Los ntawm staking 32 ETH rau lub Ethereum Kev sib koom ua ke (kev hloov pauv ntawm Ethereum los ntawm Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm, mus rau Kev Pom Zoo ntawm Pawg Neeg Sawv Cev) cov tokens tau raug kaw kom zoo rau lub sijhawm tsis tau txiav txim siab.
Liquid staking muab kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem no los ntawm kev tso cai rau cov neeg siv los qhib lawv cov koom nrog ETH thiab rov xa nws mus rau lwm qhov uas siv cov khoom siv. Liquid staking nce peev efficiency ntawm Ethereum blockchain thiab tso cai rau cov neeg siv kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm lwm lub sijhawm thaum tseem koom nrog hauv nws cov hauv paus ntsiab lus Proof-of-Stake system.
Ethereum kua staking yog ib txoj hauv kev tshiab thiab tshiab kom tau txais khoom plig los ntawm staked Ethereum.
Txhawm rau kom nkag siab zoo dua, kev sib tw ua kua, peb yuav rov qab mus rau Ethereum Merge, kev hloov kho Shanghai, thiab qhov twg Liquid staking derivatives haum rau tag nrho cov no.
Ethereum sib koom
Ethereum network tau hloov pauv qhov tseem ceeb nrog Kev Hloov Los ntawm Kev Pov Hwm-ntawm-Ua Haujlwm mus rau Pov Thawj-ntawm-Stake. Qhov kev pib no tshwm sim nyob rau hauv kev txhim kho ntawm nws cov peev xwm uas twb muaj lawm los tswj kev lag luam cryptocurrency thiab koom ua ke cov txheej txheem tshiab ntawm cov txheej txheem.
Thaum pib, Beacon Chain tau qhib rau ntawm blockchain ua thawj kauj ruam ntawm kev hloov los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-kev ua haujlwm rau kev pom zoo tab sis txuas ntxiv mus ua ke nrog Mainnet siv ob txoj cai sib txawv. Qhov no tau ua tiav los xyuas kom muaj kev hloov pauv tau yooj yim thiab tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo uas cuam tshuam nrog ib txoj saw hlau. Tom qab ua tiav rau lub hlis, ob lub network thaum kawg tau sib koom ua ke rau lub Cuaj Hli 2022 yog li ua tiav qhov kev hloov pauv tau zoo, yog li hloov pauv qhov kev pom zoo algorithm mus tas li. Kev sib koom ua ke tau cim lub sijhawm tseem ceeb hauv Ethereum txoj kev txhim kho txoj kev taug kev nrog rau qhov tseem ceeb uas tsim nyog rau ETH 2.0 txoj kev vam meej.
Cov txheej txheem ntawm staking Ethereum ntawm Beacon saw ua ntej kev siv ntawm EIP-4895 yog ib qho kev hem thawj. Tsis tsuas yog cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau cog lus tias lawv yuav tsum tau ua raws li lub sijhawm, tab sis lawv kuj yuav pab tau tsawg kawg ntawm 32 yam tsawg kawg nkaus. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias yog tias ib tus neeg xav tau lub peev xwm rau qhov khoom plig APY siab, lawv yuav tsum tau nqis peev ntau heev - ib qho uas muaj feem cuam tshuam rau ntau tus neeg tuaj koom.
Qhov kev ua tsis tau zoo no yeej muab tib neeg tawm mus; ua tsaug, Ethereum cov neeg tsim khoom tau lees paub qhov tsis txaus ntseeg no thiab qhia txog EIP-4895 (lub hnub qub ntawm Shanghai) ua qhov kev daws teeb meem yooj yim dua.
Shanghai upgrade
Kev txhim kho kev sib koom ua ke yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev teeb tsa lub hauv paus rau kev hloov pauv mus rau qhov pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg. Txawm hais tias qhov kev cia siab ntawm cov yam ntxwv xws li tshem tawm cov koom nrog ETH tsis tuaj yeem suav nrog thaum Lub Sij Hawm Sib Koom Tes, nws tau npaj rau kev tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua raws li Shanghai hloov kho.
Cov neeg tsim tawm Ethereum nyuaj ntawm kev ua haujlwm tiav cov phiaj xwm rau kev ua tiav Q1 tso tawm ntawm lawv cov cryptocurrency. Nrog rau Shanghai Public Testnet tau hais tias yuav pib thaum Lub Ob Hlis 2023, kev nce qib tau txhawb nqa raws li kev hloov tshiab tsis tu ncua qhia tias Lub Peb Hlis 2023 yog thaum cov neeg siv yuav tuaj yeem txhiv lawv cov koom nrog Ethereum.
