Lavxias Su-35 lub dav hlau cuam tshuam lub dav hlau P-8A Poseidon patrol aircraft raug xa mus rau US 6th Fleet hla hiav txwv Mediterranean thaum lub Tsib Hlis 26, 2020.
US Naval Forces Europe-Africa
Rau tag nrho nws qhov kev ua txhaum loj, Lavxias teb sab huab cua muaj ntau lub dav hlau tshiab thiab muaj kev txawj ntse heev. Lawv muaj cov sensors zoo dua, riam phom thiab tiv thaiv iav ntau dua li Ukrainian cua tub rog tus kheej, tsawg dua, cov neeg tua rog ua.
Thiab tseem, Ukrainian pilots nyob rau hauv lawv cov laus, cruder dav hlau tiv thaiv Lavxias teb sab pilots mus rau ib tug standstill nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov lub lis piam ntawm Russia lub dav tsov rog nyob rau hauv Ukraine. Lawv tau ua nws los ntawm kev ya qis thiab ua nruj dua.
Russia muaj kwv yees li 200 Sukhoi Su-30SM thiab Su-35S fighters, tsis muaj hnub nyoog tshaj li ob peb xyoos, "ua tiav outclass Ukrainian airforce fighter aircraft nyob rau hauv ib tug txawj tej yam ntxiv," Justin Bronk, Nick Reynolds thiab Jack Watling los ntawm London-based Royal United Services. Lub koom haum sau ntawv hauv lawv txoj kev kawm meej of ua tsov ua rog Ukraine.
Lub Su-30 thiab Su-35 ob leeg yog cov derivatives ntawm classic, twin-engine Sukhoi Su-27, tab sis nrog kev txhim kho hluav taws xob thiab riam phom. Qhov sib txawv loj ntawm ob yog qhov Su-30 zaum ob. Lub Su-35 yog ib lub rooj zaum dav hlau.
Cov tub rog Lavxias nyob ib puag ncig tsib xyoos dhau los pib tau txais Su-30SM thiab Su-35S los hloov ntau pua lub Soviet-vintage Su-27s thiab yuav lub sijhawm rau Sukhoi txuas ntxiv tsim thiab tsim cov tshiab-thiab teeb meem-Su-57 stealth fighter.
Lavxias teb sab cua tub rog tau xa mus rau feem ntau ntawm nws cov Su-30s thiab Su-35s rau tsov rog nyob rau hauv Ukraine, staging lawv nyob rau hauv cov huab cua puag nyob rau hauv sab hnub poob Russia, Belarus thiab nyob Crimea. Thaum pib ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau lub Ob Hlis lig, Su-30 thiab Su-35 cov tub rog-nrog rau cov tub rog ya Sukhoi Su-34 cov neeg tawg rog-surged lawv lub dav hlau mus rau saum huab cua, racking li ntawm 140 sorties ib hnub twg, raws li Bronk, Reynolds thiab Watling.
"Su-35S thiab Su-30SM cov neeg tua hluav taws tau ya ntau qhov siab [kev tiv thaiv huab cua] nyob ib puag ncig 30,000 ko taw hauv kev txhawb nqa ntawm nruab nrab-siab siab Lavxias teb sab kev tawm tsam dav hlau ua haujlwm dav hauv thawj peb hnub," RUSI cov kws tshuaj ntsuam tau piav qhia.
Lawv sib tw - thiab tseem muaj ntau tshaj - Ukrainian tub rog huab cua 30-xyoo-laus Su-27s thiab MiG-29s. Lavxias teb sab dav hlau 'Vympel R-77-1 cua-rau-air missiles yog qhov tseem ceeb kom zoo dua. R-77-1 boasts active radar kev taw qhia. Tus kws tsav dav hlau luv luv tig rau nws lub radar, xaiv lub hom phiaj, tua cov cuaj luaj tom qab ntawd hloov nws lub radar thiab ua haujlwm evasive. Lub missile ces siv nws tus kheej radar sab hauv coj nws mus rau nws lub hom phiaj.
Los ntawm qhov sib txawv, Ukrainians 'laus Vympal R-27R / ER missiles yog ib nrab ua haujlwm, txhais tau tias tus tsav yuav tsum txuas ntxiv teeb lub hom phiaj thaum lub foob pob kaw nyob rau hauv. Nws tsis tuaj yeem ntsiag to. Nws tig tsis tau. Dab tsi ntxiv, R-77-1 nyob deb li 60 mais. R-27 tus kheej ntau yam feem ntau yog tawm ntawm 50 mais.
Yog li cov kws tsav dav hlau Lavxias tau raug tua ntawm Ukrainian pilots los ntawm qhov deb tshaj li Ukrainian pilots tuaj yeem tua rov qab - thiab tseem muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dua evasive maneuvers dua li Ukrainians tuaj yeem rub tawm.
