HodlX qhua Xa Ntawv Xa Koj qhov Post
Keeb kwm tsim los txhawb Bitcoin, blockchain thev naus laus zis tau dhau los ua neeg nyiam dua thaum tib neeg pom nws siv dhau cryptocurrenciesCov. Ib txoj kev tshawb nrhiav tau tias 81 ntawm 100 lub tuam txhab loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb tab tom nrhiav kev daws teeb meem txog blockchain. Nyob rau hauv lub teeb ntawm qhov chaw tshiab no, kev txhawj xeeb txog kev ruaj ntseg blockchain tshwm sim.
Yog li, cia peb tshawb txog blockchain kev ruaj ntseg thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas, nrog rau qee qhov piv txwv. Tab sis ua ntej peb pib, cia peb txhua tus siv sijhawm ib pliag kom txaus siab rau qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm blockchain kev ruaj ntseg raug nug thaum nws tau tsim los muab kev ruaj ntseg ntau dua hauv thawj qhov chaw.
Raws li ib tug neeg uas tau koom nrog Web 2.0 thiab Web 3.0 txoj kev loj hlob tau ntau xyoo, kuv paub tias kev ruaj ntseg yeej tsis ua rau me ntsis. Ua kom koj cov khoom ruaj ntseg yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam nws qhov kev siv tau yog lwm qhov kev sib tw zoo li ua kom koj lub tsev muaj kev nyab xeeb yam tsis tau xauv lub qhov rooj.
Nkag siab txog kev ruaj ntseg blockchain yuav tsum tau nkag siab cov yam ntxwv kev ruaj ntseg tseem ceeb ntawm lub network blockchain. Txhawm rau muab tso rau lwm txoj hauv kev, dab tsi yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thaum nws los ua kom paub tseeb tias blockchain network ruaj ntseg?
Kev lag luam ncaj ncees
Yuav pib nrog, cov ntsiab lus ntawm blockchain pauv yuav tsum tsis txhob hloov pauv thaum hloov pauv. Hauv lwm lo lus, kev hloov pauv kev ncaj ncees yuav tsum nyob twj ywm. Nws tag nrho los mus rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub blockchain, uas yog cov saw ntawm cov blocks uas muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib pauv.
Thaum qhov kev hloov pauv tau raug lees paub los ntawm tag nrho cov nodes hauv lub network, nws yuav hloov tsis tau, (piv txwv li, nws tsis tuaj yeem hloov pauv tom qab siv tau). Txhua qhov kev hloov pauv hauv cov saw hlau yog qhov tseeb, hloov tsis tau thiab lub sijhawm-stamped.
Tamper-kuj
Txhawm rau ua pov thawj tamper, blockchain yuav tsum tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam, ob qho tib si nrog cov khoom hauv kev lag luam nquag, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm twb tau khaws cia hauv blockchain blocks. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm kev siv txoj hauv kev zoo li SHA-256 hashing algorithm, pej xeem-key cryptography thiab Digital Signature.
Piv txwv li, lub Bitcoin blockchain cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam vim nws yuav ua rau tsis siv neeg cais tawm ntawm lub network. Tus neeg teb xov tooj ntawm lub luag haujlwm rau kev pom zoo rau kev hloov pauv thiab ntxiv cov blocks tshiab rau cov saw hlau tau ua haujlwm tsis txaus siab los ntawm kev cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv raws li nws yuav pom tau yooj yim.
Yog hais tias ib lub node ua tsis muaj zog thiab tsis nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo nrog lwm tus ntawm lub network, tus neeg teb xov tooj node yuav tsum tau txais cov khoom plig mining. Txhawm rau muab tso rau lwm txoj hauv kev, Bitcoin node cov tswv lag luam tsis muaj laj thawj los cuam tshuam nrog daim ntawv teev npe.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov txheej txheem tom qab lawv, tag nrho cov blockchains yuav tsum tso siab rau kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm tsis txhob cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv. Qhov kev txhawb zog no ua kom ntseeg tau tias daim ntawv teev cov ntawv faib tawm tseem tsis muaj pov thawj tsis hais nws loj npaum li cas thiab muaj pes tsawg blocks ntxiv rau nws.
Qhov no zoo ib yam li tus neeg saib xyuas kev ruaj ntseg hauv ib lub txhab nyiaj uas yuav tsis muaj kev txhawb siab los nyiag yog tias lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig los tiv thaiv cov nyiaj. Qhov khoom plig txhawb nqa tus cwj pwm ncaj ncees thiab ua rau tsis muaj kev xav ntawm kev sim ua rau cov ntaub ntawv.
