Tus nqi tooj liab yog Imperiling Electrification Thiab Decarbonization

Tooj liab yog qhov txuas txuas rau tam sim no thiab yav tom ntej. Nws tseem yog lub ntiaj teb kev lag luam 'kawg khiav tawm. Kev loj hlob ntawm cov khoom lag luam-xav tau qhov sib txawv rau tooj liab yog nce volatility hauv kev lag luam mus rau lub ntsiab lus uas cov neeg yuav khoom yog nrhiav kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntev ntev vim muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv txog nws qhov muaj. Tus nqi tooj liab tau nce siab txij li thaum lawv tsoo ib qho low point nyob rau lub Peb Hlis 2020 as COVID hit. Tus nqi tooj liab tsawg (58% poob ntawm 2010 txog 2016) pab txhawb thiab txhawb nqa kev nqis peev thiab kev tshawb fawb hauv cov khoom siv dua tshiab, tab sis lawv kuj txo cov kev txhawb siab rau ntau lub tuam txhab tooj liab, suav nrog Broken Hill Proprietary, Freeport-McMoran, Glencore, thiab Southern Copper, kom nce qib ntau lawm. Cov nqi tooj liab siab tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub siv hluav taws xob, suav nrog kev thauj mus los, thiab cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, xws li cov khoom siv txuas ntxiv dua tshiab.

Yog tias qhov no yog lwm yam khoom lag luam yuav tsis muaj qhov paub tsis meej. Qhov kev xav tau thoob ntiaj teb poob qis ua rau muaj kev nqis peev hauv kev tsim khoom, yog li thaum qhov kev thov rov qab los ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tsis muaj teeb meem los tswj cov kev txiav txim tshiab, ua rau tus nqi siab dua. Rau tooj liab, nws tsis yooj yim heev.

Muaj ob qhov teeb meem. Ua ntej, tau nce peev hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv hluavtaws rau cov tooj liab uas yuav tsum pab kom ruaj khov rau cov nqi txawm tias lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm hluavtaws tooj liab tseem tsawg tshaj qhov xav tau. Qhov thib ob, kev tsim tooj liab yog qhov sib piv yooj yim rau kev nce thiab tau ua tiav, nrog rau kev cuam tshuam me ntsis ntawm tus nqi. Qhov tseeb yog vim li cas tooj liab yog tua nyob rau hauv tus nqi yuav distilled mus rau ib qho tseem ceeb point: tooj liab yog ncaj qha mus txuas nrog lub zog infrastructure thiab lub zog yav tom ntej.

Raws li peb yuav tsum paub los ntawm cov tsev kawm ntawv qib siab physics thiab chemistry, tooj liab yog qhov ua tau zoo kawg ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob, ua rau nws tseem ceeb heev rau yuav luag txhua qhov kev tsim kho vaj tse lossis khoom siv hluav taws xob los ntawm cables mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob mus rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Nws yog siv thoob plaws kev lag luam hauv txhua yam ntawm tsheb mus rau aircraft mus rau computers. Qhov no kev siv tsis sib xws tau pab txhawb nqa thiab xav tau. Hauv 30 xyoo dhau los, tooj liab ntau lawm tau nce los ntawm 124%. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yog tsawg dua ib nrab ntawm tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom nce ntawm cov khoom sib tw aluminium thiab hlau, tag nrho. 256% thiab 257% ntsig txog.

Cov nqi hluav taws xob nce ntxiv tau ua rau lub zog siv tooj liab siv zog thiab ua kom zoo dua kev lag luam nyuaj. Kev nce nqi roj av thiab roj av tau nce tooj liab tus nqi ntawm kev tsim khoom. Ntxiv cov teeb meem nyuaj, tib yam kev nce nqi hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev xav tau tooj liab ntau ntxiv vim lwm txoj kev siv hluav taws xob xws li cua, hnub ci thiab hluav taws xob tsheb tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb. Qhov kev xav tau no nce ntxiv los ntawm kev sib tw txawv teb chaws los ntawm kev lag luam tawm tshiab, ob qho tib si rau kev tsim kho hluav taws xob, kev siv nyiaj ntau ntxiv rau cov tsheb, dav hlau, thiab cov khoom siv, thiab kev loj hlob ntawm txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob.

