Lub hli tas los no yog hnub tseem ceeb 30 xyoo ntawm kev tshaj tawm ntawm Neal Stephenson's science ntawv tseeb tshiab Los daus tsoo. Nrog nws lub zeem muag dystopian, rollicking prose thiab futuristic renderings ntawm txhua yam ntawm social media networks mus rau virtual pab thiab txawm lwm cov txiaj ntsig - Bitcoin tsis tau tshaj tawm rau lwm 17 xyoo - kev ua hauj lwm sai sai no tiav iconic stature nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no tech. Bill Gates, Jeff Bezos thiab Jack Dorsey yog cov neeg qhuas, thaum Google co-founder Sergey Brin hu ua Los daus tsoo ib ntawm ob phau ntawv uas hloov nws lub neej.
Hauv lub ntiaj teb tseem ceeb, Time magazine cov neeg thuam tshaj tawm hais tias Nws yog ib qho ntawm "100 qhov zoo tshaj plaws lus Askiv zoo tshaj tawm tshiab txij li xyoo 1923."
Cov ntawv tshiab kuj suav nrog thawj qhov kev nthuav qhia paub txog "Metaverse" nrog rau tag nrho nws qhov kev nyiam thiab kev ua si hauv internet. Raws li Stephenson tau sau txog nws tus neeg ua yeeb yam, Hiro, uas nyob hauv 20-by-30 qhov chaw cia khoom:
“Hiro yeej tsis nyob ntawm no kiag li. Nws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb uas tsim los ntawm lub computer uas nws lub computer tau kos rau ntawm nws lub tsom iav thiab tso rau hauv nws lub pob ntseg. Nyob rau hauv lub lingo, qhov xav txog qhov chaw no hu ua Metaverse. Hiro siv sijhawm ntau hauv Metaverse. Nws ntaus lub shit tawm ntawm U-Stor-Nws. "
Tsis ntev los no, Stephenson coj nws cov txuj ci muaj tswv yim rau lub ntiaj teb blockchain, koom tes nrog venture capitalist thiab Bitcoin Foundation co-founder Peter Vessenes nyob rau hauv ib qhov project los tsim ib tug tshiab "metaverse thawj," txheej-1 blockchain network. Lub lim tiam dhau los, Stephenson thiab Vessene zaum nrog Cointelegraph tham txog lawv txoj haujlwm, Lamina1 - lamina txhais tau tias "txheej" hauv Latin - nrog rau Metaverse thiab blockchain ntiaj teb feem ntau.
Cointelegraph: Peter, koj tau hais tias koj xav txog Lamina1 ua ib hom "pem hauv paus rau Qhib Metaverse: qhov chaw los tsim ib yam dab tsi los ze zog rau Neal lub zeem muag - ib qho uas tsim nyog rau cov neeg tsim." Koj kuj tham txog kev ntiav "tus tsim kev lag luam" hauv kev tsim koj lub network tshiab blockchain. Koj txhais li cas?
Peter Vessene: Peb tab tom tsim nws rau hauv cov tshuab mining, qhov twg cov nodes yeej yuav muab nqi zog rau cov neeg uas tsim cov ntsiab lus. Peb tab tom hu nws ua pov thawj ntawm kev koom ua ke. Yog tias koj ua cov khoom digital thiab lawv tau siv los ntawm Lamina1 cov neeg koom hauv kev ua si, lub kaw lus yuav ncaj qha mint koj tokens.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, peb tab tom nrhiav ua tej yam nrog Lamina1 uas mus dhau ntawm tsuas yog ua cov ntawv cog lus ntse thiab tshaj tawm rau ntawm txheej-2 saw ntawm qhov chaw. Metaverse muaj nws tus kheej cov cai thiab cov kev xav tau, xws li cov khoom siv digital ruaj khov rau tag nrho 3D qauv. Yog li peb xav tau qee yam tshaj li khaws cia JPG ntawm IPFS [InterPlanetary File System].
TC: Neal, hauv tshooj ob ntawm Los daus tsoo, koj tus protagonist tau tsav nws lub tsheb thauj khoom pizza mus rau hauv qab ntawm lub pas dej da dej. Tus skateboarder ua siab dav muab xa nws cov pizza rau nws, uas nws pom zoo thaum muab nws daim npav:
“Nyob rau tom qab yog gibberish piav qhia yuav ua li cas nws thiaj hu tau: tus xov tooj. universal voice phone locator code. Ib PO box. Nws qhov chaw nyob ntawm ib nrab kaum ob lub xov tooj hluav taws xob sib txuas lus. Thiab qhov chaw nyob hauv Metaverse. 'Lub npe ruam,' nws hais tias, thawb daim npav rau hauv ib puas lub hnab me me ntawm nws daim npog. "
Raws li koj paub, qhov no puas yog thawj zaug siv rau "Metaverse?"