Zoo sib xws
Blockchain's ledger yuav tsum ua tib yam. Hauv lwm lo lus, nws txhais tau tias tag nrho cov blockchain nodes yuav tsum hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv ib txhij. Ib lub network blockchain, raws li peb paub, yog tsim los ntawm ntau cov nodes. Txij li thaum blockchain yog ib lub network sib faib, txhua zaus ib qho thaiv tshiab ntxiv, tag nrho cov nodes yuav tsum tau hloov kho ib txhij.
Qhov no zoo ib yam li muaj ib lub orchestra ntawm cov neeg ntaus suab paj nruag ua si sib txawv txhua qhov sib haum xeeb. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas txhua tus kws ntaus suab paj nruag yuav tsum sib txuas nrog lwm tus kom tsim tau lub suab zoo nkauj.
Ib yam li ntawd, cov nodes nyob rau hauv ib tug blockchain network yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev sib raug zoo nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav ua kom lub ledger zoo ib yam. Qhov ntawd yog siab heev. Yuav ua li cas yog ib tug ntawm cov suab paj nruag (nodes) sau ntawv tsis ncaj ncees lawm? Lawv puas yuav tsum pib tag nrho zaj nkauj (blockchain) dua?
Kev tawm tsam rau kev tawm tsam
Ntawm cov hom kev tawm tsam uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm blockchain tes hauj lwm yog DDoS (distributed tsis kam lees ntawm kev pabcuam) kev tawm tsam, kev tawm tsam ob zaug, feem ntau kev pom zoo tawm tsam (51%) thiab Sybil tawm tsam, uas cov neeg phem tawm tsam nthuav tawm cov cim cuav txhawm rau ua rau Byzantine faults. .
Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub tom kawg, Sybil tawm tsam tiv thaiv los nrog kev nyuaj, kev ua tau zoo thiab cov nqi sib pauv.
Raws li ib kev tshawb fawb, ntawm cov kab ke uas muaj zog Sybil nres tsis kam yog PoW (pov thawj-ntawm-ua haujlwm)-zoo li cov txheej txheem uas cia siab rau qee yam kev txwv tsis pub muaj peev txheej (CPU, nco lossis lwm yam) thiab PoS (pov thawj-ntawm-stake)-zoo li cov tshuab uas vam khom ntawm cov peev txheej (xws li, cryptocurrencies, stabilitycoins, lub koob npe nrov tokens).
Qhov sib txawv ntawm ob Piv txwv li, thaum PoW bootstrapping yog siv ua ke nrog PoS tua kuj qhia tawm tsam.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas lub kaw lus ruaj ntseg tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev lag luam tawm tsam cov kev tawm tsam phem zoo sib xws rau muaj lub rooj xauv ruaj khov ntawm lub qhov rooj uas tiv thaiv kev ua tub sab thaum tso cai nkag mus rau cov uas muaj tus yuam sij.
Cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev siv network
Kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv blockchain yog lwm qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg. Txhawm rau blockchain ua haujlwm kom raug, txhua tus neeg siv lossis cov node yuav tsum tuaj yeem saib cov ntaub ntawv khaws tseg ntawm daim ntawv teev npe txhua lub sijhawm. Kev muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv blockchain vim nws lav tias txhua tus neeg tseem paub txog qhov tseeb blockchain hloov tshiab.
Ib qho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis uas ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov cuab yeej cuab tam thaum tswj kev siv tau yooj yim yog MPC (kev suav ntau tog). MPC thev naus laus zis tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm 'ib qho taw qhia ntawm kev cuam tshuam' los ntawm kev tshem tawm qhov xav tau khaws cov ntaub ntawv rhiab ntawm ib qho chaw.
Ntau tog tau txais tus yuam sij ntiag tug faib rau hauv kev sib koom, muab zais thiab faib rau lawv. Yog tias tus yuam sij ntiag tug ploj lossis raug nyiag lawm, nws tuaj yeem rov tsim dua tshiab los ntawm kev tawm tswv yim los ntawm txhua tog.
Yog li ntawd, txawm hais tias ib tog neeg raug cuam tshuam, kev lag luam blockchain tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov shard nkaus xwb. Nws zoo li lub tsev txhab nyiaj nrog ntau lub xauv uas qhib siv cov yuam sij sib txawv los ntawm cov neeg sib txawv. Txawm hais tias ib tus yuam sij raug nyiag lawm, tus tub sab tsis tuaj yeem qhib lub vault yam tsis muaj lwm tus yuam sij.
