Lub Ethereum ecosystem yuav txuas ntxiv nws cov metamorphosis tsis tu ncua raws li qhov kev cia siab tias Shanghai hloov kho tau ze rau. Qhov tseeb preeminent ntse daim ntawv cog lus blockchain raws tu qauv txhim kho yuav qhib Ether (ETH) rho tawm los ntawm Ethereum's Beacon Chain.
Cov kev sib tshuam tau cim lub sijhawm tseem ceeb rau Ethereum network hauv 2022, nrog rau blockchain platform hloov los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm mus rau kev pom zoo-ntawm- ceg txheem ntseeg. Qhov kev hloov ntawd tau qhia cov neeg siv khoom siv tau raws li "cov miners" tshiab ntawm lub network, nrog rau ETH ua ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj xyuas lub network.
Thaum tag nrho cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cai yuav tsum tau koom nrog 32 ETH txhawm rau ua cov khoom lag luam thiab ntxiv cov blocks tshiab rau hauv lub network, qhov dav ecosystem tuaj yeem koom nrog cov nyiaj me me ntawm ETH kom tau txais ib feem ntawm cov khoom plig - zoo ib yam li cov tub lag luam uas tso peev nyiaj rau cov paj laum.
Cov uas tau kaw ETH kom dhau los ua tus neeg lees paub tsis tuaj yeem thim lawv cov koom nrog hauv Beacon Chain. Qhov kev hloov pauv no nrog kev hloov kho Shanghai, thiab yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev nce siab ntawm cov kiv cua nyob ib puag ncig qhov hloov tshiab kawg rau Ethereum network.
Kev txhim kho Shanghai nta ib txhais tes ntawm Ethereum Kev Txhim Kho Cov Lus Pom Zoo (EIPs) ntxiv rau kev ua kom cov nyiaj rho tawm. Cointelegraph tau hu rau cov tswv cuab ntawm pab pawg ConsenSys, Ethereum Foundation thiab analytics firm Nansen kom tshem tawm txhua yam ntawm lub sijhawm tseem ceeb tom ntej.
Capella x Shanghai = Shapella
Cov kev hloov tom ntej no feature ob qho tib si hloov kho tshiab sib xyaw ua ke kom suav nrog txhua qhov kev hloov kho tshiab.
Shanghai hais txog kev hloov pauv rau Ethereum cov txheej txheem ua tiav, feem ntau ua rau cov koom haum ETH tau tso rau kev tua txheej hnab nyiaj. Kev hloov kho Shanghai yuav tsum muaj kev hloov pauv ib txhij rau Beacon Chain, uas tau raug hu ua Capella.
Justin Florentine, tus neeg ua haujlwm raws tu qauv engineer rau ConsenSys 'Hyperledger-Besu, piav qhia ntxiv txog kev hloov kho ua ke ntawm kev ua tiav thiab kev pom zoo txheej txheem:
"Nws yog ob lub npe vim tias nws yog thawj zaug hloov kho ntawm Ethereum cov txheej txheem ua tiav thiab cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo, thiab tau txais kev cia siab heev vim tias nws yuav ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam ETH tshem tawm."
Nyob rau hauv Ethereum ecosystem, kev ua tiav txheej txheej hloov kho tau muaj npe tom qab lub nroog uas tau tuav Devcon cov xwm txheej, thaum qhov kev pom zoo txheej txheej hloov kho tau muaj npe tom qab hnub qub. Yog li kev txhim kho yav tom ntej lub npe yog Shapella, sib txuas Shanghai thiab Capella.
Txawm li cas los xij, muab kev tsom mus rau kev ua kom muaj feem cuam tshuam ETH tshem tawm, qhov dav dua cryptocurrency ecosystem hais txog kev txhim kho looming li Shanghai. Raws li Beiko tau piav qhia, Shanghai kaw ib tshooj tseem ceeb hauv Ethereum txoj kev hloov pauv:
"Nws yog qhov zoo dua los xav txog Shanghai li 'ua tiav kev sib koom ua ke' dua li cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov kho yav tom ntej. Peb tsis tau qhia txog kev rho tawm thaum lub Merge vim tias qhov kev txhim kho ntawd twb yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws hauv Ethereum keeb kwm. "
Shanghai nyob rau hauv ib tug nutshell
Raws li tau hais los ntawm ntau tus kws tshuaj ntsuam thiab Ethereum tsim tawm, Shanghai nta tsib EIPs. EIP-4895 yuav pab kom cov neeg siv thim tawm ntawm Ethereum staking daim ntawv cog lus, uas tau raug kaw yav dhau los.