Neal Stephenson: Cia kuv teb qhov ntawd los ntawm kev qhia ib zaj dab neeg. "Avatar," hauv nws txoj kev xav tam sim no, yog ib lo lus uas kuv tau los ntawm nws tus kheej hauv kev sau phau ntawv ntawd, thiab ob peb xyoos, kuv xav tias kuv yog thawj tus neeg uas tau siv nws li ntawd. Tab sis, tom qab ntawd kuv pom tias muaj qee tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm ib qhov haujlwm hu ua Habitat uas tau ua tiav qhov kev siv tib yam ntawm nws ob peb xyoos ua ntej kuv ua. Cov txiv neej, rau lawv cov credit, tag nrho nkag siab tias nws yog ib qho nyiaj npib ywj pheej. Kuv tseem yog phooj ywg nrog cov yawg.
Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm "Metaverse," uas tsis tau tshwm sim. Tsis muaj leej twg tuaj cuag kuv thiab hais tias, "Hav, Neal, Kuv tau siv Metaverse xyoo 1987, lossis qee yam zoo li ntawd." Tsis txhob hais tsis tau, tau kawg, tab sis yeej muaj cov neeg uas saib cov khoom no. Kuv tau txais kev sib cuag los ntawm Oxford English Dictionary ob peb xyoos dhau los. Nws yog rau "Anglosphere," ib lo lus uas kuv siv nyob rau hauv Pob Zeb Hnub nyoog qhov twg kuv tham txog cov kab lis kev cai hais lus Askiv thiab lub teb chaws ntawm lub ntiaj teb no. Tus nom no tau hais tias, "Raws li peb tuaj yeem qhia tau, koj yog thawj tus siv lo lus ntawd? Koj puas paub txog kev siv yav dhau los? Kuv hais tias kuv tsis tau.
CT: Ntau qhov tseem ceeb tech-world cov duab tau cuam tshuam los ntawm Los daus tsoo thiab koj lwm cov dab neeg. Cov kws sau ntawv dab tsi cuam tshuam rau koj?
Kuv pib nyeem ntau yam kev xav thiab kev tshawb fawb, tab sis thaum kawg kuv tau tham txog kev nyeem ntawv "tiag tiag" los ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv Askiv zoo heev, cov phau ntawv zoo li Moby Dick, uas yog qhov xwm txheej yog phau ntawv vwm - nrog rau tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nerdy. ntawm ib tug nyuaj science ntawv tseeb, thiab kuj yog ib tug speculative keeb rau nws.
Tsis ntev los no: Texas ib Bitcoin 'kub qhov chaw' txawm tias cua sov nthwv dej cuam tshuam rau crypto miners
Tom qab ntawd muaj ib lub sijhawm nyob rau xyoo 1970s thiab 1980s thaum tib neeg tau sau cov lus no txawv tshaj plaw uas tau thov rau kuv - Tom Wolfe thiab Hunter S. Thompson, piv txwv li. Lub sijhawm Big Bang rau kuv, txawm li cas los xij, yog kev tshaj tawm ntawm Neuromancer nyob rau hauv 1984.
Neuromancer yog ib tug science ntawv tseeb tshiab, tab sis los ntawm thawj kab lus, nws kuj yog zoo sau ntawv. Thiab nws tsis yog hom kev sau ntawv highfalutin, tab sis zoo li cov khoom kuv tau tham txog ib feeb dhau los, New Journalism txav, koj paub, cov duab zoo nkauj. Yog li, qhov ntawd yog lub sijhawm thaum kuv hais tias, "Auj, kuv tsis paub tias koj tau tso cai ua li ntawd."
CT: Peter, koj tau hais tias koj muaj "cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm los siv Lamina1 sai sai thaum peb tau txais kev tswj hwm tsim nyog, thev naus laus zis, cov tswv lag luam ntawm tus neeg koom tes, tus neeg koom tes IP, cov kws ua yeeb yam, cov koom tes ua lag luam, thiab cov nyiaj tau los ua haujlwm." Tam sim no tej yam nyob qhov twg?
