Ethereum tau dhau los ntawm a qhov tseem ceeb network hloov kho rau lub Cuaj Hlis 15, hloov los ntawm nws cov ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm (PoW) kev pom zoo mining mus rau a pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (PoS) ib. Qhov hloov tshiab tseem ceeb yog dubbed Merge.
Kev sib koom ua ke tau txiav txim siab raws li qhov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb rau Ethereum network uas yuav ua rau nws muaj zog ntau dua, nrog rau kev txhim kho tom qab rau kev ua kom muaj zog thiab kev faib tawm tuaj.
Ib me ntsis dhau ib hlis tom qab, txawm li cas los xij, qee cov neeg soj ntsuam kev lag luam ntshai tias qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm PoS tau thawb Ethereum mus rau ntau qhov chaw nruab nrab thiab kev soj ntsuam kev tswj xyuas siab dua.
Lub Merge hloov txoj kev hloov pauv tau txheeb xyuas ntawm Ethereum network. Hloov chaw cov miners muab tso rau hauv lawv cov kev suav lub zog los txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv, cov neeg siv khoom siv tam sim no cog lus Ether (ETH) tokens los txheeb xyuas cov kev lag luam. Qhov teeb meem nrog cov kab ke no yog tias cov neeg siv khoom siv tau ntau dua ntawm Ether muaj cov lus hais ntau dua, vim tias lawv muaj feem pua ntawm cov neeg siv khoom siv los yog cov koom nrog ETH.
Txhawm rau dhau los ua tus neeg lees paub ntawm Ethereum network, ib tus yuav tsum koom nrog yam tsawg kawg ntawm 32 ETH. Yog li, whales thiab crypto pauv loj tau koom nrog ntau lab ntawm ETH kom muaj feem ntau ntawm cov validator nodes.
Tam sim no staking kev ua ub no zoo li hauv nruab nrab, nrog rau cov thawj coj ua kua staking raws tu qauv Lido thiab kev sib pauv hauv nruab nrab xws li Coinbase, Kraken thiab Binance accounting rau tshaj 60% ntawm cov koom nrog ETH.
RA Wilson, tus thawj coj thev naus laus zis ntawm crypto thiab carbon credits pauv 1GCX, hais rau Cointelegraph tias kev sib koom ua ke tau ua rau cov neeg tuav loj ntawm Ether kom tau txais kev tswj hwm ntawm lub network, ua rau nws muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua thiab tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab piav qhia:
"Ntau tus neeg tuav ETH koom nrog lawv cov crypto ntawm kev sib pauv hauv nruab nrab xws li Coinbase, uas tso cai rau cov platforms no los ua tus tuav tswj hwm hauv lub network, pab txhawb rau cov koom nrog hauv nruab nrab."
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tau pom tseeb heev tom qab Merge, zoo li 46.15% ntawm cov nodes rau khaws cov ntaub ntawv, kev ua lag luam thiab ntxiv cov blockchain tshiab tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi rau ob qhov chaw nyob.
Arcane Crypto tus kws tshuaj ntsuam xyuas Vetle Lunde hais rau Cointelegraph tias thaum qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm PoS tseem ceeb rau Ethereum lub hom phiaj mus sij hawm ntev ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua kom muaj zog, ib tus yuav tsum paub txog kev lag luam tawm:
"Cov neeg siv khoom loj tshaj plaws yog kev sib pauv sawv cev rau qhov kev pheej hmoo mus sij hawm ntev. Kev sib pauv twb pom lawv tus kheej nyob rau hauv ib qho nyuaj kev tswj hwm toj roob hauv pes, thiab kev ceev faj tsis lees paub ntawm kev lag luam yuav cuam tshuam nrog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv paus ntsiab lus hauv crypto ethos, censorship resistance. "
Thaum Ethereum cov neeg txhawb nqa hais tias ib tus neeg uas muaj 32 ETH tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus neeg siv tau, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias 32 ETH, lossis ib ncig ntawm $ 41,416, tsis yog ib qho me me rau cov neeg tshiab lossis cov tub lag luam, ntxiv rau qhov tseeb tias lub sijhawm kaw yog ntev heev.
