Crypto players tab tom tshawb nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev pom zoo rau qhov kev pom zoo ua pov thawj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm (PoW), uas yog ib feem ntawm qhov chaw crypto txij li nws cov hnub thaum ntxov. Ntawm cov kev xaiv nrov tshaj plaws yog Pov Thawj-of-Stake (PoS) kev pom zoo thiab nws cov kev hloov pauv. Phau ntawv qhia no yuav piav qhia txog cov pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg, nws cov ntsiab lus muaj zog, thiab qee qhov tsis zoo.
Thaum cryptocurrency thiab tag nrho nws cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb yog tsis muaj ntawv, mining tokens yog lub zog siv zog thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov tshuab ntse los daws cov algorithms nyuaj thiab paub meej tias txhua qhov kev hloov pauv. Nyob rau hauv cov qauv pov thawj-of-Work (PoW), uas tau siv txij li xyoo 2009, kev hloov pauv tau ntxiv rau ib qho tshwj xeeb blockchain network. Kev lees paub ntawm kev hloov pauv yuav tsum muaj cov khoos phis tawj siab heev los daws cov kev sib tw cryptographic.
Cov txheej txheem no muaj kev sib tw heev, muaj zog siv zog, thiab tawm hauv qab cov pa roj carbon ntau dhau. Tawm tsam qhov keeb kwm yav dhau no, ntau tus neeg ua si crypto tau hloov mus rau Cov Qauv Pov Thawj-ntawm-tus qauv ntawm kev lees paub kev lag luam cryptocurrency thiab mining tshiab tokens.
Pov Thawj-of-Stake (PoS) yog dab tsi?
Pov thawj-of-stake (PoS) yog lwm txoj kev pom zoo siv rau kev lees paub kev lag luam crypto thiab paub txog kev txo qis ntawm cov khoom siv suav nrog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv.
Yog li, tsis zoo li tus qauv pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm, PoS txoj hauv kev yog ib puag ncig zoo dua.
Vim li ntawd, tab sis kuj tseem muaj qhov muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv, Ethereum network tau teeb tsa los ua qhov kev hloov kho software loj txhawm rau txhawm rau txo lub zog xav tau rau kuv cov nyiaj npib tshiab thiab paub meej tias kev hloov pauv. Qhov kev hloov kho tshiab yog hu ua "Merge" thiab tau teeb tsa los hloov PoW qauv Ethereum tau siv txij li nws tsim.
Yuav ua li cas Pov Thawj-of-Stake ua haujlwm
Hauv crypto, ib qho kev pom zoo siv los ua kom raug thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ruaj ntseg. Txij li thaum cryptocurrency siv blockchain raws li nws cov ntaub ntawv, qhov kev pom zoo yuav tsum ruaj ntseg blockchain.
Tus qauv Pov Thawj-of-Stake tau txais lub tswv yim yooj yim: tsis yog siv lub zog mining, qhov txawv ntawm kev tsim ib qho thaiv thiab tau txais cov khoom plig cuam tshuam yog nyob ntawm tus neeg siv cov ceg txheem ntseeg hauv lub cev.
Piv txwv li, ib tus neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog X tus lej ntawm cov npib hauv kev ncig tuaj yeem tsim qhov thaiv tshiab nrog X qhov tshwm sim. Cov neeg siv nrog cov ceg txheem ntseeg siab tshaj plaws hauv qhov system yog cov nyiam tshaj plaws los tswj kev ruaj ntseg network. Qhov no yog vim lawv tuav qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm kev pheej hmoo yog tus nqi thiab lub koob npe nrov ntawm cryptocurrency raug kev txom nyem vim kev tawm tsam.
Cov neeg koom nrog, tseem hu ua validators, raug xaiv random raws li ntau yam, nrog rau cov nyiaj npib lawv tau kaw nyob rau hauv lub blockchain network. Cov txheej txheem no ntawm kev kaw cov nyiaj npib crypto hauv ib qho kev muab blockchain network yog hu ua crypto staking. Cov nyiaj npib kaw tau siv los ua khoom lag luam; txhua lub sij hawm tus neeg koom nrog validates ib tug lw, lawv tau txais nqi zog.
