haujlwm hnyav uas yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev thawb lub lag luam mus tom ntej. Nrog rau txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb no tau ua tiav, lwm yam kev siv zog tsim nyog rau kev nce qib ntawm kev tsim kho ntxiv yuav yog kev kawm txuas ntxiv ntawm cov kws tshaj lij kev lag luam. Hauv qhov no, Wohlers Associates, siv los ntawm ASTM International, yuav qhia thiab txhawb kev tsim kho thoob ntiaj teb los ntawm kev nkag siab txog qhov muaj zog thiab kev txwv ntawm 3D luam ntawv raws li lub cuab yeej. Lub koom haum muaj kev pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem, cov ntaub ntawv, kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, thiab kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov qauv kev lag luam.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelmolitch-hou/2022/06/09/has-house-3d-printing-finally-made-it/