Slava Demchuk, CEO ntawm Web3 qhov kev tsis txaus siab platform PureFi, hais rau Cointelegraph tias qhov chaw nruab nrab thiab qhov nyuaj ntawm kev koom tes yuav ua rau cov koom haum hauv nruab nrab xws li Coinbase muaj zog dua:
"Cov neeg feem coob yuav koom nrog cov neeg saib xyuas (xws li Coinbase) vim qhov yooj yim thiab qhov tseeb tias lawv tsis muaj 32ETH. Txoj kev no, cov tuam txhab loj yuav muaj feem ntau ntawm kev sib koom ua ke, ua rau nws muaj ntau lub hauv paus. Nws txhais tau tias cov koom haum nrog ntau ETH yuav muaj kev tswj hwm ntau dua. "
Kev ntshai ntawm kev soj ntsuam xyuas
Ua ntej xyoo 2018, SEC thov tias Ether tsis yog kev ruaj ntseg, vim nws txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev nthuav dav hauv lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntawd tuaj yeem hloov pauv nrog kev txav mus rau PoS, uas ua rau nyuaj rau kev sib raug zoo ntawm Ethereum blockchain thiab cov tswj hwm.
Gary Gensler, Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Kev Ruaj Ntseg Hauv Tebchaws Meskas (SEC), tau ua pov thawj ua ntej Senate Banking Committee nyob rau hnub ntawm Kev Sib Koom Tes, hais tias cov nyiaj tau los ntawm "kev cia siab ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau los ntawm kev siv zog ntawm lwm tus" yuav suav nrog cov pov thawj- ntawm-stake cov cuab tam digital.
Gensler kuj tau hais txog qhov ntawd stakes los ntawm loj centralized exchanges zoo li "zoo heev" rau qiv, hu tawm cov khoom lag luam siab uas ua rau cov lag luam crypto tam sim no poob qis thiab lumping cov khoom no rau hauv cov cuab yeej nyiaj txiag raws li kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm SEC.
Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv SEC foob foob tsuas yog ib lub lim tiam tom qab kev sib koom ua ke, SEC tau thov kev txiav txim siab hla Ethereum network vim tias feem ntau ntawm cov nodes yog nyob hauv Tebchaws Meskas.
Thaum SEC cov lus thov tau tsa qee qhov muag muag thiab nrog ntau tus neeg thuam tus tswj hwm rau nws txoj hauv kev, qee tus ntseeg tias Ethereum tau muaj nws los, raws li Gensler tau hais tias tsiv mus rau PoS tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev nyab xeeb cov cai. Ruadhan, tus thawj coj tsim tawm ntawm PoW-based mining token developer Seasonal Tokens, hais rau Cointelegraph:
"Qhov kev sib cav hais tias ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm raug cai nyob hauv Asmeskas tsis muaj zog vim tias nws tsis yog feem ntau. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev txav no qhia tau hais tias lub hom phiaj los tswj, thiab nws yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau kev lag luam yog tias Ethereum yuav tsum tau muab cais ua kev ruaj ntseg. Centralized pauv yuav xav tau de-list Ethereum. Kev lag luam hauv ntiaj teb tam sim no muaj kev pheej hmoo heev, thiab Ethereum lub khw muag khoom loj heev uas qhov xwm txheej zoo li no tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev thiab tseem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev lag luam. "
Ruadhan tau kwv yees tias yog Ethereum raug cais raws li kev ruaj ntseg, ces nws yuav raug tswj hwm hnyav dua txawm tias nws yog qhov tseem ceeb npaum li cas: "Yog tias muaj tsawg tus neeg tawm tswv yim, tag nrho cov concentrated hauv Tebchaws Meskas, ces lawv tuaj yeem raug yuam kom censor pauv. uas ua txhaum US kev rau txim, uas txhais tau hais tias Ethereum kev censorship tsis kam ploj. "
Kenneth Goodwin, tus thawj coj ntawm kev tswj hwm thiab chaw ua haujlwm ntawm Blockchain Intelligence Group, hais rau Cointelegraph tias qhov kev txav mus rau PoS yeej tau muab rau SEC nrog kev siv zog los saib xyuas cov neeg siv tau thiab txawm tias cov nodes lawv tus kheej ntev npaum li lawv tau txuas nrog Asmeskas tus neeg, chaw lossis chaw txiav txim. . Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ib qho irony rau qhov xwm txheej. Goodwin piav qhia:
"Qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm no yog tias qhov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho ntawm cov kev sib tham hauv kev txiav txim siab rau US central bank digital txiaj muab nws qhov tseem ceeb ntawm nws. Nyob rau sab ntxeev, yuav muaj kev tswj xyuas ntau dua uas yuav suav nrog kev tsim cov txheej txheem sau npe rau cov neeg siv tau thiab Ether raws tu qauv raws li cov haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws zoo li SEC tab tom nrhiav kev faib Ethereum raws li kev ruaj ntseg. "
Jae Yang, CEO thiab co-founder ntawm noncustodial crypto pauv Tacen, hais rau Cointelegraph tias centralization yuav dhau los ua ib qho kev txhawj xeeb rau Ethereum yog tias cov neeg tswj hwm tau txav mus rau kev tswj hwm Kev Tiv Thaiv Nyiaj Laundering (AML) cov cai ntawm staking.