Yog li ntawd, Lavxias teb sab tub rog sai sai tua ob peb Ukrainian Su-27s thiab MiG-29s. Txhua qhov poob noj tam sim ntawd ntawm Ukrainian tub rog cov khoom ua ntej ua tsov rog ntawm ib ncig ntawm 30 Su-27s thiab 50 los yog MiG-29s.
Yog lawm, cov neeg Ukrainians thaum kawg yuav hloov ntau qhov kev poob no los ntawm kev rov ua dua qub, ib zaug-flyable airframes thiab rov qab cov neeg tsav dav hlau los ntawm kev so haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau lub asthiv ntxov ntxov, nws yuav zoo li cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab yuav tsav Ukrainian cua rog mus rau kev ploj tuag.
Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog li cas nws tig tawm. Ukrainian pilots tau txais kev siv tswv yim tshiab - thiab tuav lawv tus kheej, Bronk, Reynolds thiab Watling tau sau. "Kev sib sib zog nqus radar thiab missile kev ua tau zoo piv nrog Lavxias teb sab fighters, nrog rau cov tactically outnumbered txog li 15 mus rau ob nyob rau hauv tej lub sij hawm, yuam Ukrainian pilots ya tsis tshua muaj heev sim mus sim siv av clutter thiab struts-masking kom ze txaus rau. hluav taws ua ntej yuav koom nrog. "
Ukrainian MiGs thiab Sukhois, ya ntawm tsob ntoo theem, yuav nkaug rau ntawm Lavxias teb sab Sukhois, sib xyaw nrog cov toj roob hauv pes ua ntej - thaum lub sijhawm kawg - popping mus tua lawv cov cuaj luaj. "Kev txhoj puab heev Ukrainian tactics thiab kev siv zoo ntawm cov av qis hauv thawj hnub ntawm kev ntxeem tau ua rau ntau qhov kev thov thiab ntau yam yuav tua tawm tsam Lavxias teb sab aircraft, txawm hais tias Ukrainian fighters feem ntau raug tua los yog puas nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem," cov kws tshuaj ntsuam ntxiv.
Ukrainian pilots downed txaus tus neeg tsav nkoj Lavxias los ua rau lub Kremlin. "Tom qab peb hnub ntawm kev sib ntaus sib tua nyob rau hauv uas ob tog poob lub dav hlau, muaj ib qho tseem ceeb nres nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab kev tawm tsam thiab fighter sorties venturing tob qab Ukrainian kab, uas kav ntev li ob peb hnub," Bronk, Reynolds thiab Watling piav.
Tom qab ntawd, cov Russians hloov lawv cov tactics. Attack pilots ya tsawg kawg nkaus, ib yam li cov neeg ua haujlwm Ukrainian tau ua. Fighter pilots ua huab cua-rau-air patrols lub caij no ya ntau dua thiab nyob rau sab Russia ntawm lub hauv ntej kab.
Qhov ntawd tau ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo tso cov huab cua zoo tshaj plaws patrols dhau deb ntawm sab xub ntiag mus cuam tshuam Ukrainian dav hlau. Nws tsis yog vim li cas, los ntawm lub caij ntuj sov no, cov tub rog Lavxias teb sab hnyav hnyav rau nws 90 lossis ntau dua. Mikoyan MiG-31BM interceptors rau kev sib ntaus sib tua huab cua patrols. MiG-31's Vympel R-37M missile tuaj yeem tua lub hom phiaj kom deb li deb 200 mais deb.
"Qhov ntev ntawm R-37M, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm siab heev thiab kev ua haujlwm siab ntawm MiG-31BM kuj tso cai rau nws txoj kev ywj pheej tseem ceeb los ua phem rau Ukrainian dav hlau ze ntawm cov kab pem hauv ntej los ntawm sab nraud ntawm Ukrainian tiv thaiv," RUSI pab neeg sau.
Nws tau hais tias, ntawm 60 lub dav hlau ruaj khov rau Russians tau poob hauv tsov rog, tsuas yog ib qho yog MiG-31 - thiab nws tau tsoo. Tab sis R-37M tsis yog qhov tsis muaj tseeb, thiab tsis yog txhua lub foob pob hluav taws. MiG-31s tau los ntshav Ukrainian tub rog, tab sis - txog tam sim no - tsis tuag.
Ukrainian tub rog huab cua txij li Lub Ob Hlis tau sau tawm 51 lub dav hlau ruaj khov. Raws li txoj cai, Ukraine qhov kev poob yog ntau steeper tshaj Russia. Tab sis Ukrainian tub rog tseem tab tom ya thiab sib ntaus sib tua - ua rau muaj kev ua phem thiab kev muaj tswv yim dab tsi nws tsis muaj cov lej thiab cov thev naus laus zis siab.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/11/12/fly-low-get-aggressive-how-ukrainian-pilots-fought-the-russian-air-force-to-a- sawv ntsug /