Ethereum tau ua pov thawj tias yog lub zog loj heev. Thaum nws cov teeb meem tseem ceeb tau nthuav tawm lwm cov nyiaj npib los hais txog lawv, Ethereum zoo li tshem nws cov tawv nqaij qub nrog kev tso tawm Ethereum 2.0.
Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb tias Ethereum tau tsim rau xyoo tom qab Bitcoin (BTC) thiab kev taw qhia ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis, cov cuab yeej digital Ether (ETH) tau loj hlob los ua qhov thib ob tseem ceeb tshaj plaws cryptocurrency nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev lag luam peev, tshaj npib xws li Litecoin (LTC), Ripple (covXRP), Dash (DASHthiab Monero (XMR), uas twb launched ua ntej nws.
Cov thev naus laus zis tom qab Ethereum blockchain yog thawj qhov laj thawj rau nws qhov kev nce qib meteoric.
Vitalik Buterin, Canadian-Lavxias programmer thiab co-founder ntawm Ethereum, piav qhia rau Kev Lag Luam Insider tias Ethereum blockchain yog npaj los hais txog Bitcoin "kev ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau."
Ethereum blockchain nrhiav kev txhawb nqa kev tsim kho tshiab los ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov ntawv thov kev ncaj ncees (DApps). Qhov no yog lub hauv paus ntawm nonfungible tokens (NFTs) thiab lub tswv yim Metaverse.
Thaum Ethereum tau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsawg, nws tsis tau hais txog qee qhov kev txhawj xeeb loj cuam tshuam nrog Bitcoin thiab feem ntau blockchains vim nws tso siab rau ntau qhov pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm (PoW) kev pom zoo.
Tsawg scalability, network congestion, siab nqi roj thiab ib puag ncig kev txhawj xeeb yog ib co ntawm cov teeb meem loj, tag nrho cov uas muaj feem xyuam rau lub PoW kev pom zoo mechanism siv los ntawm Bitcoin thiab Ethereum.
Raws li qhov tshwm sim, Ethereum tau npaj rau kev hloov pauv mus rau cov pov thawj-ntawm- ceg txheem ntseeg (PoS) rau qee lub sijhawm tam sim no hauv Ethereum 2.0 tsis ntev los no.
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj-ua haujlwm vs.
Lub network tshawb xyuas kev lag luam ntawm blockchain siv lub tswv yim pom zoo, uas pab kom tsis muaj leej twg siv nyiaj tib ob zaug. Lub tswv yim pom zoo siv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam, ntxiv rau blockchain thiab tsim cov nyiaj npib tshiab. PoW thiab PoS yog ob lub ntsiab lus pom zoo siv los ua kom tiav qhov no.
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm raws li kev pom zoo siv cov mining los xyuas cov kev hloov pauv. Cov khoos phis tawj hauv lub network yuav tsum daws qhov teeb meem, thiab thawj zaug ua li ntawd tau txais kev lees paub qhov kev hloov pauv tsis ntev los no thiab ntxiv rau blockchain. Lub network muab nqi zog rau thawj tus neeg uas daws qhov teeb meem no thiab txheeb xyuas qhov kev hloov pauv nrog lub token.
Thaum PoW pab txhawb rau kev ruaj ntseg ntawm blockchain, qhov teeb meem nrog qhov kev pom zoo no yog nws txoj kev koom tes nrog mining. Cov khoos phis tawj koom nrog hauv mining siv ntau lub zog thaum sim daws cov kev sib tw lej no.
raws li rau cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm University of Cambridge, Bitcoin siv zog ntau dua li Argentina, Netherlands thiab United Arab Emirates. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog ib puag ncig.
Tsis tas li ntawd, vim muaj kev cia siab rau cov mining, blockchains zoo li Ethereum uas khiav ntau qhov kev lag luam qeeb hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev lag luam nrawm, ua rau muaj kev sib txuas hauv network thiab, vim li ntawd, cov nqi roj ntau dua.
