Cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis blockchain tau hloov tag nrho txoj hauv kev uas peb khaws thiab xa cov ntaub ntawv. Ib lub network blockchain yog ib qho kev faib tawm thiab faib cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem sau cov kev hloov pauv hauv txoj hauv kev uas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab qhib rau pej xeem saib. Txawm li cas los xij, koj puas tau xav txog qhov xwm txheej ntawm lub network? Tus qauv ntawm nws? Cia peb saib.
Nkag siab li cas blockchain ua haujlwm
Lub blockchain tau loj hlob tas li nrog cov npe ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hu ua blocks, uas txuas thiab ruaj ntseg siv cryptography. Xav txog cov saw hlau nrog ntau qhov sib txuas, txhua qhov txuas uas sawv cev rau ib qho thaiv hauv blockchain. Txhua lub block muaj cov ntaub ntawv, thiab ib zaug ib qho thaiv tau ntxiv rau cov saw hlau, cov ntaub ntawv uas nws tuav tau suav tias yog qhov ruaj khov thiab tsis hloov pauv. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau qhov tseeb thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, txhua qhov thaiv muaj cov cim tshwj xeeb hu ua "hash," nrog rau cov hash ntawm cov block yav dhau los hauv cov saw hlau.
Qhov no tsim ib qho kev sib txuas cryptographic, ua rau nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem hloov cov blocks yav dhau los, vim qhov no yuav xav tau hloov tag nrho cov hashs ntawm cov blocks tom qab lawv hauv cov saw hlau. Tsis tas li ntawd, blockchains tuaj yeem yog pej xeem lossis ntiag tug, nrog ntau tus neeg koom nrog hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm pej xeem blockchain lossis tsuas yog xaiv ob peb nyob rau hauv rooj plaub ntawm tus kheej blockchain. Cov neeg koom no yog hu ua "nodes," thiab txhua lub node muaj tag nrho cov ntawv luam ntawm blockchain.
Thaum lub block tshiab tau ntxiv rau cov saw hlau, nws raug txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov nodes, thiab thaum muaj kev pom zoo tau mus txog, qhov thaiv tau ntxiv rau tag nrho cov nodes cov ntawv luam ntawm blockchain, ua cov ntaub ntawv nws tuav tau yooj yim rau txhua tus neeg siv. lub network.
Nodes thiab Forks
Nodes hauv Blockchain
Ib lub hauv paus hauv lub network blockchain yog lub khoos phis tawj uas koom nrog hauv lub network los ntawm kev tswj hwm daim ntawv theej ntawm blockchain thiab kev lees paub kev lag luam.
hom
1. Tag Nrho Cov Nodes: Tag nrho cov nodes tuav ib daim ntawv luam tiav ntawm blockchain thiab siv tau cov kev lag luam thiab cov blocks. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub network vim lawv ua kom muaj kev ncaj ncees ntawm blockchain los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas tias txhua qhov thaiv thiab kev lag luam ua raws li kev pom zoo ntawm lub network. Tag nrho cov nodes tseem kis tau cov kev hloov pauv tshiab thiab thaiv rau lwm cov ntawm hauv lub network.
2. Lub Teeb Nodes: Lub teeb nodes tuav ib qho kev txwv ntawm blockchain thiab cia siab rau tag nrho cov nodes rau kev ua lag luam validation. Cov nodes feem ntau yog siv los ntawm cov tib neeg lossis cov koom haum uas muaj peev txheej suav nrog tsawg. Lub teeb nodes tsis khaws tag nrho cov blockchain, tab sis hloov chaw, khaws cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog tsuas yog xav tau kom muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam.
3. Miner Nodes: Miner nodes yog cov nodes uas koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov blocks tshiab thiab ntxiv rau hauv blockchain. Lawv siv tau cov kev lag luam, ntim lawv rau hauv cov blocks, thiab tom qab ntawd sib tw nrog lwm cov miner nodes los daws qhov teeb meem kev ua lej nyuaj txhawm rau ntxiv ib qho tshiab rau blockchain. Thawj tus miner los daws qhov teeb meem tau txais txiaj ntsig nrog qee tus nqi ntawm cryptocurrency.
4. Supernodes: Supernodes yog cov nodes uas muaj kev ua tau zoo uas muaj ntau lub zog ntawm kev suav thiab bandwidth. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub network los ntawm kev ua cov khoom lag luam siab thiab pab tswj lub network ruaj khov.
5. Archival Nodes: Archival nodes yog cov nodes uas tuav ib daim ntawv luam ntawm blockchain thiab muab kev nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm rau lub network. Lawv ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev khaws cia kev ncaj ncees ntawm blockchain thiab ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb thiab cov neeg tsim khoom nkag mus rau cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm rau kev tshuaj xyuas.
Cov cuab yeej siv hauv Blockchain
Ib rab diav rawg hauv blockchain tshwm sim thaum lub blockchain faib ua ob txoj hlua sib cais vim muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb lossis kev hloov pauv hauv lub network txoj cai pom zoo. Muaj ob lub ntsiab ntawm rab rawg: mos diav rawg thiab tawv diav rawg.
