DeFi thiab decentralized daim ntawv thov yuav ua tsis tau yog tsis muaj blockchain oracles-cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm blockchain infrastructure uas ua rau kom nkag tau, ua, thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud ntawm cov ntaub ntawv off-chain thiab cov ntawv cog lus ntse.
Uas tau hais tias, dab tsi yog qhov kev sib tw loj hauv engineering thaum nws los txog rau kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov thiab txhim khu kev qha blockchain oracles, thiab vim li cas cov ntaub ntawv xa mus rau cov kav dej tseem ceeb heev?
CryptoSlate tham nrog qee tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov ncauj lus - qee tus ntawm lawv yuav tuaj ntsib hauv Berlin lub Rau Hli no ntawm lub ntiaj teb thawj qhov kev siv thev naus laus zis agnostic qhov ua siab tshaj uas yog tag nrho tsom rau oracles.
Oracle resilience thiab kev ntseeg siab
"Lub tuam txhab ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo, thaum DAOs ua kom zoo rau kev ua haujlwm zoo. Nrog rau qhov ntawd nyob rau hauv lub siab, cov infrastructure uas DAOs nyob ntawm seb yuav tsum tau resilient thiab decentralized, thiab qhov ntawd yog qhov twg oracles tuaj, "said Niklas Kunkel, Oracle Core Unit Facilitator ntawm MakerDAO.
Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv, raws li Kunkel, uas txuas ntxiv piav qhia qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom muaj kev ntseeg siab ntawm oracle-siv txiag ua piv txwv. Tom qab ntawd nws tau piav qhia ntxiv:
"Cov ntaub ntawv dab tsi yog Maker xav tau los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud? Tus tsim muab cov nyiaj qiv thiab cov neeg muab cov nyiaj qiv nyiaj rau cov nyiaj qiv, yog li Maker, ua ib lub tuam txhab nyiaj txiag, yuav tsum paub tias tus nqi ntawm tag nrho cov nyiaj no yog dab tsi - Ethereum tus nqi yog dab tsi, tus nqi ntawm Bitcoin yog dab tsi, yog dab tsi. tus nqi ntawm ib pob ntawm cov nyiaj txais qiv - yog tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv uas tsis muaj nyob rau hauv lub crypto network thiab peb yuav tsum coj nws los ntawm lub ntiaj teb sab nraud, "
Tab sis dab tsi ua rau oracles tshwj xeeb? Thiab lawv ua li cas nrog cov kev txwv tshwj xeeb hauv ntiaj teb blockchain?
"Koj tsis xav kom muaj kev ntseeg siab rau lwm tus neeg sab nrauv, koj tsis xav kom muaj kev hlub tshua ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev ua tsis tiav, koj tsis xav kom leej twg tuaj yeem hloov pauv thiab censor koj, thiab tsuas yog txiav tawm cov ntaub ntawv, "Kunkel ntxiv, raws li nws txuas ntxiv hais txog qee qhov kev sib tw engineering ntawm kev tsim cov ntaub ntawv xa mus xws li tus neeg ua haujlwm nws tsis tuaj yeem kaw nws tsuas yog tias lawv xav tias zoo li nws.
Dhau li ntawm kev censorship tsis kam, cov ntaub ntawv kev ntseeg siab tau lees paub yog lwm qhov kev txwv loj uas yuav tsum tau ntsib, nws hais ntxiv, yog li leej twg tab tom khiav lub raj xa dej no tsis tuaj yeem tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv.
Hauv qhov tseeb, qhov ntawd yog qhov teeb meem uas oracles daws tau - "lawv muab cov raj xa dej no rau DAOs thiab cov ntawv thov crypto yam tsis tau nthuav tawm lawv rau kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv censorship thiab manipulation."
Raws li Auryn Macmillan, Thawj Tswj Hwm thiab Tus Thawj Saib Xyuas Khoom Muag ntawm Gnosis.
"Oracles (lossis cov pov thawj) ntawm qee yam yog qhov tsim nyog ntawm txhua qhov blockchain-based system uas xav kom haus lossis ua rau cov xwm txheej sab nraud rau lawv qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Txawm hais tias lawv nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag tiag lossis hauv qee qhov lwm yam blockchain lossis kev ua haujlwm ib puag ncig, "
Oracles pab txhua yam ntawm cov ntawv thov muaj txiaj ntsig - los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb thiab kev pov npav tsis pub leej twg paub - rau cov nqi tiag tiag hauv ntiaj teb.
Qhov ntawd tau hais tias, Macmillan tau qhia meej tias Gnosis siv qhov kev nce qib-kev ua si-raws li oracle los txiav txim siab lawv cov kev xaiv tsa.
"Rau Gnosis DAO, peb xav tau kev pov npav kom muaj kev ywj pheej thiab muaj kev ywj pheej los koom nrog, thiab rau kev pov npav qhov hnyav kom suav nrog ntau dua li qhov tsuas yog GNO sib npaug ntawm mainnet Ethereum," nws piav qhia.