Pseudo tsis qhia npe
Pseudo-tsis qhia npe nyob rau hauv blockchain txhais tau hais tias tsuas yog chaw nyob tau tshwm sim tsis yog cov npe ntawm cov neeg siv tom qab lawv. Qhov no pab tiv thaiv tus neeg siv ntiag tug thiab tso cai rau lawv ua kev lag luam yam tsis tau qhia lawv tus kheej, tsim kom muaj kev ntseeg siab thiab ruaj ntseg nyiaj txiag ecosystem.
Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tsis muaj pob tshab hauv blockchain tuaj yeem yog rab ntaj ob sab. Thaum nws tiv thaiv tus neeg siv kev ceev ntiag tug, nws kuj ua rau nws nyuaj rau taug qab cov neeg ua phem phem thiab tuav lawv lub luag haujlwm rau lawv qhov kev ua. Qhov tsis muaj pob tshab no tuaj yeem tsim ib puag ncig rau kev dag thiab kev tsim txom.
Raws li Chainalysis, ransomware attackers raug quab yuam tsawg kawg yog $457 lab los ntawm cov neeg raug tsim txom hauv xyoo 2022. Yog li, txhawm rau kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev ntseeg siab, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv los tuav cov neeg ua phem rau lub luag haujlwm. li no, pob tshab yuav tsum sib npaug nrog kev ceev ntiag tug.
Nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev, nws zoo li nrhiav qhov sib npaug ntawm lub tsev fuabtais kev ruaj ntseg thiab nws cov phooj ywg. Kev ruaj ntseg ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau nws nyuaj rau nkag mus rau lub tsev fuabtais, thaum me me tuaj yeem ua rau nws yooj yim los tawm tsam los ntawm cov neeg sab nraud.
Ib yam li ntawd, ntau pob tshab hauv blockchain tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum cai ntiag tug, thaum tsawg dhau tuaj yeem ua rau kev dag thiab kev tsim txom. Yog li, yog tias koj xav kom koj lub tsev fuabtais muaj kev nyab xeeb, xyuas kom koj pom qhov nruab nrab ntawm 'Fort Knox' thiab 'Disneyland.'
kawg xav
Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg blockchain hauv kev tiv thaiv kev nkag mus tsis tau. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv tau yuav tsum tau xav txog. Cov neeg tsim khoom yuav tsum xav txog cov neeg tawm tsam nrog rau cov neeg siv thaum tsim cov kev daws teeb meem blockchain.
Muab kev sib npaug sib npaug rau kev siv tsis tau txhais hais tias muaj kev ruaj ntseg. Hloov chaw, ua kom tus neeg siv hauv siab yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov kev ruaj ntseg zoo. Ib txhia twb muaj lawm, thiab nws yuav zoo saib ntxiv yav tom ntej.
Blockchain kev ruaj ntseg daws yuav tsum zoo li niam txiv dais tawv txaus kom intruders deb tab sis maj txaus los muab cov neeg siv puag thaum lawv xav tau.
Taras Dovgal yog ib tus neeg ua lag luam serial nrog ntau tshaj 10 xyoo ntawm kev paub hauv kev tsim kho tshuab. Nrog rau kev mob siab rau crypto txij li xyoo 2017, nws tau koom tes tsim ntau lub tuam txhab crypto-txog thiab tam sim no tab tom tsim lub platform crypto-fiat. Raws li kev pib ua neej nyob thiab kev tsim kho lub vev xaib, Taras 'lub hom phiaj yog ua kom cov khoom lag luam crypto nkag mus rau cov neeg siv khoom tseem ceeb tsis yog techies xwb.
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Tsis kam lees: Lub tswvyim los ntawm Lub Hnub Hodl tsis yog kev tawm tswvyim rau peev. Cov tub ua lag luam yuav tsum ua lawv txoj kev mob siab rau ua ntej ua ib qho kev pheej hmoo siab nqis peev hauv Bitcoin, cryptocurrency los yog cov cuab tam digital. Thov qhia rau koj tias kev hloov tsheb thiab kev ua lag luam yog koj li kev pheej hmoo, thiab ib qho poob twg koj tuaj yeem yog koj lub luag haujlwm. Lub Hnub Hodl tsis pom zoo kom yuav lossis muag ib qho cryptocurrencies lossis digital cov cuab tam, tsis yog Lub Hnub Hodl tus kws tshaj lij pabcuam kev nqis peev. Thov nco ntsoov tias Lub Hnub Hodl koom nrog kev koom ua lag luam.
Cov duab tshwj xeeb: Shutterstock/Space creator/Vladimir Sazonov
Tau qhov twg los: https://dailyhodl.com/2023/02/15/blockchain-security-a-delicate-balance-between-keeping-hackers-out-and-letting-users-in/