Lub PoS kev pom zoo mechanism siv stakes es tsis txhob mining los xyuas thiab suav nrog kev hloov pauv tshiab hauv blockchain. PoS xav kom cov neeg tuav nyiaj npib los koom nrog lawv cov nyiaj npib hauv lub pas dej staking, uas tso cai rau cov neeg koom nrog siv tau cov kev hloov pauv tshiab ntxiv rau blockchain.
Ntxiv mus, PoS tshem tawm cov teeb meem ib puag ncig cuam tshuam nrog kev tsuas, tso cai rau kev hloov pauv kom tiav sai dua thiab tus nqi qis dua.
Related: DAOs: Ib qho kev hloov pauv raws li blockchain rau cov neeg coob coob
Yug ntawm Ethereum killers
Ethereum killers yog cov tes hauj lwm uas nrhiav kom tsis txhob zaum Ethereum los ntawm kev hais txog nws cov teeb meem blockchain xws li tsis tshua muaj scalability, tus nqi siab, kev lag luam qis ib ob (TPS) thiab kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig. Lawv npaj siab ua kom tiav qhov no los ntawm kev siv cov pov thawj-ntawm-scale kev pom zoo mechanism. Cardano, Solana, Polkadot thiab Tezos yog cov paub zoo tshaj plaws.
Cardano
Cardano, piv txwv li, ntiav Ouroboros, kev pom zoo thiab kev ruaj ntseg raws li PoS. Lub Cardano blockchain yog qhov muaj peev xwm loj tau ua tsaug rau kev siv Ouroboros, tso cai rau kev lag luam nrawm dua thiab nqi qis dua.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Cardano's Hydra project aims kom nws ceev ntau tshaj 300%. Tam sim no, Cardano tuaj yeem ua tiav txog 250 TPS. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg tsim khoom tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm kev daws teeb meem txhawm rau txhawm rau 1,000 TPS. Lub Cardano blockchain yog lub zog txuag thiab hais txog kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig cuam tshuam nrog Bitcoin thiab Ethereum blockchains vim nws siv PoS kev pom zoo mechanism.
Cardano kuj muaj 579 daim ntawv thov kev ncaj ncees (DApps), raws li rau Cardano ecosystem tracker Cardano Cube. Tus lej no tsawg dua li Ethereum ze li 3,000 DApps nrog ntau dua 50,000 cov neeg siv niaj hnub ua haujlwm thiab 126,000 kev hloov pauv ib hnub, raws li rau lub xeev ntawm DApps.
Tezos
Tezos yog lwm tus neeg sib tw uas sawv tawm vim nws cov qauv kev tswj hwm tshwj xeeb.
Tezos, tsis zoo li lwm yam blockchains, yog tus tswj hwm tus kheej hauv kev nkag siab tias cov neeg siv tau txais lub sijhawm los hloov kho thiab txiav txim siab tsim qauv. Vim hais tias kev tswj hwm yog nyob rau hauv lub network nws tus kheej es tsis yog pab pawg txhim kho, nws tau raug hu ua "lub blockchain tsim los hloov kho."
Tezos too siv PoS ntxiv rau nws cov kua pov thawj-ntawm-tus ceg txheem ntseeg (LPoS) mechanism, uas ua rau cov neeg tuav nyiaj npib hloov pauv txoj cai ntawm lawv cov tokens mus rau lwm tus neeg siv yam tsis tas yuav poob cov tswv cuab.
Tsis tas li ntawd, Tezos muaj kev txhim kho ua ntej hu ua Octez v13 uas, raws li pab pawg, yuav kom nws cov kev sib pauv ceev ntawm 215 TPS rau ze li ntawm 1,000 TPS.
Solana
Lub Solana blockchain tau cuam tshuam rau ntawm lub hauv paus tsev thaiv ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis hu ua decentralization txhawm rau ua tiav kev lag luam sai dua thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb dua blockchain. Nws ua qhov no los ntawm kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv lub network uas ua raws li kev txiav txim siab ruaj ntseg ntawm lub sijhawm uas tag nrho lub network pom zoo, uas yog hu ua pov thawj-ntawm-keeb kwm (PoH).