PV: Peb muaj ntau pawg neeg nrhiav neeg ua haujlwm tam sim no, peb tau ntiav ob peb tus thawj coj tshiab, peb tab tom nrhiav cov noob qoob loo tam sim no thiab vam tias yuav ua tiav rau lub caij ntuj sov lossis lub caij nplooj zeeg ntxov. Nyob rau sab xam phaj, peb nyuam qhuav pib mob siab rau tsim tawm peb thawj ob peb dogfoods [kev ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov khoom tshiab]. Yog li, txhua yam tau txav mus los, thiab kuv xav tias peb yuav tsum muaj qee yam uas tib neeg tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab ua si nrog thaum nruab nrab Lub Cuaj Hli.
CT: Koj yuav luag tam sim no ntawm crypto txiaj tsim - ua haujlwm ze nrog ntau tus Satoshi tam sim ntawd ua tiav zoo li Gavin Andresen thaum koj tsim lub Bitcoin Foundation, nrhiav tau nyob rau hauv 2012. Rau cov ob peb spearheading Bitcoin rov qab los, kev khwv nyiaj yog arguably ib yam ntawm qhov deb tshaj plaws ntawm lawv lub siab. , koj tau hais.
Tsis ntev los no, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin tau sau ib qhov blog uas nws quaj "kev lag luam blockchain hloov qeeb ntawm kev xav thiab kev xav zoo nrog cov txiaj ntsig luv luv nrhiav txiaj ntsig." Vitalik puas muaj qhov taw tes?
PV: Muaj lub zog loj no thaum pib ntawm Bitcoin. Cov neeg zoo li: “Qhov no yog yav tom ntej. Peb tab tom tsim nws” - thiab nws txaus siab heev thaum koj pom nws. Rau ib tus neeg zoo li kuv, yog, kuv yuav tsis ntseeg ntau dua, Kuv tsis yog ib tus neeg yuav khoom tam sim ntawd, tab sis kuv tsuas yog cheb hauv nws tus kheej.
Vitalik yog qhov txawv heev. Nws yog tus txiv neej billionaire no uas nyob ntawm lub hnab ev ntawv 30-liter, uas yog kev txhawb siab los ntawm lwm yam tshaj li qhov ntxiv xoom rau nws cov nuj nqis. Kuv tau xav txog cov thawj coj loj ntawm cov saw hlau no dhau los 10 lossis 12 xyoo dhau los, thiab ib qho ntawm cov khoom uas kuv xav tias tseem ceeb rau blockchains yog tias lawv yuav ua tiav - lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob nyob hauv nws li kev rub nyiaj.
Neal thiab kuv tau siv sijhawm yuav luag tsis nug: Puas yog qhov no yuav muaj txiaj ntsig tiag? Hloov cov lus nug yog: Qhov no yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau cov neeg tsim khoom uas peb xav txhawb nqa thiab tsim qhov chaw uas peb xav tsim?
CT: Raws li ib qho kev lag luam loj hlob tuaj thiab dhau los ua cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb, tej zaum nws yuav tsis muaj tseeb uas koj yuav xav tau cov neeg los tswj cov khoom - tus accountants, kws lij choj, cov tub ceev xwm nyiaj txiag - leej twg tseem tab tom saib ze rau ntawm kab hauv qab?
Tus neeg sau xov xwm: Nws zoo li. Koj yuav tsis tau txais cov neeg zoo li ntawd - cov neeg ntseeg qub - los rau hauv Ethereum tam sim no. Cov nyiaj tau los. Thawj zaug kuv pom Ether, nws yog $7.00. Tam sim no nws yog $1,500. Peb yuav tsis pom $300,000 ETH, kuv ntseeg. Koj yuav tsum tsim kom muaj qhov chaw ntsuab rau cov neeg ntseeg tiam tom ntej no los tsim lawv tus kheej. Tej zaum peb yuav muaj hom ntuj arc ntawm qhov no. Tau kawg, cov tsev kawm ntawv yuav tau yooj yim dua rau hauv qee yam loj thiab ruaj khov dua. Yog li yog, tej zaum muaj qee qhov kev tsis tuaj yeem ntawm no.
CT: In Los daus tsoo, Neal, koj cia siab tias yuav muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus ntawm Metaverse uas niaj hnub no. Tab sis qee qhov kev txhim kho ntawm 30 xyoo dhau los tsis tau xav txog. Koj xav tsis thoob tias cov neeg ua si metaverse tseem siv "steampunk WASDE keyboards," piv txwv. Yuav ua li cas txog qee qhov kev txhim kho tsis ntev los no ntawm sab tsis yog txheej txheem, zoo li $ 300 lab ntawm virtual av muag nyob rau hauv peb teev nyob rau hauv Lwm yam "lub ntiaj teb no" nyob rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis? Puas yog qhov ua rau koj xav tsis thoob?
