Condensed matter theory physicist and quantum information expert Sankar Das Sarma tau sib cav nyob rau hauv MIT Technology Review tias quantum computers tseem nyob deb heev deb ntawm cracking RSA-based cryptography.
RSA-Cryptography siv cov algorithms, cov lej thiab cov yuam sij kom ruaj ntseg zais cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm peb tog lossis cov neeg ua phem phem xws li hackers. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm cov txheej txheem hauv crypto yog kev tsim lub hnab nyiaj tshiab uas tsim cov chaw nyob pej xeem thiab tus yuam sij ntiag tug.
Quantum kev ruaj ntseg yog pom yog qhov teeb meem loj hauv blockchain thiab crypto sector thiab nws yog dav ntseeg tias haib quantum computers yuav muaj ib hnub dhau los txaus txaus rau hack tam sim no cryptography. Qhov ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau tub sab nyiag ntau txhiab daus las tsim nyog ntawm cov cuab tam digital lossis coj blockchain tech mus rau kev sib tsoo. Muaj ntau ntau txoj haujlwm tau mob siab rau tsim quantum-proof cryptography thiab blockchains.
Sarma tam sim no ua tus thawj coj ntawm University of Maryland's condensed matter theory center thiab sau tseg nws xav ua ntej lub lim tiam no ntawm Technology Review.
Tus kws kho mob tau hais tias nws tau "kev cuam tshuam los ntawm qee qhov quantum suav hype kuv pom hnub no" thiab nyiam lub xeev tam sim no ntawm thev naus laus zis ua "kev ua tiav kev tshawb fawb zoo kawg nkaus." Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav coj peb "tsis muaj nyob ze rau muaj lub computer quantum uas tuaj yeem daws teeb meem uas ib tus neeg mob siab txog."
"Nws zoo ib yam li sim ua niaj hnub zoo tshaj plaws smartphones siv lub tshuab nqus tsev vacuum los ntawm thaum ntxov 1900s."
Tus kws kho mob tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv uas "quantum computer tuaj yeem daws qhov teeb meem nyuaj ntawm kev nrhiav qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov lej loj tshaj plaws sai dua li txhua cov txheej txheem classical," tab sis cracking cryptography yog tam sim no zoo dhau qhov kev nkag siab ntawm kev suav tam sim no.
Sarma tau taw qhia rau "qubits" uas yog quantum khoom zoo li lub tshuab hluav taws xob lossis photon uas ua kom muaj peev xwm txhim kho ntawm quantum computer:
"Cov khoos phis tawj quantum siab tshaj plaws niaj hnub no muaj ntau ntau ntawm decohering (lossis "tsis nrov") lub cev qubits. Tsim kom muaj lub khoos phis tawj quantum uas tuaj yeem tawg RSA cov lej tawm ntawm cov khoom siv no yuav xav tau ntau lab yog tias tsis yog ntau lab qubits. "
"Tsuas yog kaum tawm txhiab tus ntawm cov no yuav raug siv rau kev suav - thiaj li hu ua logical qubits; tus so yuav xav tau rau kev kho qhov yuam kev, them nyiaj rau decoherence, "nws hais ntxiv.
Thaum Sarma tsis kam mloog lub tswb nrov cryptographic, nws tau sau tseg tias lub khoos phis tawj quantum tiag tiag yuav "muaj cov ntawv thov tsis xav txog hnub no." Qhov no yog tib yam uas tsis muaj leej twg tuaj yeem kwv yees tias thawj transistor ua rau xyoo 1947 yuav ua rau lub laptops thiab smartphones ntawm lub sijhawm no.
"Kuv yog txhua tus rau kev cia siab thiab yog ib tus neeg ntseeg loj hauv quantum xam raws li lub peev xwm cuam tshuam txog kev siv tshuab, tab sis hais tias nws yuav pib tsim ntau lab nyiaj tau los rau cov tuam txhab muag cov kev pabcuam lossis cov khoom lag luam yav tom ntej yog qhov nyuaj rau kuv, ”nws hais tias,
Txawm hais tias muaj kev phom sij yog qee txoj kev tawm, ntau lub tuam txhab twb tau siv zog los txhawb kev ruaj ntseg quantum. Cointelegraph tau tshaj tawm lub hli tas los tias Tebchaws Meskas lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag loj JP Morgan nthuav tawm kev tshawb fawb txog quantum tseem ceeb faib blockchain network uas yog resistant rau quantum xam tawm tsam.
Xx labs pib ib qho blockchain nws thov yog "quantum-resistant thiab kev ceev ntiag tug-tsim blockchain ecosystem."
Tau qhov twg los: https://cointelegraph.com/news/quantum-computers-are-years-away-from-cracking-crypto-mit-tech-review