Txawm hais tias muaj qee qhov kev cuam tshuam ntawm txoj kev, nws zoo nkaus li tias lawv cov phiaj xwm rau Q1 tso tawm yog txoj hauv kev. Cov neeg tsim tawm yeej muaj lawv txoj haujlwm txiav tawm rau lawv nyob rau lub hlis tom ntej, tab sis nrog kev mob siab rau thiab ua kom pom tseeb, tuaj Lub Peb Hlis peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav muaj kev sib tw zoo ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv cryptocurrency no.
Liquid Staking Derivatives
Kua staking yog ib qho txheej txheem automated uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog lawv cov Ethereum tokens ntawm Beacon saw. Tus neeg siv cov nyiaj raug kaw hauv daim ntawv cog lus ntse, thiab lawv tau txais khoom plig raws li tus nqi ntawm ETH lawv tau koom nrog. Hauv kev sib pauv rau staking ETH, cov neeg siv tau muab Liquid staking derivatives (LSD) uas sawv cev rau lawv cov staked ETH thiab tuaj yeem siv rau Defi los yog pauv hauv kev ua lag luam.
LSDs tau hloov pauv txoj hauv kev uas peb khwv tau nyiaj tau los ntawm peb cov cuab tam digital. Thaum nyob rau hauv ib txwm staking, cov neeg siv tau txwv rau qee yam blockchain raws tu qauv lossis sau tawm los ntawm lawv cov koom nrog ETH, LSD tso cai rau lawv pauv lawv cov tokens thiab nkag mus rau cov txiaj ntsig tshiab.
Lido Staked ETH, yog ib qho ua tau zoo tshaj plaws LSD tokens tam sim no ntawm kev ua lag luam, tau pom kev loj hlob zoo heev nyob rau ob peb lub hlis dhau los. Tam sim no nws khav theeb ntau dua $ 8.4B tus nqi ntawm ETH koom nrog thiab 260K tus neeg koom nrog thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Los ntawm kev siv cov cim no, cov neeg siv tau yooj yim ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lawv cov khoom muaj nqis digital thiab nkag mus tau cov nyiaj tau los ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb lossis lwm yam kev cai lij choj.
Yuav ua li cas qhov kev hloov kho Shanghai yuav cuam tshuam rau ETH tus nqi
Lub zej zog crypto tau ceev faj tias Shanghai Kev Txhim Kho tuaj yeem ua rau kev muag muag. Qee qhov kev sib cav hais txog qhov tsis sib xws:
Txawm hais tias peb tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees qhov kev nyiam ntawm ETH cov tuav nws txoj haujlwm tam sim no hauv qab dej lossis 'hauv cov nyiaj', nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog cov txheej txheem tsim los txwv cov nyiaj ETH tso tawm tom qab kev txhim kho.
Nrog kev tshem tawm tag nrho, tsuas yog 1,350 tus neeg siv tau tuaj yeem tawm hauv ib lub sijhawm pib - sib npaug rau 0.8% ntawm cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub. Lub caij no, kev rho tawm ib nrab yuav tso cai rau cov neeg siv sau txog 2ETH hauv cov khoom plig rau tus neeg siv tau, txhais tau tias yuav muaj txog li 1M ETH ntawm kev ua lag luam yog tias tag nrho 500K validators xaiv qhov kev xaiv no. Qhov no tseem yuav sawv cev tsuas yog 10% ntawm ETH cov khoom lag luam niaj hnub - thiab nws zoo li qee qhov tokens koom nrog tsim nyog yuav nyob twj ywm rau ib ntus tom qab.
Yuav koom nrog Ethereum li cas
Solo staking
Solo staking ntawm Ethereum tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam vim muaj ntau yam txiaj ntsig nws muaj. Tsis tsuas yog nws muab tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig kev koom tes, tab sis nws kuj tseem txhim kho kev faib tawm ntawm lub network thiab khaws cov nyiaj tau los hauv kev tswj hwm ntawm cov neeg siv. Txhawm rau pib nrog solo staking, cov neeg siv yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 32 ETH thiab lub khoos phis tawj tshwj xeeb uas txuas nrog Is Taws Nem ib puag ncig. Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev paub-yuav ua li cas tuaj yeem pab tau rau kev teeb tsa ntau dua, ntau yam tshiab, yooj yim-rau-siv cov cuab yeej tam sim no muaj nyob uas tso cai rau ib tus neeg los teeb tsa lawv tus kheej-sovereign staking node thiab coj kom zoo dua ntawm lub sijhawm kub no kom tau txais cov nyiaj tau los passive. .