DK: Yog tias koj nyeem phau ntawv, nws tau hais meej meej raws li kev xav ntawm kev ua lag luam rau virtual vaj tsev, thiab muaj ib hom kev tsis txaus uas tau tsim los ntawm qhov tseeb tias qee qhov ntawm Metaverse yog qhov xav tau los tsim ib lub xaib dua li lwm tus.
Yog li, nws yog implicit nyob rau hauv phau ntawv raws li sau tseg hais tias muaj ib tug virtual vaj tsev lag luam thiab hais tias cov neeg them nyiaj los tswj nws, thiab ib co parcels yog xav tau ntau tshaj, muaj nqis tshaj lwm tus. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau theem ntawd, nws yog txhua yam muaj xim dub thiab dawb.
Txawm hais tias qhov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb uas koj piav qhia yog qhov xav tsis thoob, kuv xav hais tias yog. Phau ntawv tau sau ntev dhau los.
CT: Kuv paub tseeb tias koj tau nug txog kev kwv yees txhua lub sijhawm txog txoj kev Metaverse thiab thev naus laus zis feem ntau hloov zuj zus, Neal. Tab sis puas muaj tej xwm txheej uas ua rau koj ntshai heev?
NS: Kuv txhawj xeeb txog tej yam uas tsis ncaj qha ntsig txog blockchain thiab Metaverse. Kuv txhawj xeeb feem ntau txog kev hloov pauv huab cua thiab txog kev sib cais ntawm kev sib raug zoo los ntawm qhov tseeb tias tib neeg tsis pom zoo rau qhov kev sib koom ua ke ntxiv lawm. Peb tab tom ua dab tsi tuaj yeem pab daws cov khoom ntawd - peb npaj siab ua kom cov saw hlau tsis zoo, piv txwv li. Tab sis kuv tsis siv sijhawm ntau los txhawj xeeb txog qhov xwm txheej npau suav phem, tshwj xeeb txog Metaverse, vim kuv tsis pom qhov ntawd yog txoj hauv kev zoo los pib qhov project. Cov haujlwm ua tiav tau tshwm sim los ntawm lub siab zoo dua, zoo li, "Hav, qhov no yuav hloov lub ntiaj teb."
CT: Peter, thaum lub sijhawm ntawd $ 300 lab muag ntawm thaj av virtual, cov nqi roj ntawm Ethereum platform tau nce siab. Ob peb tog tau them ntau txhiab daus las hauv cov nqi sib pauv. Puas yog lwm qhov laj thawj los tsim cov txheej txheem tshiab-1 blockchain, hauv koj qhov kev xav, kom txo cov nqi pauv?
PV: Ua ntej tshaj plaws, kuv xav tias nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tau hais yog tias koj tsis tau them tus nqi, cov chains no yuav dhau los ntawm spam. Koj muaj cov neeg khiav dej num, koj muaj cov miners, thiab yog tias koj nyuam qhuav muab nws dawb xwb, koj yuav muaj cov neeg hais tias: "Zoo, muab rau kuv 100% ntawm qhov ntawd."
Bitcoin miners tsis xav tau tus nqi thaum pib vim hais tias tsuas yog tsis muaj ib tuj ntawm kev lag luam ntim, thiab Satoshi tsis muaj kev daws teeb meem rau qhov teeb meem no, xws li "koj yuav them li cas rau qhov no?"
Dab tsi Vitalik [Buterin, co-founder ntawm Ethereum] ua nrog Ethereum yog qhov zoo heev - lub tswv yim ntawm roj thiab lithium. [Nws lees paub] tias ib qho saw hlau twg yuav tsum tau them nyiaj rau kev siv cov peev txheej, lossis koj tsuas yog muaj Kev Txhaum Cai ntawm Pawg Neeg.
Qhov ntawd tau hais tias, muaj qee tus lej qhib qhov muag zoo li $ 12 billion ntawm kev yuav-sab xav tau [piv txwv li, nqi roj] rau ETH hauv 2021. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo rau Ethereum. Nws txhais tau tias tib neeg siv lub network. Qhov ntawd yog qhov zoo rau cov neeg tuav ETH, tab sis nws nyuaj rau cov, zoo li kuv tus tub 15 xyoo thaum tam sim ntawd nws raug nqi ib yam dab tsi zoo li $ 200 los ua txhua yam hauv lub network.