Txhawm rau ua tiav kev lag luam sai dua, Solana ntiav PoS kev pom zoo mechanism hu ua Tower BFT, uas yog raws li PoH mechanism. Tsis tas li ntawd raws li blockchain nrog tus nqi siab tshaj plaws ntawm $ 37 billion, Solana tuaj yeem txheej txheem mus txog 50,000 TPS nrog tus nqi qis heev, ib ntu los ntawm $0.00001 thiab $0.00025.
Txawm li cas los xij, ntau cov ntawv ceeb toom muaj ntog ntawm Solana kev lag luam ua tsis tiav vim tsis ruaj khov. Kev sib koom tes loj hauv Solana blockchain tau tshwm sim qee lub sijhawm thaum Lub Ib Hlis thiab tau siv sijhawm ntev dua 30 teev, ua rau kev lag luam tsis ua haujlwm thiab cov dej tom qab. Qhov no yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm bots spamming lub network nrog kev sib pauv hloov pauv.
Solana tseem tsis muaj ntau DApps onboarded. raws li mus rau DappRadar, qhov loj tshaj plaws PoS blockchain muaj tsuas yog 71 daim ntawv thov decentralized nyob rau hauv ntau pawg xws li decentralized nyiaj txiag (DeFi), gaming thiab decentralized exchanges (DEXs).
Nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias Solana yog ib lub platform loj tshaj plaws rau nonfungible tokens (NFTs). raws li rau CryptoSlam, Solana's 24-teev NFT muag ntim kwv yees kwv yees $ 23 lab cim thaum lub sijhawm sau ntawv.
Ethereum hwm 2.0
Ethereum tau npaj hloov mus rau PoS txij thaum pib, thiab kev npaj tseem ceeb tau ua tiav. Ethereum 2.0, lossis Serenity upgrade, aims kom nce scalability ntawm Ethereum blockchain, txhim kho kev lag luam nrawm thiab txo cov nqi roj.
Eth2 yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv peb theem.
Thawj theem dubbed Beacon Chain mus nyob rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis 1, 2020, qhia txog qhov pib ntawm kev hloov kho tshiab. Cov tuav tau muab lub sijhawm los koom nrog lawv cov tokens thaum lub sij hawm Beacon Chain theem thaum lub community launch tiav.
Lub sijhawm thib ob uas tau hais kom tshwm sim hauv Q2 2022 yog hu ua The Merge, uas yuav suav nrog Beacon Chain rau hauv Ethereum mainnet
George Harrap, tus tsim ntawm Kauj Ruam Nyiaj Txiag, txawm li cas los xij, ntseeg tias kev sib pauv hloov pauv thiab cov nqi tseem yuav yog qhov teeb meem rau Ethereum txawm li cas los xij, nco ntsoov tias cov no yuav daws tau nyob rau xyoo tom ntej txawm tias lwm cov blockchains thiab txheej 2s tau ua tiav. "exceptionally zoo" nyob rau hauv combating lawv.
Harrap hais rau Cointelegraph tias "Ethereum muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus rau kev sib tw nyob ntawd, tab sis Kev Sib Koom Tes tseem tab tom ua tiav."
Bart, pseudonymous community moment and operation supporter of Harvest Finance, xav tias The Merge is a step forward in solidifying Ethereum as the original blockchain and “cov chain” to use. Nws hais rau Cointelegraph tias txheej-2s zoo li Arbitrum lossis Optimism tseem yuav muaj zog ntxiv. "Alt-chains zoo li Polygon, Avalanche thiab Solana tau pom muaj kev loj hlob tsis ntev los no thiab kuv cia siab tias qhov no yuav txuas ntxiv mus txawm tias tom qab Kev Sib Koom Tes."
