Piv txwv ntawm fusion reactor.
txais
Fusion lub zog xav tau ntau dua li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion ua ntej nws tuaj yeem pab lub ntiaj teb tsim cov pa roj carbon-tsis muaj zog txaus. Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws Meskas tau txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho rau cov txheej txheem thev naus laus zis thiab cov txheej txheem los pab kom fusion.
Ob tug DOE cov neeg ua haujlwm tau hu tsib ntawm cov xovxwm xovxwm hauv a Webinar Hnub Thursday tuav los ntawm National Academies of Science, Engineering thiab Tshuaj (NASEM). Ntau dua yog them rau hauv 2021 NASEM daim ntawv qhia uas yaum kom txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm fusion-enabling tech:
"Txawm hais tias qhov no feem ntau raug tso tseg rau yav tom ntej, lub hom phiaj ntawm kev lag luam fusion zog nyob rau hauv ob peb lub xyoo tom ntej no raws li US cov tswv yim txaus siab xav tau kom ceev nrooj tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov khoom siv, cov khoom siv, thiab fusion nuclear technologies."
Tsib qhov tseem ceeb rau hnub Thursday suav nrog:
1 Fusion-Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj
Lub plasma qhov twg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua tau kub dua lub hnub. Lub zog sib nqus los yog inertia tuaj yeem txwv cov ntshav, buffering los ntawm cov phab ntsa reactor thiab cov khoom, tab sis fusion reactors txawm li cas los xij yuav xav tau cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj peev xwm tswj tau huab cua kub thiab foob pob hluav taws los ntawm neutrons poob thaum hydrogen isotopes hloov mus rau helium.
Txhawm rau kuaj cov khoom muaj peev xwm, cov kws tshawb fawb yuav tsum tsim cov xwm txheej zoo ib yam li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion.
Scott Hsu, DOE tus thawj coj fusion coordinator hais tias "Muaj qhov xav tau txaus ntshai heev rau qhov fusion-prototypic neutron qhov chaw tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv, uas tuaj yeem siv sijhawm ntau xyoo ntawm kev raug mob," said Scott Hsu, DOE tus thawj coj fusion coordinator. Txawm hais tias qhov chaw neutron nyob rau hauv txoj kev loj hlob, nws hais ntxiv, kev kawm tshuab thiab kev sim cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem pab nqa cov ntaub ntawv sib tw.
Kuj tseem muaj peev xwm zam cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho los ntawm kev siv "kev hloov pauv thawj phab ntsa thiab daim pam tiag tiag, qhov uas koj yuav tsis muaj cov khoom siv uas cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav, thiab yuav luag cuam tshuam cov teeb meem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv," Hsu hais. "Thiab peb yuav tsum khaws cov tswv yim ntawm lub rooj."
2 Ib Tritium Breeder
Feem ntau fusion-reactor tsim siv ob isotopes ntawm hydrogen-deuterium (2H) thiab Tritium (3H) — roj.
"Yog tias peb yuav siv lub voj voog deuterium-tritium roj, peb yuav tsum tau rho tawm cov cua sov thiab yug tritium," said Richard Hawryluk, tus kws pab tswv yim laus ntawm DOE Office of Science thiab tus thawj coj ntawm 2021 NASEM daim ntawv tshaj tawm .
"Ib qho kev sib tw tshwj xeeb yog qhov xav tau kom muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo kaw lub voj voog roj," uas daim ntawv tshaj tawm hais tias, "uas rau deuterium-tritium fusion tsim suav nrog kev tsim cov pam vov kom yug me nyuam thiab rho tawm tritium, nrog rau kev ua kom muaj zog, qaug zog, kaw, extracting, thiab cais tritium nyob rau hauv ntau qhov tseem ceeb. "
3 Ib qho Exhaust System
Qee qhov hluav taws kub tsis txaus ntseeg uas tsim tawm hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv fusion yuav raug siv los tsim lub zog, tab sis ua ntej nws yuav tsum tau tswj hwm, thiab koj tus qauv chav ua noj kiv cua yuav tsis ua.
"Ib txoj haujlwm tshawb fawb tag nrho yuav xav tau cov chaw sim ua ib puag ncig zoo ib yam li lub tshuab hluav taws xob fusion los ntsuas cov reactor-tseem ceeb ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tuav hauv fusion neutron ib puag ncig," NASEM tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais.
4 Ntau Cov Lasers Ua Tau Zoo
DOE's National Ignition Facility (NIF) ua kev zoo siab rau qhov kev ua tiav ntev hauv lub Kaum Ob Hlis thaum nws ua rau muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke uas tso tawm ntau lub zog (3.15 megajoules) dua li cov kab teeb ntawm lub laser uas ignited nws (2.05 megajoules). Tab sis nws siv 300 megajoules los ua lub zog laser.
Thaum kawg, xws li lasers yuav siv zog, tom qab lawv pib, los ntawm hluav taws xob los ntawm fusion reactor. Tab sis ntau npaum lasers txhais tau hais tias ntau npaum reactors, tawm ntau zog rau tus neeg siv los yog daim phiaj.
5 Rov ua dua
Nws tsis txaus rau lub laser kom ua tau zoo. Nws kuj yuav tsum ua haujlwm tsawg dua li musket thiab ntau dua li rab phom tshuab.
"Qhov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm NIF," Hawryluk tau hais tias, "Peb tau mus txog qhov ntawd los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj ob peb zaug hauv ib xyoos. Koj yuav tsum muaj peev xwm mus txog qhov chaw uas koj tab tom ua ob peb txhaj tshuaj ib ob, lossis txhaj tshuaj ib ob, yog li nws yog tus nqi rov ua dua, ib yam nkaus, uas peb yuav tsum paub. "
Qhov ntawd ua rau kom tus nqi rov ua dua rau txhua kauj ruam hauv cov txheej txheem, pib nrog cov roj capsule. Raws li phau ntawv xov xwm Science, "Ib lab tshuaj ntsiav ib hnub yuav tsum tau ua, ntim, tso, tawg, thiab tshem tawm - qhov kev sib tw loj loj."
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.forbes.com/sites/jeffmcmahon/2023/02/20/top-5-side-hustles-for-the-fusion-industry/