Txoj kev npaj rau Lamina1 yog tso cai rau sab-chains - zoo ib yam li Avalanche hu subnets lossis Polkadot hu substrates. Peb yuav ua kom yooj yim heev rau tus tsim tawm lossis pab pawg uas xav kom muaj kev lag luam dawb lossis kev lag luam nrawm heev. Peb yuav muab lawv ib txoj kev los ua qhov ntawd. Lawv yuav tau mus khiav cov nodes thiab daws cov nqi ntawm lawv tus kheej, tab sis yog tias lawv xav tias nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv cov neeg koom nrog tsis muaj nqi, lawv yuav ua tau.
CT: Neal, koj tau muab credit rau gamers rau pioneering Metaverse. Lub luag haujlwm ua yeeb yaj kiab ua si tau txo qis tus nqi ntawm 3D cov duab kom yuav luag txhua tus tuaj yeem nkag mus rau qhov chaw zoo li no, thiab koj tsis xav tau ntau yam khoom kim heev xws li tsom iav. Uas tau hais tias, puas yuav Metaverse ib txwm muaj los ntawm gamers? Yuav ua li cas txog kev siv loj dua, zoo li kev cob qhia kws phais neeg ntawm 3D cov qauv hauv nruab nrog cev? Los yog siv kev kawm, zoo li kev mus ncig hauv chav kawm virtual mus rau Greek Agora thaum ub?
DK: thaum Los daus tsoo tau tawm hauv xyoo 1992, yuav luag txhua qhov kev ua si video yog 2D. Tab sis tom qab ntawd Doom tau tawm hauv xyoo 1993, thiab nws yog thawj zaug siv 3D kev ua si. Nws tau tsim kev lag luam loj ntawm kev ua si zoo sib xws. Lub Ntiaj Teb Wide Web qhov chaws tau tso tawm xyoo 1993, thiab tam sim ntawd koj tuaj yeem saib cov duab hauv koj lub computer.
Tag nrho cov no ua ke thawb ntau lab tus tib neeg kom xav ua tus kheej lub khoos phis tawj uas muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo dua. Qhov ntawd tau muab los ua qhov kev lag luam ntawd Kuv hlub Lucy lub caij.
TC: Kuv hlub Lucy?
NS: Nws yog qhov tshwm sim rau TV hauv xyoo 1950, qhov twg muaj lub voj voog zoo li no uas ntau lab tus tib neeg xav saib Kuv hlub Lucy TV qhia, ces lawv yuav TVs. Kev muag khoom ntau ntxiv tau ua rau cov tuam txhab tsim kho vajtse zoo li Magnavox thiab RCA kom txo tus nqi ntawm TV teeb, uas tau ua. Kuv hlub Lucy txawm siv tau thiab nrov. Qhov ntawd yog li cas kev lag luam loj hlob.
Tsis ntev los no: Kev xav thiab kev nce nqi: Cov ntsiab lus tso siab rau tus nqi Bitcoin
Cov yeeb yaj kiab ua si tau coj mus rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg, ntau qhov kev txiav txim-ntawm-qhov loj me ntawm kev ua haujlwm 3D koj tuaj yeem tawm ntawm lub cuab yeej ib duas siv.
CT: Puas yog kev ua si ua si, tom qab ntawd, txuas ntxiv yog qhov tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv Metaverse?
DK: Kuv xav tias qhov ua tau yog tias 20 lossis 30 xyoo txij li tam sim no, cov neeg uas siv cov kev paub dhau los yuav rov qab los ntawm kev ua si: "Yog li peb tau los ntawm no." Nws tau dhau los ua, cov khoom no yog txhua yam kev ua si video, uas yog qhov chaw kho vajtse los ntawm, qhov twg cov cuab yeej tuaj ntawm, cov neeg uas tsim kev paub dhau los tau kawm lawv cov txuj ci los ntawm kev ua si video, thiab lwm yam. Thiab, tseem yuav muaj ntau thiab ntau qhov kev ua si video, tab sis kuj tseem yuav muaj kev paub dhau los uas yuav muaj ntau yam ntxiv, thiab kuv xav tias koj pom tias twb yog koj saib Fortnite, uas yog qhov pom tseeb ntawm kev ua yeeb yaj kiab, tab sis nws kuj yog ib qho. ib puag ncig kev sib raug zoo.
Edited los ntawm Aaron Wood.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cointelegraph.com/news/metaverse-visionary-neal-stephenson-is-building-a-blockchain-to-uplift-creators