Ob peb validators yuav tsum pom zoo tias ib qho kev sib pauv yog qhov tseeb, nrog cov nodes txaus los xyuas nws ua ntej nws mus. Zuag qhia tag nrho, txoj hauv kev PoS muaj zog ntau dua li tus qauv PoW.
Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv PoS yooj yim zoo li lub vaj kaj siab rau qee tus. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv niaj hnub no ntawm qhov kev pom zoo no suav nrog txoj cai los tiv thaiv tib tus neeg koom tes los ntawm kev xaiv ob peb zaug ua ke, muab ntau txoj hauv kev rau lwm tus neeg koom.
Cov xwm txheej kom tsim nyog ua tus validator sib txawv ntawm ib qhov project mus rau lwm qhov. Hauv qee qhov, koj yuav tsum muaj ceg txheem ntseeg yam tsawg kawg nkaus; hauv ib co, koj muaj ib ceg txheem ntseeg ruaj. Piv txwv li, Ethereum's "stake" yog tsau ntawm 32 ETH.
Pov thawj-ntawm-Stake Variations
Niaj hnub no, PoS kev pom zoo mechanism muaj nyob rau hauv ntau hom. Nov yog tsib ntawm nws cov variations:
1. Pov thawj-ntawm-Stake (PoS)
Lub hauv paus Pov Thawj-of-Stake yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua qhov kev hloov pauv. Thawj Pov Thawj-of-Stake kev pom zoo mechanism tau tsim nyob rau hauv 2012. Cov qauv no siv cov neeg siv khoom siv los tsim thiab lees paub cov blocks ntawm kev lag luam los ntawm kev sib tw. Cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm Kev Pov Hwm-of-Stake yog lub zog ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab cov nqi qis dua.
2. Pure Proof-of-Stake (PPoS)
Qhov Kev Ua Pov Thawj-ntawm-Stake variation no siv cov neeg siv khoom xaiv los txheeb xyuas los txheeb xyuas cov blocks siv "xaiv cov noob" ib ntu. Cov validators raug xaiv tsis pub lwm tus paub raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov npib uas lawv tuaj yeem koom nrog. Algorand yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov blockchain nrov uas siv tus qauv Pure Proof-of-Stake.
3. Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS)
Qhov Kev Pov Thawj-ntawm-Stake variation no suav nrog kev tso cai lossis xaiv cov neeg pov npav raws li cov pov npav uas lawv tau txais los ntawm cov neeg muaj feem. Cov neeg koom nrog ntawm DPoS blockchain tuaj yeem xa lawv cov nyiaj mus rau cov neeg siv khoom thib peb uas tuaj yeem siv cov nyiaj los txhawb txoj hauv kev los tsim lossis lees paub qhov thaiv tshiab.
Cov neeg koom nrog pov npav rau cov neeg sib tw uas lawv ntseeg siab tshaj plaws. Qee qhov nrov blockchains siv Delegated Proof-of-Stake mechanism suav nrog EOS, TRON, thiab Steem, thiab lwm yam.
4. Hybrid Proof-of-Stake (HPoS)
Lub Hybrid Proof-of-Stake qauv embraces cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm ob qho tib si pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm thiab pov thawj-ntawm- ceg txheem ntseeg. Nws siv cov miners uas tsuas yog tsim cov blocks tshiab thiab tso lawv rau cov validators los xyuas. Kev sib xyaw PoW thiab PoS thaiv cov miners los ntawm tuav tag nrho cov hash fais fab hauv ib lub network.
5. Proof-of-Validation (PoV)
Qhov Kev Pov Thawj-of-Validation (PoV) variation yog ib qho kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua ntawm Proof-of-Stake mechanism. Nws tso cai rau txhua tus validator ntawm lub platform kom muaj ib daim qauv ntawm txhua qhov kev ua tiav. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus neeg lees paub muaj cov npe ntawm txhua tus neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam hauv lub network, txheeb xyuas los ntawm lawv qhov chaw nyob tseem ceeb ntawm pej xeem. Ob feem peb ntawm lub kaw lus validators yuav tsum pom zoo kom paub meej tias ib tug tshiab block.