Kev them nqi zog yuav raug xa mus rau qhov chaw nyob rho tawm ib ntus rau cov neeg siv khoom siv tau. Cov neeg siv kuj muaj qhov kev xaiv los tawm stake tag nrho, uas yuav rov qab lawv tag nrho cov validator tshuav nyiaj li cas.
Ethereum's Shanghai upgrade yuav qhib 17.6M ETH lossis tshaj $ 28 nphom. https://t.co/qt8K4Zn55y
- Cointelegraph (@Cointelegraph) Lub peb hlis ntuj 2, 2023
Validator tshuav nyiaj li cas yog maxed tawm ntawm 32 ETH, txhais tau hais tias qhov sib npaug saum toj no qhov chaw pib vim qhov khoom plig tsis ua rau tus nqi tseem ceeb lossis nce qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg siv khoom siv hauv lub network.
EIP-3651, EIP-3855, EIP-3860 thiab EIP-6049 yog lwm plaub ntsiab ntawm lub network upgrade. Matt Nelson, ConsenSys Hyperledger Besu thiab Web3 tus thawj coj khoom lag luam laus, tau hais txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm txhua qhov EIPs no.
Ethereum raws tu qauv nqi roj raws li pes tsawg units ntawm kev ua hauj lwm ib tug muaj nuj nqi yuav tsum tau ntawm lub computer nyob rau hauv lub network. Kev hloov pauv rau Ethereum cov nqi roj feem ntau hloov kho kom kho cov nqi qis dua lossis qis dua uas muaj cov txheej txheem hauv nruab nrab ua haujlwm ntau dua lossis tsawg dua li qhov xav tau. Sov coinbase (3651), PUSH0 (3855) thiab initcode hloov pauv (3860) yog ib feem ntawm cov kev kho no, raws li Nelson.
EIP-3651 hloov tus nqi ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw nyob coinbase ntawm tus neeg lees paub uas xa thiab ua tiav kev lag luam. Validators tau txais cov nqi rau lawv qhov chaw nyob coinbase rau kev tswj lub network. Raws li Nelson tau sau tseg, EIP-3651 zoo li txo tus nqi roj ntawm kev nkag mus rau qhov chaw nyob coinbase kom cov neeg siv xa cov kev hloov pauv tuaj yeem them cov neeg siv khoom ncaj qha hauv cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb:
"Txawm li cas los xij, EIP no kho qhov kev saib xyuas yav dhau los ntawm tus nqi kom nkag mus rau qhov chaw nyob ntawm coinbase thiab muab qee qhov txiaj ntsig ntxiv rau cov neeg siv thiab cov tsim tawm uas qhib cov ntaub ntawv siv tshiab."
EIP-3860 yuav muaj qhov zoo sib xws. Cov neeg tsim tawm xa initcode rau lub network thaum siv daim ntawv cog lus ntse tshiab. Thaum lub initcode raug ua tiav, daim ntawv cog lus ntse "bytecode" yog tsim los ntawm cov saw hlau, khiav txhua zaus hu ua daim ntawv cog lus, thiab tseem khiav cov ntawv thov kev ncaj ncees (DApps).
Metering initcode npaj los kho cov nqi roj uas xav tau rau lub network nodes los ua cov txheej txheem thiab xa cov ntawv cog lus ntse tau teev tseg hauv initcode. Kev siv cov nodes tam sim no xyuas tias cov ntawv cog lus siv tau ntawm kev xa tawm, uas raug nqi sijhawm thiab roj ua kom tiav, uas initcode EIP lub hom phiaj los txhim kho raws li Nelson piav qhia:
"EIP-3860 siv tus nqi tshiab rau initcode uas ntsuas qhov sib raug rau qhov loj ntawm 'initcode' los xyuas kom meej tias kev sib cog lus tsim tau raug nqi tsim nyog."
