Advanced Microchip Production Relies ntawm Taiwan

Semiconductor fabrication nteg lub hauv paus rau microchip ntau lawm thiab yog li ntawd pab ua kom peb lub ntiaj teb no mus nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev, raws li chips tsis tau tsuas yog lub hwj chim computers, smartphones thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj yog ib tug tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam tsheb, tswj cov cuab yeej kho mob thiab khaws cia. network infrastructures khiav.

Cov ntaub ntawv luam tawm los ntawm Boston Consulting Group qhia tau hais tias yuav ua li cas concentrated nyob rau hauv ib zaug qhov chaw ntawm zus tau tej cov semiconductor slices - thiaj li hu ua wafers - rau lub siab tshaj plaws hom ntawm xam thiab ua chips yog. Taiwan yog lub tsev rau 92% ntawm kev tsim cov logic semiconductors uas nws cov khoom muaj tsawg dua 10 nanometers (fitting ntau lub peev xwm ua rau thaj tsam me me thaum tseem ua tau sai thiab muaj zog dua).

Cov txheej txheem semiconductor me dua 10 nanometers tau pioneer hauv Taiwan thiab Kaus Lim Qab Teb. Lwm qhov chaw tsim khoom ua tsis tau raws li qhov tsim nyog hauv kev tsim cov wafer siab heev rau cov logic chips, raws li cov duab nrog cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm 2019 qhia. Txawm hais tias hom tau tsim tsuas yog 2% ntawm lub ntiaj teb semiconductor tsim muaj peev xwm xyoo ntawd, nws qhov kev sib koom yuav tsum loj hlob raws li ib feem ntawm kev hloov tshiab tsis tu ncua hauv kev lag luam thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis, piv txwv li hauv smartphones.

Nyob rau lub sijhawm muaj kev sib kis, tsis muaj kev hloov pauv ntau txog qhov chaw tsim khoom, tab sis tam sim no tsoomfwv tau pib ua. Tom qab cov chips tsis txaus tom qab Covid-19 cov khoom lag luam muaj kev kub ntxhov thiab thaj chaw tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj thiab Taiwan kuj tseem ua haujlwm siab hauv 2022, tsoomfwv Meskas thiab European Union, ob qho tib si nyob ntawm lub xeev-of-the-art microchips, tau pib. pib los tawm tsam qhov xwm txheej quo. Saib ntawm qhov loj heev thoob ntiaj teb kev tsis sib xws hauv kev tsim khoom semiconductor, txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav yog txoj hauv kev ntev kom txog thaum muaj kev hloov pauv tiag tiag. Piv txwv li, US chipmaker IntelINTC
yog tam sim no dov tawm nws thawj zaug qis dua 10 nanometer khoom, thaum Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company tau ua li ntawd hauv 2016.

Teb Chaws Asmeskas thiab EU ua si sib tw

Thaum Lub Yim Hli, Thawj Tswj Hwm Joe Biden tau kos npe rau Chips + daim nqi mus rau txoj cai, uas tau cog lus $ 52 nphom rau US chipmakers, suav nrog cov kev cai rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho raws li kev lag luam tab tom hloov mus rau cov pob me me thiab nce nrawm dua thiab cov khoom siv tau zoo dua. Nyob rau lub lim tiam no ntsib nrog cov thawj coj ntawm Canada thiab Mexico, boosting microchip ntau lawm rov qab rau hauv cov txheej txheem raws li peb lub teb chaws tab tom npaj los synchronize lawv cov khoom siv semiconductor, uas tuaj yeem suav nrog kev tsim cov chaw tsim khoom tshiab hauv Mexico. Lub sijhawm no European Union tseem tab tom ua haujlwm rau European Chips Act raws li cov txheej txheem zoo sib xws homeshoring thiab nearshoring.

Ob lub teb chaws Europe thiab Asmeskas tau siv los tuav ntau qhov chaw ntawm lub ntiaj teb semiconductor ntau lawm thiab kuj tau nrawm dua los hloov kho tshiab hauv kev lag luam. Xyoo 1995, Tebchaws Europe thiab Tebchaws Meskas tau muaj ib qho kev sib koom ua ke thoob ntiaj teb kev muaj peev xwm sib koom ntawm 36%, piv rau tsawg dua 20% hnub no. suav nrog tsuas yog loj wafer slices ntawm yim nti diameters los yog saum toj no- ib qho kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm xyoo 1990s thaum ntxov - lawv cov peev txheej tsim tau ua ke sawv ntawm ntau dua 80% thaum ntxov li xyoo 1990.

Thaum nws los txog rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem logic semiconductor ntawm 10 nanometers thiab siab dua, Tuam Tshoj yog Taiwan tus neeg sib tw loj tshaj plaws, thaum Asmeskas tseem tseem yog ib tus neeg ua si loj dua. Semiconductors siv rau nco chips muaj ib tug ruaj khov nyob rau hauv Nyiv thiab South Kauslim. Lwm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, piv txwv li diodes, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, yog cov lag luam tawg feem ntau, tab sis ib qho uas cov neeg tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom lag luam semiconductor tshaj plaws tam sim no nyob ntawm ntau.

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Charted los ntawm Statista