Txhua lub hauv paus system, xws li cov ntaub ntawv uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog kev sib yuav daim ntawv tso cai nyob rau hauv ib cheeb tsam, yuav tsum muaj tus thawj coj hauv nruab nrab nrog txoj cai tswj hwm thiab khaws cov ntaub ntawv. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm lub hauv paus tswj hwm, uas yog lub luag haujlwm thaum kawg ntawm kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv raug, ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv, xws li ntxiv, tshem tawm, lossis hloov kho cov npe ntawm cov neeg uas tau ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau qee qhov kev tso cai.
Public blockchains uas yog decentralized thiab tswj nws tus kheej tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ntawm lub ntiaj teb tsis muaj lub hauv paus tswj hwm. Ntau tus neeg pab txhawb rau lawv los ntawm kev pab kom muaj tseeb thiab pov thawj blockchain-raws li kev lag luam los ntawm block mining.
Blockchain pom zoo algorithm
Blockchain thev naus laus zis tau hloov pauv sai ntawm txoj kev peb cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev nyiaj txiag. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb uas ua rau blockchain systems txhim khu kev qha thiab ruaj ntseg yog qhov kev pom zoo algorithm. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb xyuas qhov kev pom zoo ntawm blockchain algorithm yog dab tsi thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas.
Ib qho kev pom zoo algorithm yog ib txheej ntawm cov cai uas tau ua raws los ntawm txhua tus neeg koom nrog hauv lub network blockchain kom muaj kev pom zoo ntawm lub xeev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib koom. Nws yog lub tshuab ua kom ntseeg tau tias tag nrho cov nodes hauv lub network muaj tib qhov kev pom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov kev hloov pauv tau siv tau thiab ntxiv rau blockchain hauv kev nyab xeeb thiab kev faib tawm.
Hom ntawm blockchain pom zoo algorithm
Blockchain pom zoo algorithms muaj keeb kwm ntev thiab ntau yam. Lub incarnation ntxov tshaj plaws ntawm cov pov thawj-ntawm-ua hauj lwm (PoW) tau siv los ruaj ntseg Bitcoin, nrog Satoshi Nakamoto qhia lub tswv yim hauv 2008. Lwm qhov kev pom zoo algorithms xws li Proof-of-Stake (PoS) thiab Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS) tau tshwm sim, muab lwm txoj hauv kev rau PoW. Txhua qhov ntawm cov algorithms no muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov neeg tsim khoom muaj ntau yam kev xaiv thaum xaiv qhov kev pom zoo rau lawv cov blockchain. Thaum kawg, txhua qhov kev pom zoo algorithm yog qhov tshwj xeeb rau lub network uas siv nws, thiab xaiv qhov zoo tuaj yeem muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau ob qho tib si ceev thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub network cryptocurrency. Qee qhov feem ntau siv kev pom zoo algorithms suav nrog:
-Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm kev ua haujlwm (PoW)
- Pov thawj-ntawm-Stake (PoS)
-Delegated Proof-of-Stake (DPoS)
-Cov pov thawj ntawm keeb kwm (PoH)
- Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT)
-Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG)
Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW)
Pov thawj-of-Work yog ib qho kev pom zoo algorithm uas yog thawj zaug qhia nrog cov creation ntawm Bitcoin nyob rau hauv 2009. Nws yog tsim los ua computationally intensive, yuav tsum nodes los ua complex lej xam nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav validate muas thiab ntxiv rau cov blockchain. Thawj qhov los daws qhov kev suav thiab nrhiav qhov tseeb yog muab khoom plig nrog qee tus lej ntawm tokens lossis cryptocurrency.
Cov kev suav ua haujlwm uas ua los ntawm cov nodes yog hu ua mining. Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov mining pab kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub network los ntawm kev ua rau nws nyuaj rau ib leeg los tswj cov ntaub ntawv ntawm blockchain. Lub tswv yim tom qab Pov Thawj-ntawm-Kev Ua Haujlwm yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntau dua uas tau ntxiv rau hauv lub network, qhov kev nyab xeeb ntau dua.