Proof-of-Stake Advantages thiab Disadvantages
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij crypto thiab blockchain, Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj-of-Stake muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li Cov Qauv Pov Thawj-of-Work. Nws muab kev lag luam nrawm dua thiab muaj zog ntau dua. Nrog rau cov txiaj ntsig zoo no, Cov Qauv Pov Thawj-of-Stake txhawb nqa ntau dua blockchains, ua kom yooj yim rau cov neeg siv ntau los koom nrog cov tes hauj lwm.
Tsis tas li ntawd, tus qauv Pov Thawj-of-Stake tsim muaj cib fim kom tau txais crypto ntau dua. Nws tso cai rau cov neeg siv koom nrog lawv cov cuab tam crypto hauv lub pas dej ua kom tau nyiaj ntau dua li cov khoom plig rov qab los.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws feem ntau xav tias tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.
Hauv kev xaus, ntawm no yog nws qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo:
pros
- Tsis tshua muaj zog intensive;
- Muaj peev xwm nyiaj txiag ntau dua;
- Kev lag luam nrawm dua;
- Paub cov scalability.
cons
- Feem ntau suav hais tias muaj kev ruaj ntseg tsawg dua piv rau PoW;
- Nyob ntawm kev siv, nws tsis tshua muaj decentralized;
- Kev nkag-theem rau staking tuaj yeem siab heev;
- Qee qhov xwm txheej yuav ua rau muaj feem cuam tshuam.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Tau Nyiaj Staking Crypto
Hauv Cov Qauv Pov Thawj-of-Stake, cov neeg siv khoom siv tau, tseem hu ua "stakers," muab lawv cov khoom muaj nqis rau hauv daim ntawv cog lus ntse uas kos rau hauv blockchain. Lub blockchain algorithm xaiv cov neeg siv tau los txheeb xyuas txhua cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thaiv raws li pes tsawg npib lawv tau koom nrog thiab lwm yam.
Cov validators uas paub meej tias kev ua lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov nyiaj npib tshiab, tus nqi network, lossis ob qho tib si nyob ntawm qhov algorithm.
Validators uas txheeb xyuas tsuas yog kev lag luam zoo tuaj yeem khwv tau nyiaj ntau dua ntawm lawv cov cuab tam. Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug cai uas pom zoo muaj feem cuam tshuam kev lag luam uas tsis ua raws li lub network txoj cai tuaj yeem poob qee yam ntawm lawv cov cuab tam raws li kev nplua.
Tab sis feem ntau, cov khoom plig sib txawv ntawm ib lub platform mus rau lwm qhov nyob ntawm cov cai tswj hwm lub network. Cov khoom plig stakes kuj tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg siv tau koom nrog thiab qhov loj ntawm qhov khoom plig pas dej.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Pib Nrog Staking
Raws li cov kws tshaj lij, cov neeg tuav crypto tab tom nrhiav kom tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev sib tw tuaj yeem pib ntawm ntau yam kev sib pauv crypto es tsis txhob teeb tsa lawv tus kheej. Qhov no yog vim hais tias cov platforms muab staking khoom plig ntawm ntau lub npib, uas qhib tau ntau lub sijhawm rau tau txais khoom plig. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tswv crypto tuaj yeem tshawb nrhiav ntau txoj hauv kev, xws li DeFi qiv thiab staking-as-a-service platforms.
Pib ntawm kev sib pauv crypto yog yooj yim dua. Tom qab yuav npib, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau qhia txog kev sib pauv ntawm koj qhov kev txaus siab los koom nrog nws txoj haujlwm staking. Feem ntau, koj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau nws los ntawm tus neeg siv interface.
Tag nrho cov khoom plig tau txais yog tso ncaj qha rau koj tus account raws li cov cai tswj hwm ntawm kev sib pauv.