Ib tus neeg tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tooj liab ua rau muaj kev xav tau yog Tuam Tshoj. Nws noj 40-50% ntawm cov tshiab mined tooj liab txhua xyoo, txawm tias thaum cov khoom nce ntxiv, thiab yog lub tsev ntawm tooj liab loj xws li Jiangxi tooj liab thiab Zijin Mining Group uas ua haujlwm thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Tuam Tshoj txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nws txoj kev rov qab los tom qab kis thoob qhov txhia chaw, cuam tshuam nrog cov nqi tooj liab tam sim no ntsuas los ntawm "Li Keqiang Index". Kev lag luam hlau xws li txhuas thiab tooj liab feem ntau zoo li qhia qhov muaj kev sib raug zoo nrog Li Keqiang Index uas ntsuas kev loj hlob hauv Suav kev lag luam. Nrog kev xav tau kev lag luam nce ntxiv hauv Suav teb tom qab kis thoob qhov txhia chaw raws li tau pom hauv Index, tus nqi tooj liab tau hloov mus rau qhov zoo sib xws.

Tuam Tshoj tau siv tooj liab ntawm qhov ntau thiab tus nqi siab dua li cov khoom lag luam ib txwm yuav hais vim tias Tuam Tshoj pom tooj liab noj thiab kev nqis peev hauv lub zog tsim hluav taws xob raws li txoj haujlwm nom tswv thiab lwm yam ntawm Sino-Asmeskas kev sib tw. Nws tau txiav txim siab los ua tus neeg ua yeeb yam tseem ceeb hauv txhua qhov ntawm lub ntiaj teb cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab tooj liab tsuas yog lwm qhov chaw uas qhov no tab tom ua si.

Kev nce tus nqi tooj liab yog lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm kev muaj peev xwm thiab kev nce qib ntawm decarbonization, hluav taws xob tsheb tsim, thiab ntau ntxiv. Tom qab kev txom nyem ntawm kev nce nyiaj txiag thiab kev sib kis thoob ntiaj teb-era logistical bottlenecks tau cuam tshuam tag nrho, cov nqi tooj liab tuaj yeem pom qhov txo qis hauv qhov tsis hloov pauv thiab rov qab mus rau qib ruaj khov dua. Tab sis tsis txhob yuam kev, lub sij hawm ntawm ib txwm pheej yig tooj liab yog dhau los tshwj tsis yog cov kauj ruam tau ua kom muaj kev nce qib - lossis pheej yig thiab siv tau cov khoom siv tau pom. Raws li kev thov tooj liab xav tau ob 2030, kev lag luam cia siab rau cov tuam txhab kev npaj ua ke kom nce cov khoom. Environmental overregulation nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tsim yuav cia Tuam Tshoj nce nws cov thawj coj nyob rau hauv tooj liab ntau lawm.

tooj liab tau raug mined thiab siv los ntawm tib neeg txij li thaum lub hnub nyoog Bronze, thiab nws cov kev txom nyem tsis ntev los no yuav tsum nco ntsoov peb tias txawm tias cov neeg siv khoom siv high-tech tom qab kev lag luam yuav tsum muaj cov khoom lag luam ruaj khov uas muaj kev sib cuam tshuam hauv txoj hauv kev uas peb tsis tshua xav txog. Cov thawj coj ntawm Biden thiab EU yuav tsum ua txhua yam los txhawb kev tsim khoom hauv teb chaws thiab phooj ywg ntawm cov tooj liab kom ruaj khov thiab tus nqi qis. Yog hais tias ib puag ncig tiv thaiv tooj liab mining nyob rau hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab Sab Hnub Poob, lawv tab tom tuav lub tswv yim tiv thaiv tus kheej uas yuav tsis tsuas yog muab Tuam Tshoj cov cuab yeej xav tau los txiav txim rau tib neeg txoj kev siv hluav taws xob ntxiv thiab decarbonization cov tswv yim tab sis kuj qeeb thiab ua rau kev saws me nyuam ntawm ntsuab technologies nyob txhua qhov chaw. Embracing lub luag hauj lwm tooj liab ntau lawm yog tus nqi me me los them rau hluav taws xob thiab decarbonization.