Siv Reality.eth tso cai rau tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab, kev ua tiav ntawm cov saw hlau raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev pov npav tawm-chain pov npav qhov hnyav yog los ntawm GNO hauv ntau txoj cai ntawm ob lub ntsiab Ethereum thiab Gnosis Chain. Thaum kawg, Macmillan tau sau tseg,
"Siv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo tshaj plaws rau cov ntaub ntawv no tso cai rau cov txheej txheem tsom mus rau lawv cov peev txheej tseem ceeb. Hais tias, qhia ib qho oracle yuav luag ib txwm txhais tau tias nce qhov chaw nres. Yog li nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg tsim khoom kom nkag siab txog kev ntseeg siab ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov muab oracle, "
Muaj ntau yam oracle designs tawm muaj, siv txawv mechanisms los muab resilience thiab kev ntseeg tau guarantees. Txawm hais tias qee qhov kev tsim qauv tso siab rau ntau qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv thiab ntau qhov chaw txawm tias, lwm tus siv cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa. Qee tus sim ua nws crypto kev lag luam, dhau ntawm crypto staking, thaum qee tus siv qhov kev sib tw ua pov thawj ntawm Kev Ua Haujlwm (PoW) txhawm rau tshem tawm kev cia siab rau cov neeg thib peb uas ntseeg siab rau kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv tawm.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm decentralization
Tellor's decentralized oracle yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm kev tsim kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev txhawb nqa kev lag luam crypto.
Lub Tellor oracle tso cai rau ib tus neeg tuaj koom ua tus tshaj xov xwm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm stakes qee qhov tokens raws li daim ntawv cog lus uas tuaj yeem raug txiav los ntawm daim ntawv cog lus yog tias lawv xa cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo. Lub caij no, Lwm tus neeg tuav lub token thiab cov tswv cuab ntawm DAO tuaj yeem koom nrog kev lees paub cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm kev tsis sib haum xeeb, piav qhia Michael Zemrose, Co-founder ntawm Qhia Dab Neeg.
Raws li nws tsoo lub hauv paus ntawm Tellor's token tswj kev tsis sib haum xeeb mechanisms, Zemrose tau taw qhia tias lawv txoj kev qhib thiab kev tso cai li cas tau tsim los ntawm hauv av mus rau censorship-resistant thiab decentralized.
"Los ntawm theem tsim, peb xav tau txhua yam uas peb tau ua kom qhib thiab tsis muaj kev tso cai, tso cai rau txhua tus tuaj koom, tab sis tiv thaiv ib lub koom haum uas muaj hwj chim ntau dhau hauv lub kaw lus - suav nrog peb tus kheej," nws tau taw qhia, sau tseg tias pab pawg Tellor tsuas yog tswv xwb. 3% ntawm cov tokens.
Qhia Dab Neeg pib tsis muaj ICO, tsis muaj qhov ua ntej-mine, thiab pab pawg kuj tau tshem tawm lawv cov cai tseem ceeb ntawm cov thawj coj, Zemrose tau hais, tawm tswv yim tias lub hom phiaj yog kom tsis txhob ua qhov yuam kev ntawm kev muaj hwj chim ntau dhau, "vim ib zaug koj muaj hwj chim ntau dhau. Nws yog ib qho nyuaj heev kom tshem tawm nws. "
Ua kom cov neeg siv xav paub txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem kev lag luam yog qhov kev sib tw tsis tu ncua, raws li Zemrose.
Nws tau hais tias "Tsis muaj ib qho ntawm koj qhov kev txiav txim siab lwm yam teeb meem yog tias koj lub oracle yog qhov tseem ceeb," nws tau hais tias, kev txhawb nqa cov zej zog, cov tsim thiab cov tub ua lag luam kom saib xyuas txaus los ua ib feem ntawm kev sib tham tau yooj yim dua vim qhov chaw tseem tab tom loj hlob.
Thaum lub network tau qhib tag nrho thiab txhua tus tuaj yeem tuaj sim thiab sib tw rau cov khoom plig token los ntawm kev tso cov ntaub ntawv ntawm cov saw hlau uas cov neeg siv tau thov, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws rau txhua tus nyiam ua ncaj ncees.
"Yog tsis li ntawd lawv tau txais kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab cov ceg txheem ntseeg (cov ntawv cog lus) tau 'slashed' thiab muab rau tus neeg tsis sib haum xeeb", Zemrose ntxiv, piav qhia tias lawv cov qauv tsim raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev lag luam rationality.
Lub caij no, Tus tsim tsim yog raws li "federated hom qauv," Kunkel qhia meej.
"Peb muaj cov lag luam loj loj ntawm cov phiaj xwm crypto uas muaj kev ntseeg siab hauv kev lag luam, thiab Tus Thawj Kav Tebchaws tau pov npav rau hauv, suav nrog Etherscan, MyEtherWallet, Infura, MetaMask, rau npe ob peb, thiab qhov peb ua tiav yog qhov nruab nrab ntawm txhua tus. cov ntaub ntawv no cov koom haum xa tawm, "nws piav qhia.
"Nws yuav luag zoo li nrog PoW," Kunkel xaus lus, sau tseg tias ntev li ntev tau muaj 51% ntawm cov neeg koom ua ncaj ncees, lub oracle yuav, rau ib-nyob online, thiab ob-muaj cov ntaub ntawv raug.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cryptoslate.com/demystifying-blockchain-oracles-part-2/