Staking ua ib qho kev pabcuam
Staking-as-a-service muaj kev xaiv zoo rau cov neeg uas tsis muaj kev paub lossis cov peev txheej los tswj lawv tus kheej kho vajtse teeb tsa, tab sis tseem xav koom nrog lawv 32 ETH. Kev teeb tsa yooj yim thiab tsuas yog xav kom koj tsim cov ntawv pov thawj siv tau, xa koj tus lej kos npe, thiab tso koj li ETH. Qhov no tso cai rau tus neeg muab kev pabcuam ua haujlwm ntawm kev lees paub cov blocks sawv cev ntawm koj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb los tsim kev ntseeg siab rau tus kws kho mob ua ntej kev nqis peev vim tias koj cov yuam sij rho tawm tseem nyob hauv koj qhov muaj. Yog li xyuas kom koj ua tib zoo xaiv tus kws kho mob uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab muaj koob npe ua ntej ua kev nqis peev tseem ceeb.
Liquid Staking
Kev sib tw ua kua tau nrawm nrawm ntawm Ethereum cov neeg siv uas tsis muaj 32 ETH rau ceg txheem ntseeg lossis tsis xis nyob nrog stake tag nrho. Qhov kev daws teeb meem no suav nrog minting ib qho ERC-20 liquidity token uas sawv cev rau ETH koom nrog, yog li tso cai rau cov neeg siv los tuav lawv cov cuab tam hauv lawv lub hnab nyiaj Ethereum thiab tawm txhua lub sijhawm. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov kev xaiv sib sau ua ke los yog cov kua dej yog tsim los ntawm cov neeg sab nrauv, thiab yog li ntawd muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo uas yuav tsum tau muab coj los xav ua ntej siv.
Kev Nruab Nrab Sib Pauv
Siv qhov kev sib pauv hauv nruab nrab raws li qhov kev poob qis rau kev sib tw ETH yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau ntau tus neeg siv, muab lub sijhawm khoom plig, kev saib xyuas qis, thiab kev siv dag zog. Txawm li cas los xij, ua li ntawd, cov neeg siv tau khaws lawv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig nrog kev sib pauv hauv nruab nrab uas suav nrog ETH ntau. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub network thiab nws cov neeg siv raug cuam tshuam; xws li cov nyiaj ntau ntawm ETH concentrated nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw txhais tau hais tias nws dhau los ua lub hom phiaj yooj yim dua rau kev tawm tsam lossis kab laum, ua rau ob qho tib si hauv lub network thiab cov neeg siv khoom muaj kev cuam tshuam.
Yam yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum xaiv tus kws kho mob ua kua
Thaum xaiv tus kws kho mob ua kua, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau xav txog cov hauv qab no:
• Kev ruaj ntseg thiab lub koob npe nrov ntawm tus kws kho mob
• Cov nqi cuam tshuam nrog kev pabcuam
• Cov sij hawm tshem tawm sai sai
• Kev txhawb nqa cov neeg siv khoom zoo
• Cov txheej txheem siv rau kev faib khoom plig.
• Tokenomics siv los ntawm lub platform rau kev tswj hwm thiab kev sib koom ua lag luam.
Ib txwm nyeem cov kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm cov chaw muab kev pabcuam ua ntej ua kev nqis peev kom paub tseeb tias koj xaiv qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws.
Kua staking nqi zog mechanisms
1. Rebase tokens - cov no sawv cev rau lub sijhawm peev tshiab, tso cai rau cov neeg siv tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm tus nqi nce ntxiv. Txhua zaus ETH tau koom nrog, koj tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog ib tus lej cim rau txhua tus ETH uas tau koom nrog. Raws li koj qhov nyiaj tshuav ntawm ETH nce, yog li koj qhov nyiaj tshuav ntawm tus lej sib tw - txhais tau tias tus nqi sib koom ua ke ntawm koj ETH thiab staked token ua ke loj hlob. Qhov kom zoo dua yog los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tus nqi ntawm tus nqi sib tw ib txwm nce zuj zus. Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev sib koom ua ke rau hauv DeFi raws tu qauv thiab tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem tsis txaus ntseeg hauv qee kis. Piv txwv suav nrog LidoFinance
: $stETH, stDOT, $stKSM
2. Tus nqi-accruing tokens - lawv yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm koj cov peev txheej. Zoo ib yam li staking ETH, thaum koj tuav lub cim no, koj tau txais ib qho token rov qab rau txhua ETH uas koj muab tso rau hauv. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias txawm tias tag nrho cov tokens tseem nyob tas li, nws cov txiaj ntsig tau nce mus tas li vim qhov txiaj ntsig koj tau txais thoob plaws lub sijhawm sib tw. Koj cov tokens tuaj yeem siv tau raws li ib txwm ERC20 tab sis nrog ib qho sib txawv - lawv qhov tsim nyog nce ntxiv thiab tsis tsom rau tus nqi qub ntawm koj cov peev txheej. Piv txwv xws li Fraxfinance: $sfrxETH thiab ANKR: $ankrETH, $ankrBNB
3. Ob-token system - qhov system no ua kom tus nqi ntawm ETH zoo ib yam. Koj cov khoom plig staking raug them tawm hauv ib qho khoom plig tshwj xeeb. Qhov kev teeb tsa no ua rau kev tswj hwm koj cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim dua vim tias tsis muaj qhov hloov pauv lossis lwm yam kev hloov pauv tsis tau xav txog hauv koj tus thawj tswj hwm. Nws tseem yog cov txheej txheem automated; tsuav yog koj muaj ETH tokens txaus, koj tuaj yeem zaum rov qab thiab saib koj cov khoom plig loj hlob yam tsis tas yuav hloov kho lossis hloov pauv. Piv txwv suav nrog Stakewise_io
nrog $sETH2 thiab $rETH2.