Thaum kawg, EIP-3855 ua "kev hloov pauv ncaj nraim thiab yooj yim" rau Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) thiab cov nqi roj. Lub xeev tam sim no ntawm EVM tsis khaws tus nqi ntawm xoom ntawm kev tua cov khoom pheej yig, nrog cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum tau siv cov haujlwm "khoom kim" PUSH1 los teeb tsa tus nqi rau xoom.
Nelson tau hais tias cov nqi roj tau txuas ncaj qha rau qhov chaw cia hauv qhov piv txwv no, txhais tau tias EVM tsuas yog xav tau 1 byte los khaws ib qho xoom, thaum ntau dua 1 byte yuav tsum khaws tus lej loj dua los ntawm kev ua haujlwm PUSH1:
"Qhov kev hloov pauv no tsim PUSH0 opcode tshiab, uas yog tus nqi rau 1 byte ntawm cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia (tsawg dua PUSH1), thiab yuav ua rau cov nqi roj rau cov neeg tsim khoom (thiab cov neeg siv thaum kawg) nqis."
Beiko kuj tau rov hais dua tias Ethereum Virtual Machine cov khoom hom EIPs pib suav nrog hauv Shanghai hloov kho tau. tshem tawm ntawm qhov kev tshwm sim.
Dab tsi tshwm sim
Qhov cuam tshuam ntawm Shanghai hloov kho rau ntawm kev lag luam cryptocurrency thiab tus nqi ntawm ETH yog lwm lo lus nug tseem ceeb uas tej zaum yuav nyuaj dua los teb.
Andrew Thurman, tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm blockchain analytics platform Nansen, hais rau Cointelegraph tias qhov kev hloov kho tshiab yuav muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau cov khoom ntws thiab tus nqi ntawm ETH, vim tias kev sib koom ua ke tsim cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau Ethereum cov qauv kev lag luam:
"Ib txhia ntseeg tias kev txhim kho kev lag luam ua tiav yuav ua rau muaj kev tso nyiaj ntau dua, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev lag luam loj. Lwm tus, lub sijhawm no, ntseeg tias feem ntau ntawm cov khoom lag luam ETH koom nrog - tam sim no ntau dua 17.5 lab ETH - yuav raug rho tawm thiab muag. "
Simon Dudley, ConsenSys tus kws tshaj lij blockchain raws tu qauv, tau hais txog kev hloov pauv hauv kev tsom mus rau Shanghai kev hloov kho kom pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg siv khoom tshem tawm. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias qhov kev siv ntawm qee qhov EIPs tau hloov mus ntxiv rau lub sijhawm kom txwv tsis pub muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ncua ntxiv mus rau kev hloov kho yav tom ntej:
"Vim li no, muaj lub siab xav ntawm cov neeg tsim khoom tseem ceeb los tiv thaiv kev hloov kho Shanghai los ntawm kev nyuaj dhau."
Ob peb ntawm EIPs no tau raug thawb rov qab mus rau Cancun kev txhim kho, uas yuav ua raws Shanghai tom qab xyoo 2023. Qhov no suav nrog kev txhim kho uas yuav tsim lub hauv paus rau sharding, uas yog "Proto-Danksharding" EIP-4844.
Dudley tau sau tseg tias Shanghai txhob txwm tsis suav nrog kev sib koom ua haujlwm hauv lub hauv paus, tab sis kev ua haujlwm ntawm EIP-4844 tau txuas ntxiv mus ua ke. Nws kuj lees paub tias kev xa tawm ntawm Shanghai tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm kev sib faib hauv lub hlis tom ntej:
"Kev xa khoom hloov kho Shanghai tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau sharding vim tias nws tso tawm cov neeg tsim khoom uas tau ua haujlwm ntawm Shanghai kom tsom mus rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev hloov kho dua tshiab, hu ua 'The Surge."
Kev hloov kho Shanghai yog tau teem sijhawm los ua qhov chaw ntawm Ethereum mainnet thaum lub Plaub Hlis. Thawj hnub tau raug thawb tawm txij lub Peb Hlis 2023, nrog rau Goerli kev sim network - uas tso cai rau kev txhim kho kev sim ua ntej kev xa tawm mainnet - ua qhov kev hloov kho Shapella nyob rau lub 3 Hlis 14.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cointelegraph.com/news/next-stop-shanghai-ethereum-s-latest-milestone-approaches