Mainstream crypto exchanges twb muab pov thawj-ntawm-stake npib thiab DeFi qiv nyiaj npib. Hauv DeFi qiv, cov neeg siv qiv nyiaj ruaj khov zoo li Tether (USDT) kom tau txais txiaj ntsig. Stablecoins tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm cov khoom muaj nqis tiag tiag xws li US duas, daim ntawv cog lus, lossis kub. Qhov no ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua li lwm cov cryptocurrencies xws li Bitcoin lossis Ethereum.
Qee qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev sib tw
Thaum nws muaj txoj hauv kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev khwv nyiaj crypto, crypto staking muaj nws cov kev tsis zoo:
- Volatility ntawm lub hauv paus cryptocurrency
- Qee qhov khoom plig muaj peev xwm yuav yog hyperinflationary
- Lub platform lossis cryptocurrency tuaj yeem raug nyiag
- Cov neeg siv yuav kaw lawv cov crypto rau lub sijhawm ntev
- Qee lub platform staking tsis ruaj ntseg thiab dag
Pov thawj-of-Stake Cryptocurrencies
Tam sim no, ze li ntawm 80 cryptocurrencies siv cov pov thawj-of-Stake mechanism. Qee cov nyiaj npib tseem ceeb uas siv lub tshuab muaj xws li:
Cardano
ADA cov tswv tuaj yeem kaw lawv cov cuab tam ntawm lub Cardano network thiab khwv tau khoom plig raws li qhov loj ntawm lawv cov ceg txheem ntseeg. Lub peev xwm los ua tus sawv cev lossis cog lus rau ceg txheem ntseeg nyob ntawm txoj cai tswj hwm ntawm Cardano network.
polkadot
Tsis ntev los no, lub polkadot staking dashboard tau launched, thiab nws twb tau hits nrog ntau txhiab tus tuaj xyuas txhua lub lim tiam. Lub platform tau hais kom cov neeg siv khoom siv tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm lub app tshiab kom sai li sai tau thiab sau nws lub peev xwm.
Ethereum
cov Ethereum platform tau ua stakeing txij li ntev ua ntej Merge. Txhawm rau pib, validators yuav tsum kaw tsawg kawg 32 ETH kom lawv tau txais khoom plig.
xaus
Thawj lub tswv yim tom qab Pov Thawj-of-Stake kev pom zoo mechanism yog txhawm rau txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm thiab txo qhov kev txhawj xeeb ntawm ib puag ncig kev ruaj ntseg uas tau pom nyob rau hauv Proof-of-Work raws tu qauv. Thaum lub tshuab PoW muaj kev nyab xeeb dua thiab muaj kev sib tw rau kev txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv, nws muaj zog ntau dua thiab ua rau muaj ntau yam kev txhawj xeeb ib puag ncig.
Daim Ntawv Pov Thawj-of-Stake raws tu qauv npaj los daws cov teeb meem no los ntawm kev hloov lub zog suav nrog staking. Lub network xaiv cov validators random los xyuas cov kev hloov pauv, ua rau txo qis hauv kev siv hluav taws xob ntau.
Ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv staking, tshiab thiab xws li cov tub ua lag luam crypto yuav tsum tau xav txog lwm yam kev ntsuas tseem ceeb xws li kev lag luam peev, kev lag luam keeb kwm, thiab cov txheej txheem nqi ntawm cov crypto lawv xaiv.
* Cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tsab xov xwm no thiab cov kev sib txuas tau muab yog rau cov ntaub ntawv dav dav nkaus xwb thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob suav nrog cov lus qhia txog nyiaj txiag lossis kev nqis peev. Peb qhia koj kom ua koj tus kheej kev tshawb fawb lossis sab laj nrog tus kws tshaj lij ua ntej txiav txim siab txog nyiaj txiag. Thov lees paub tias peb tsis muaj lub luag haujlwm rau ib qho kev poob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv lub vev xaib no.
Tau qhov twg los: https://coindoo.com/what-is-proof-of-stake/