4. Token nqi zog system - Hloov tus qauv nqi zog token, cov neeg siv tau txais ib qho tseem ceeb token uas yog tshwj xeeb thiab muab ntau hom kev txhawb zog. Txoj kev no yuav dhau los ua tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab Shanghai Hloov Kho rau Ethereum (ETH). Piv txwv suav nrog Algem_io nrog $nASTR.
Platforms uas muab Ethereum stakes.
- Binance - Binance yog ib qho kev sib pauv loj tshaj plaws, thiab muaj ntau yam kev xaiv rau Ethereum. Lub platform tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog lawv cov ETH yam tsis muaj nqi ntxiv, thiab cov khoom plig tau muab faib rau lawv cov nyiaj.
- Coinbase - Coinbase yog qhov kev sib pauv nrov thiab ntseeg siab, thiab nws tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog lawv cov ETH nrog kev siv zog tsawg. Cov neeg siv tsuas yog yuav tsum txuas lawv lub hnab nyiaj rau lub platform thiab pib staking.
- Lido FInance - Lido yog cov txheej txheem staking uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog lawv ETH thiab tau txais khoom plig hauv daim ntawv ntawm rebase tokens. Nws muab cov khoom plig sib tw thiab lub platform ruaj ntseg rau kev sib tw.
- Kraken - Kraken yog ib qho ntawm cov kev sib pauv qub tshaj plaws thiab txhim khu kev qha, muab cov kev xaiv muaj zog. Cov neeg siv tuaj yeem koom nrog lawv ETH kom tau txais khoom plig hauv daim ntawv ETH tokens lossis lwm yam khoom muaj nqis.
- Rocket pas dej ua ke - Rocket Pas dej yog qhov chaw sib koom ua ke uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv tau txais khoom plig hauv ETH tokens. Lub platform tseem muaj cov nqi them nqi qis thiab cov kev xaiv hloov pauv hloov pauv.
- FRAX - FRAX yog lub platform staking uas tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog ETH thiab tau txais khoom plig hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tau txais txiaj ntsig. Lub platform kuj muab cov neeg siv nrog ib puag ncig kev nyab xeeb thiab kev sib tw khoom plig.
- ANKR - ANKR yog cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke uas ua rau cov neeg siv koom nrog ETH thiab tau txais khoom plig hauv ntau yam tokens.
Lub neej yav tom ntej ntawm kua staking
Kev sib tw ua kua tau nrawm dhau los ua ib txoj hauv kev nrov tshaj plaws los tsim cov nyiaj tau los tsis zoo nrog ETH. Nrog ntau lub platforms thiab cov txheej txheem tsim cov kev daws teeb meem tshiab, staking yuav nkag mus tau ntau dua thiab muaj txiaj ntsig yav tom ntej. Raws li Shanghai hloov kho mus kom ze, ntau cov neeg siv yuav muaj peev xwm coj kom zoo dua ntawm cov kua staking xaiv, raws li lawv tau tsim los ua kom yooj yim rau cov neeg siv los tswj lawv cov ntaub ntawv. Tsis tas li ntawd, raws li cov platforms pib muab cov khoom plig siab dua thiab cov kev xaiv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, kev koom tes yuav tsum tau nce ntxiv hauv xyoo tom ntej.
xaus
Kev sib tw ua kua yog ib txoj hauv kev tshiab los tsim cov nyiaj tau los ntawm ETH. Nws tso cai rau cov neeg siv kom ruaj ntseg koom nrog lawv cov tokens, tau txais khoom plig hauv daim ntawv tokens lossis lwm yam khoom muaj nqis thiab loj hlob lawv cov ntaub ntawv tsis tas yuav hloov kho. Nrog ntau lub platforms thiab cov txheej txheem muab cov kev xaiv ua kua, qhov kev siv hluav taws xob loj hlob ntawm cov kua staking zoo li ci.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.cryptopolitan.com/dummies-guide-to-ethereum-liquid-staking/