Blockchain Kev pom zoo yog hais txog qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov neeg koom hauv lub network blockchain ntawm lub xeev tam sim no ntawm blockchain. Qhov kev pom zoo no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis thiab yog lub hauv paus rau kev ntseeg siab hauv lub network.
Muaj ntau ntau hom kev pom zoo algorithms siv hauv blockchain thev naus laus zis, txhua tus nrog nws cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab kev lag luam tawm. Cia peb saib ntawm qhov feem ntau siv cov kev pom zoo algorithms thiab piav qhia tias dab tsi ua rau lawv txhua tus tshwj xeeb.
Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW)
Pov thawj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm yog thawj qhov kev pom zoo algorithm siv hauv blockchain thev naus laus zis, thawj zaug siv hauv Bitcoin blockchain. Hauv PoW, cov neeg koom nrog sib tw los daws qhov nyuaj ua lej puzzle, thiab thawj tus los daws nws tau tso cai ntxiv qhov txuas ntxiv mus rau blockchain. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua mining, thiab cov miner tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog qee tus lej tokens rau lawv cov kev siv zog.
Zoo:
• PoW muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tau raug pov thawj tias yog ib qho kev pom zoo uas ntseeg tau ntau xyoo.
• Nws tiv taus 51% kev tawm tsam, qhov twg ib qho chaw tswj hwm ntau dua 50% ntawm lub zog mining thiab tuaj yeem tswj hwm lub blockchain.
tsis zoo:
• PoW yog lub zog siv hluav taws xob ntau thiab yuav tsum tau siv hluav taws xob ntau, ua rau muaj cov pa roj carbon ntau thiab cov nqi siab rau cov miners.
• Lub network tuaj yeem ua rau qeeb thiab congested, ua rau cov nqi lag luam siab thiab lub sijhawm lees paub qeeb.
Ntawv pov thawj ntawm Ceg Txheem (PoS)
Pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (PoS) yog ib tug revolutionary consensus mechanism uas tso cai rau ib tug blockchain network kom ncav cuag ib tug kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam yam tsis tas yuav muaj kev siv zog siv zog. Xav tias nws yog ib txoj hauv kev ncaj ncees thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau Kev Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW). Hauv PoS, validators raug xaiv los ua pov thawj kev lag luam raws li tus nqi ntawm cov ceg txheem ntseeg uas lawv tuav hauv lub network. Cov ceg txheem ntseeg ntau tus neeg muaj cai muaj, qhov ntau dua qhov muaj feem ntawm lawv raug xaiv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig ntawm kev lag luam. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias, tsis zoo li PoW, qhov kev siv tau raws li kev suav lub zog, hauv PoS validation yog raws li kev ua tswv cuab.
zoo
• PoS muaj zog ntau dua li PoW, txo cov pa roj carbon hneev taw thiab cov nqi rau cov neeg koom.
• Kev ua lag luam tau ua tiav sai dua thiab tus nqi qis dua piv rau PoW.
tsis zoo
• PoS yog qhov yooj yim rau "Tsis muaj dab tsi ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg" kev tawm tsam, qhov uas cov neeg ua pov thawj tsis muaj kev txhawb siab los ua ncaj ncees vim lawv tsis sawv los poob ib yam dab tsi los ntawm kev koom nrog kev tawm tsam.
• Nws kuj tseem muaj feem cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab, qhov twg ib pab pawg me ntawm cov neeg tuaj koom tswj ib feem loj ntawm cov koom nrog tokens thiab yog li muaj kev tswj xyuas tseem ceeb hauv lub network.
Cov Ncauj Lus Txog Cov Ncauj Lus (DPoS)
Delegated pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (DPoS) yog ib tug variation ntawm pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (PoS) kev pom zoo mechanism uas yog siv nyob rau hauv ib co blockchain networks. Hauv DPoS cov txheej txheem, cov neeg tuav cov token pov npav rau cov neeg sawv cev tsawg tsawg, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev lees paub kev lag luam thiab ntxiv cov blocks tshiab rau blockchain.
zoo
• DPoS nrawm dua thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo dua li PoW thiab PoS, nrog rau cov sijhawm ua lag luam ntsuas hauv vib nas this.
• Nws yog kev ywj pheej ntau dua li PoS, raws li cov pov thawj raug xaiv los ntawm cov neeg muaj feem cuam tshuam, ua rau lub network muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua.
tsis zoo
• Nws tseem muaj kev cuam tshuam rau hauv nruab nrab, vim cov neeg tim khawv tuaj yeem tsim cov cartels thiab sib koom ua ke los tswj lub network.
• DPoS tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev censorship, vim cov neeg tim khawv muaj lub zog los thaiv kev lag luam, ua rau muaj peev xwm censorship ntawm lub network.
Byzantine Txhaum kam rau ua (BFT)
Byzantine Fault Tolerance (BFT) yog ib lo lus siv hauv kev faib khoom los piav txog lub peev xwm ntawm lub cev ua haujlwm kom raug txawm tias qee qhov ntawm nws cov khoom tsis raug lossis cuam tshuam. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis, BFT hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm blockchain network kom ncav cuag qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam txawm tias qee qhov ntawm nws cov nodes tau ua phem lossis ua tsis tiav.
Muaj ntau ntau qhov sib txawv algorithms uas tuaj yeem siv los ua kom tiav BFT hauv blockchain network, suav nrog Kev Ua Haujlwm Byzantine Fault Tolerance (PBFT) thiab Delegated Byzantine Fault Tolerance (DBFT). Cov algorithms siv ntau yam txuj ci, xws li kev pov npav thiab rov ua dua, kom ncav cuag qhov kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam txawm tias muaj qhov tsis raug lossis cuam tshuam.
zoo
• BFT yog ceev thiab ua tau zoo, nrog rau kev hloov pauv tau lees paub hauv lub sijhawm.