Pov thawj-of-Work yog ib qho kev pom zoo heev thiab txhim khu kev qha algorithm, tab sis nws muaj ob peb qhov tsis zoo. Nws yuav tsum muaj kev suav ntau lub zog thiab lub zog, uas tuaj yeem ua rau kim thiab kev puas tsuaj ib puag ncig. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov txheej txheem ntawm cov mining tuaj yeem ua haujlwm qeeb thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig, ua rau lub sijhawm ua lag luam qeeb thiab nce nqi. Cryptocurrencies uas siv PoW suav nrog Bitcoin (BTC), Dogecoin (DOGE), Litecoin (LTC), Monero (XMR), thiab Zcash (ZEC).
Ntawv pov thawj-ntawm-Stake (PoS)
Pov Thawj-of-Stake yog qhov kev pom zoo tshiab algorithm uas tau tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv Kev Pov Thawj-ntawm-Kev Ua Haujlwm. Es tsis txhob xav tau cov nodes los ua cov kev suav ua nyuaj, Pov Thawj-of-Stake cia siab rau cov nodes tuav ib qho nyiaj ntawm tokens lossis cryptocurrency li collateral. Qhov no collateral yog siv los validate muas thiab ntxiv lawv mus rau lub blockchain.
Cov txheej txheem validation nyob rau hauv Proof-of-Stake yog sai npaum li cas thiab ntau zog-npaum li Proof-of-Work. Nodes raug xaiv los xaiv kom siv tau cov kev hloov pauv, thiab ntau lub tokens uas lawv tuav, qhov siab dua qhov lawv yuav raug xaiv. Qhov no incentivizes nodes tuav ntau tokens thiab tswj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub network.
Pov thawj-of-Stake yog ib qho kev cog lus rau Kev Pov Hwm-ntawm-Kev Ua Haujlwm, tab sis nws tsis yog tsis muaj nws tus kheej qhov tsis zoo. Qee cov neeg sib cav hais tias nws tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li Pov Thawj-of-Work, vim tias cov txheej txheem kev lees paub tsis zoo li kev faib tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj qhov ua tau ntawm ib qho chaw tuav ib feem pua ntawm cov tokens, uas tuaj yeem ua rau lub hauv paus ntawm lub network. Qee cov cryptocurrencies uas siv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg yog Ethereum (ETH), Tezos (XTZ), EOS (EOS), thiab Cardano (ADA).
Sawv Cev Pov Thawj-Pov Thawj Pov Thawj Hwj (DPoS)
Delegated Proof-of-Stake yog ib qho txawv ntawm Pov Thawj-of-Stake uas tau tsim los daws qee qhov teeb meem cuam tshuam nrog tus qauv Proof-of-Stake algorithm. Hauv DPoS, cov nodes raug xaiv kom siv tau cov kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv rau hauv blockchain raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov pov npav uas lawv tau txais los ntawm lwm cov ntawm hauv lub network. Lub tswv yim tom qab DPoS yog tias cov nodes nrog cov neeg pov npav feem ntau yog cov neeg ntseeg siab tshaj plaws thiab ntseeg tau, thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum yog cov muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev lees paub kev lag luam.
DPoS yog qhov kev pom zoo sai thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, vim nws tsuas yog xav tau qee tus ntawm cov nodes kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam. Txawm li cas los xij, nws kuj tseem suav tias tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li Pov Thawj-ntawm-Kev Ua Haujlwm lossis Pov Thawj-ntawm-Stake, vim tias kev xaiv ntawm cov ntawv pov thawj yog nyob ntawm tus naj npawb ntawm cov pov npav uas lawv tau txais, es tsis yog ntawm cov lej ntawm lub zog lossis cov tokens uas lawv tau txais. tuav. Qee qhov DPoS cryptos yog Tron (TRX), EOS (EOS), thiab Steem (STEEM)
Pov thawj-ntawm-keeb kwm (PoH)
Pov Thawj-of-History (PoH) yog ib qho kev pom zoo algorithm uas nrhiav kev los muab lwm txoj hauv kev rau kev siv thev naus laus zis blockchain. Los ntawm kev koom nrog lub sijhawm nws tus kheej rau hauv blockchain, Pov Thawj-of-History (PoH) yog ib qho kev pom zoo uas txo cov nra ntawm lub network nodes thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm thaiv. Nodes muaj lawv lub moos sab hauv, uas yog siv los siv sijhawm thiab xwm txheej. Pov thawj-of-History tseem nyob rau hauv nws cov theem pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob, thiab nws tseem tsis tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam cryptocurrency. Cov pov thawj ntawm keeb kwm algorithm tsuas yog siv rau ntawm Solana blockchain. Vim li no, lub network yog qhov loj heev, tuav txog 60,000 kev lag luam ib ob.