"Centralization yuav muaj kev txhawj xeeb yog tias FinCEN lossis lwm tus tswj hwm tswj hwm Koj Tus Neeg Siv Khoom, AML lossis lwm yam kev ua raws AML rau cov neeg siv tsuas yog koom nrog ether. Txawm hais tias qhov kev txhaj tshuaj ntev ntawm lub sijhawm no, muaj kev pheej hmoo tias cov neeg siv khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv nruab nrab tshem tawm qee yam kev lag luam, tsim lawv tus kheej los ua tus neeg thib peb tus neeg nruab nrab ntawm kev txiav txim siab uas tawm tsam cov ntsiab cai ntawm kev tswj hwm nyiaj txiag, "nws piav qhia.
Kev cuam tshuam ntev ntawm PoS kev hloov pauv
Txawm hais tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm thiab kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm, cov neeg soj ntsuam kev lag luam tau ntseeg siab tias Ethereum blockchain yuav kov yeej cov teeb meem luv luv no thiab txuas ntxiv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov ecosystem nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev.
Okcoin tus thawj coj ua haujlwm Jason Lau tau tawm tswv yim rau kev nthuav dav ntawm kev hloov pauv. Nws hais rau Cointelegraph:
"Thaum peb xav txog kev sib tham hauv centralization vs decentralization debate, peb yuav tsum tau saib mus ntev. Qhib blockchains yuav tsum muaj theem siab ntawm decentralization los xyuas kom meej censorship tsis kam, qhib thiab kev ruaj ntseg, yog li txhua yam kev hloov mus rau ntau centralization yuav tsim nyog saib xyuas. Lub zej zog paub zoo txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev txhawb nqa thiab ua kom muaj kev sib txawv ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom, thiab peb yuav pom tias qhov no ua tau zoo li cas rau lub sijhawm. "
Wilson tau sau tseg tias lub network yuav dhau los ua kev cuam tshuam me ntsis nyob rau lub sijhawm 6-8 lub hlis tom ntej, vim tias lub sijhawm kaw ntawm Ethereum pib tas sijhawm thiab cov neeg tuav haujlwm yuav tuaj yeem thim lawv cov nyiaj tau los.
Thiab thaum node thiab validator centralization yog ib qho kev txhawj xeeb uas siv tau, Chen Zhuling, co-founder thiab CEO ntawm noncustodial staking service provider RockX, sau tseg PoW mining ntawm Ethereum yog centralized li validators ntawm tam sim no PoS-raws li network.
Chen hais rau Cointelegraph tias nyob rau hauv PoW era, "Peb lub pas dej mining tau tuav lub Ethereum network hashrate. Koj tsis tuaj yeem sib tw nrog lwm tus miners los txheeb xyuas cov blocks yog tias koj tsis muaj lub zog suav loj heev, xav tau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kim, lub zog-guzzling mining rigs. "
Chen kuj tau tawm tswv yim rau kev pom mus ntev ntawm PoS kev hloov pauv raws li tam sim no, tokens feem ntau yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov hauv paus loj rau kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev xav zoo tias lawv yuav tsis ua dab tsi los cuam tshuam lub network.
Demchuk tau taw qhia sai sai tias kev tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab hauv kev sib tw tsis tau txhais hais tias nws yuav yooj yim rau pawg neeg phem loj ntawm cov neeg muaj peev xwm los tswj hwm Ethereum network, raws li "muaj kev tiv thaiv ntxiv. 'Cov neeg phem' cov neeg pov thawj yuav raug txiav, txhais tau hais tias lawv ' ceg txheem ntseeg' tuaj yeem txeeb tau. "
Ethereum tej zaum yuav tau hloov mus rau PoS network, tab sis feem ntau ntawm scalability thiab lwm yam nta tsuas yog tuaj txog tom qab ua tiav ntawm theem kawg, xav tau los ntawm qhov kawg ntawm 2024.
Mus tom ntej, nws yuav nthuav kom pom yuav ua li cas Ethereum kov yeej lub hauv paus ntawm validators thiab hais txog kev loj hlob ntawm kev tswj hwm kev txhawj xeeb txog lub network.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cointelegraph.com/news/ethereum-at-the-center-of-centralization-debate-as-sec-lays-claim