• Nws muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab ua haujlwm zoo, vim nws tuaj yeem zam qhov tsis ua haujlwm txog li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg koom nrog hauv lub network thiab tseem muaj kev pom zoo.
tsis zoo
• BFT tsuas yog tsim nyog rau kev tso cai blockchain networks, vim tias txhua tus neeg koom yuav tsum paub thiab ntseeg tau.
• Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau censorship, vim cov neeg koom nrog lub zog pov npav tseem ceeb tuaj yeem thaiv kev lag luam thiab tswj xyuas lub network.
Lwm yam nrov blockchain pom zoo mechanisms suav nrog:
Pov thawj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm (PoA)
Pov Thawj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm (PoA) yog ib qho kev pom zoo sib koom ua ke uas sib txuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW) thiab Pov Thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg (PoS) kom ruaj ntseg blockchain network. Hauv PoA, cov blocks yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm mining (PoW) thiab validation los ntawm stakers (PoS). Lub PoW ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem cuam tshuam nrog cov miners daws teeb meem kev ua lej nyuaj kom siv tau cov kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv rau hauv blockchain. Qhov PoS feem cuam tshuam nrog cov neeg koom nrog, uas tuav qee tus lej ntawm lub network tokens, lees paub cov blocks uas tsim los ntawm cov miners.
Pov thawj ntawm qhov tseem ceeb (PoI)
Pov thawj ntawm Qhov Tseem Ceeb (PoI) yog ib qho kev pom zoo siv hauv qee qhov blockchain tes hauj lwm los txiav txim siab seb cov nodes twg muaj cai rau kev lees paub kev lag luam thiab ntxiv rau hauv blockchain. Tsis zoo li Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW) thiab Pov Thawj ntawm Stake (PoS), PoI txiav txim siab tsis yog tsuas yog suav lub hwj chim lossis kev tuav pov hwm tus lej xwb tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm yam uas qhia tau hais tias muaj qhov tseem ceeb rau lub network. Hauv PoI, txhua lub node tau muab cov qhab nia tseem ceeb, uas yuav siv rau hauv ntau yam xws li tus lej ntawm cov tokens tuav los ntawm node, zaus thiab tus nqi ntawm kev hloov pauv los ntawm lub node, thiab tag nrho cov haujlwm hauv network. Cov nodes nrog cov qhab nia tseem ceeb dua yuav raug xaiv kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam thiab ntxiv cov blocks rau blockchain.
Pov thawj ntawm Peev Xwm (PoC)
Pov thawj ntawm Peev Xwm (PoC) yog ib qho kev pom zoo siv nyob rau hauv ib co blockchain tes hauj lwm kom validate muas thiab ntxiv lawv mus rau lub blockchain. Tsis zoo li Cov Ntawv Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm (PoW) thiab Pov Thawj ntawm Stake (PoS), uas tso siab rau kev suav lub zog thiab cov token tuav, raws li, PoC siv qhov chaw ntawm lub hard drive los txiav txim siab nws lub peev xwm los siv cov kev hloov pauv. Qhov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb ntawm PoC yog tias nws txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob piv rau PoW, vim nws tso siab rau kev khaws cia ntau dua li kev siv hluav taws xob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tseem ua rau PoC muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau hauv nruab nrab, vim cov nodes nrog lub peev xwm loj dua tuaj yeem muaj qhov zoo dua cov nodes me.
Pov thawj ntawm Burn (PoB)
Pov thawj ntawm Burn (PoB) yog ib qho kev pom zoo siv hauv qee qhov blockchain tes hauj lwm kom siv tau cov kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv rau hauv blockchain. Hauv PoB, cov nodes "hluav taws" lossis rhuav tshem qee yam ntawm cov tokens, tshem tawm lawv los ntawm kev ncig, txhawm rau ua kom pom lawv txoj kev cog lus rau lub network thiab nce lawv txoj hauv kev xaiv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam. Lub tswv yim tom qab PoB yog cov nodes uas txaus siab txi lawv cov tokens kom ruaj ntseg hauv lub network muaj feem ntau ua ncaj ncees thiab ntseeg tau. Thaum ib lub pob hlawv tokens, nws tau txais ib feem ntawm "lub zog mining," uas txiav txim siab nws txoj hauv kev raug xaiv los ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam thiab ntxiv cov blocks rau blockchain.
Bottomline
Lub tswv yim ntawm kev pom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua qhov system blockchain. Cov txheej txheem kev pom zoo ntau yam, xws li Pov Thawj Ua Haujlwm, Pov Thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg, Cov ntawv pov thawj ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg, thiab lwm yam, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg, kev faib tawm, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm blockchain network. Txhua qhov kev pom zoo mechanism muaj nws tus kheej tshwj xeeb thiab kev lag luam tawm, ua rau nws tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv kom ua tib zoo ntsuas lawv cov kev xaiv ua ntej xaiv qhov tsim nyog rau lawv cov kev xav tau. Nrog rau kev hloov pauv tsis tu ncua ntawm blockchain thev naus laus zis, nws zoo li qhov tshiab thiab txhim kho cov kev pom zoo yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej, ntxiv kev nthuav dav ntxiv rau cov txheej txheem decentralized.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.cryptopolitan.com/explained-types-of-blockchain-consensus/