Byzantine Txhaum kam rau ua (BFT)
BFT kev pom zoo algorithms yog tsim los kom ncav cuag kev pom zoo hauv lub network blockchain txawm tias qee cov nodes tsis ntseeg lossis ua phem. Lawv feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tso cai blockchain tes hauj lwm, qhov twg tag nrho cov nodes paub thiab ntseeg, as opposed to public blockchain networks uas nodes yog anonymous thiab tsis ntseeg.
Qhov nrov tshaj plaws BFT pom zoo algorithm yog hu ua Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT). PBFT ua haujlwm los ntawm kev muaj tus thawj coj ntawm lub npe, hu ua thawj, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev sau thiab tshaj tawm kev lag luam rau tag nrho lwm cov ntawm hauv lub network. Txhua qhov ntawm lub network txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv thiab xa lus mus rau thawj zaug kom pom zoo lossis tsis lees txais cov kev hloov pauv. Thaum ntau tshaj li ob feem peb ntawm cov nodes tau pom zoo cov kev lag luam, thawj zaug tuaj yeem ntxiv cov kev hloov pauv mus rau blockchain.
Pov thawj-ntawm-tseem ceeb
Cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yog ib txoj hauv kev rau kev lees paub qhov kev pab cuam rau lub network cryptocurrency thiab tau txais txoj cai los tsim cov blocks tshiab. Ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm PoI tshaj lwm qhov kev pom zoo algorithms yog tias nws tso cai rau kev faib khoom sib npaug ntawm cov khoom plig hauv lub network. Tsis zoo li PoW, uas muab khoom plig rau ntawm lawv cov kev suav lub zog nkaus xwb, lossis PoS, uas muab khoom plig rau ntawm cov lej ntawm cov tokens lawv tuav, PoI suav nrog ntau yam uas ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub network. .
Vim li cas cryptocurrencies siv cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo
Cryptocurrencies xav tau kev pom zoo algorithms los xyuas kom meej tias lub network muaj kev ruaj ntseg, txhim khu kev qha, thiab ntseeg tau. Kev pom zoo algorithms tso cai rau lub network nodes pom zoo rau kev siv tau ntawm kev hloov pauv, kom ntseeg tau tias txhua tus neeg koom nrog kev pom zoo txog lub xeev ntawm blockchain. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv kev siv nyiaj ob npaug, kev ua phem, thiab lwm yam teeb meem kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm lub network cryptocurrency. Nws tseem ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev hloov pauv tau ua tiav sai thiab ua tau zoo yog li lawv tuaj yeem lees paub raws sijhawm. Thaum kawg, kev pom zoo algorithms pab txhawb cov neeg siv kom nyob twj ywm hauv lub network los ntawm kev muab khoom plig rau kev lees paub kev lag luam lossis tswj lawv cov nodes.
Bottomline
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, blockchain pom zoo algorithm yog lub hauv paus ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis, muab lub hauv paus ntawm kev ntseeg siab thiab kev ruaj ntseg raws li tag nrho blockchain ecosystem tau tsim. Nws yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam, tsim cov blocks tshiab, thiab tswj kev pom zoo ntawm cov nodes hauv network. Nrog rau nws qhov kev faib tawm thiab tsis muaj pov thawj, qhov kev pom zoo algorithm muab kev ntseeg siab thiab kev pom tseeb rau cov neeg siv ntawm blockchain. Kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm blockchain kev pom zoo algorithms txuas ntxiv mus, raws li cov neeg tsim khoom nrhiav los tsim cov algorithms uas muaj zog ntau dua, ua kom muaj zog, thiab ruaj ntseg. Nws yog ib qho kev hloov mus tas li, yog li peb tuaj yeem cia siab tias yuav pom ntau qhov kev vam meej hauv xyoo tom ntej.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.cryptopolitan.com/what-is-a-blockchain-consensus-algorithm/