"Qhov cuam tshuam loj tshaj plaws rau cov neeg siv tam sim no yog leej twg tuaj yeem dhau los ua tus neeg siv tau - tsuav koj muaj 32 ETH. Qhov no yog ib qho ntawm lub ntsiab draws rau kev hloov mus rau pov thawj-ntawm-stake. Kev ua pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tshaj lij, kev paub thiab kho vajtse los teeb tsa, "Bart hais rau Cointelegraph.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, Komodo tus thawj coj thev naus laus zis Kadal Stadelman tsis zoo li qhov xav tau zoo txog Eth2. Stadelman hais rau Cointelegraph tias cov neeg tua neeg loj Ethereum tseem yuav vam meej txawm tias tom qab Kev Sib Koom Tes tshwm sim vim tias lawv muaj "qhov zoo ntawm cov nqi roj tsawg heev rau cov neeg siv kawg." Nws tau sau tseg tias "kev sib koom ua ke yav tom ntej yuav tsis txo cov nqi roj ntawm Ethereum. Nws tsuas yog hloov pauv li cas blocks raug tsim tawm, "nws hais, ntxiv:
"Kuv tsis xav tias Kev Sib Koom Tes ib leeg yuav ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm Ethereum-raws li cov haujlwm tshiab. Txog thaum Ethereum cov nqi roj raug txo kom tsawg, tej yaam num tej zaum yuav tau txais Ethereum txheej-2 kev daws teeb meem, tsis yog txheej-1. Qhov xwm txheej yuav tshwm sim ntau dua yog tias cov haujlwm tshiab yuav txuas ntxiv siv lwm txoj haujlwm blockchain uas muaj txheej txheej-1 scalability thiab Ethereum Virtual Machine / Solidity compatibility. "
Hais txog kev lees paub cov ntaub ntawv tom qab Kev Sib Koom Tes, John Letey, tus tsim ntawm KYVE, hais rau Cointelegraph tias "thaum ntau tus neeg tab tom saib ntau yam kev hloov pauv uas The Merge yuav coj, nws txhais li cas rau kev siv cov ntaub ntawv, thaum tseem ceeb, tsis tau ua. ib lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sib tham. "
Related: Puas yog New York State mus yuam kev hauv nws txoj kev nrhiav kev dag ntxias crypto?
Thaum Lub Merge tshwm sim, raws li Letey, cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm yuav tsis xav tau rau kev siv cov saw hlau. Qhov no txhais tau tias yuav tsis muaj kev txhawb siab rau cov nodes los nqa cov ntaub ntawv no nyob ib puag ncig. Yog li EIP-4444 yog yug, ib lub tswv yim los txiav cov ntaub ntawv laus dua ib xyoos. Nyob rau hauv lwm yam lus, tag nrho cov nodes thiab tej thaj chaw deb txheej txheem hu (RPC) endpoints yuav tsis muaj peev xwm mus sync los ntawm cov saw ncaj qha thiab yuav tsum tau cia siab rau centralized endpoints.
"Yog li ntawd, cov nodes tshiab yuav tsum tau txais lawv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm snapshot. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias cov kev pabcuam muab kev faib tawm tiag tiag rau kev siv tau thiab khaws cia yuav dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau cov haujlwm, tsis yog qhov kev xaiv nkaus xwb, "nws hais ntxiv.
Raws li cov teeb meem nrog qhov thib ob loj tshaj plaws blockchain nce, lub npe hu ua Ethereum Killers pom lub sijhawm. Piv txwv li, Ethereum's PoW ua haujlwm mechanism tuaj yeem ua haujlwm tsuas yog 15 TPS thaum lwm tus neeg sib tw tsom rau ntau txhiab kev lag luam ib ob.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, Ethereum 2.0 tau hais tias yog kev daws teeb meem ntau yam nrog Ethereum mainnet tam sim no. Thaum lub phiaj xwm xav tias yuav ua tiav rau xyoo tom ntej, cov zej zog crypto cia siab tias yuav muaj theem thib ob, The Merge lub quarter thib ob. Nws tseem yuav pom tias cov teeb meem no yuav daws tau zoo npaum li cas.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cointelegraph.com/news/the-birth-of-ethereum-killers-can-they-take-ethereum-s-throne