1. Mos Forks: Lub diav rawg mos yog qhov rov qab hloov pauv mus rau lub network raws tu qauv uas tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau qee qhov nodes. Nyob rau hauv ib tug mos diav rawg, tsuas yog cov nodes uas txawj tej yam ntxiv rau cov kev cai tshiab txuas ntxiv mus ua raws li cov tshiab blockchain, thaum lub nodes uas tsis txawj tej yam ntxiv mus ua raws li cov qub blockchain. Mos rab diav rawg raug suav hais tias tsis tshua cuam tshuam rau lub network vim tias lawv tsis ua rau muaj kev sib cais tas mus li ntawm blockchain.
2. Hard Forks: Ib qho nyuaj diav rawg yog ib qho kev hloov pauv rau cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog rov qab-tshaj thiab faib cov blockchain rau hauv ob txoj hlua sib cais. Cov saw tshiab muaj nws tus kheej cov cai thiab ua haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej los ntawm cov saw hlau qub. Cov diav rawg nyuaj feem ntau muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb thiab tuaj yeem ua rau tsim ob qho kev sib cais cryptocurrencies.
Lwm hom muaj xws li:
- Contentious Forks: Ib qho kev sib cav sib ceg yog ib hom kev sib tw nyuaj uas cov zej zog tau muab faib rau cov kev hloov pauv rau lub network raws tu qauv. Hom diav rawg no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev tsim ntawm ob qho kev sib cais cryptocurrencies, nrog rau txhua sab txhawb kev sib txawv ntawm blockchain.
- Non-Contentious Forks: Ib lub diav rawg uas tsis sib haum xeeb yog hom tawv nkhaus uas qhov kev hloov pauv rau lub network raws tu qauv tau pom zoo los ntawm feem coob ntawm cov zej zog. Hom diav rawg no feem ntau siv los hloov kho lub network raws tu qauv thiab ntxiv cov yam ntxwv tshiab.
- User-Activated Soft Forks (UASF): A User-Activated Soft Fork (UASF) yog ib hom mos diav rawg uas yog pib los ntawm cov neeg siv ntawm lub network, tsis yog cov tsim tawm. Hom diav rawg no yog siv thaum lub zej zog tsis txaus siab rau cov kev hloov pauv rau lub network raws tu qauv thiab nrhiav kev tswj hwm cov cai tshiab los ntawm rab rawg mos.
Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov nodes thiab rab rawg rau lub blockchain
- Decentralization: Nodes thiab diav rawg ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm lub network decentralized, tso cai rau kev faib tawm thiab kev pom zoo ntawm kev ywj pheej.
- Kev Ruaj Ntseg: Cov Nodes pab kom ruaj ntseg hauv lub network los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas kev lag luam thiab kev thaiv, ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov neeg ua phem ua phem rau kev cuam tshuam cov kab ke.
- Scalability: Cov diav rawg tuaj yeem siv los txhim kho lub blockchain, tso cai rau kom muaj peev xwm nce ntxiv thiab sijhawm ua haujlwm sai dua.
- Innovation: Nodes tuaj yeem qhia cov yam ntxwv tshiab thiab ua haujlwm rau lub network los ntawm rab rawg, txhawb kev tsim kho tshiab thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov thev naus laus zis.
- Transparency: Lub decentralized xwm ntawm nodes thiab diav rawg kom paub meej tias tag nrho cov kev lag luam muaj kev nkag tau rau pej xeem thiab txheeb xyuas tau, txhawb kev pom tseeb thiab kev lav phib xaub.
- Kev tiv thaiv rau kev censorship: Nrog cov nodes faib thoob ntiaj teb, lub network yuav tiv taus rau censorship los yog tampering los ntawm ib lub koom haum.
- Interoperability: Forks tuaj yeem qhia txog kev sib raug zoo nrog lwm cov blockchain tes hauj lwm, ua kom muaj kev sib txuas sib txuas thiab ua kom muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho.
- Network Effect: Ntau tus ntawm cov nodes nce tag nrho kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj ntseg ntawm lub network, ua rau nws txaus nyiam rau cov neeg siv tshiab thiab cov neeg koom.
- Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Ncaj Ncees: Cov diav rawg tuaj yeem siv los ua ib qho cuab yeej rau kev tswj hwm kev tswj hwm tus kheej, tso cai rau cov neeg koom nrog kev txiav txim siab thiab tsav cov kev taw qhia ntawm lub network.
- Resilience: Nodes thiab diav rawg muab redundancy thiab backup systems, kom ntseeg tau tias lub network tseem ua hauj lwm txawm nyob rau hauv cov kev tshwm sim ntawm node tsis ua hauj lwm los yog lwm yam cuam tshuam.
kawg
Hauv kev xaus, cov qauv ntawm lub network blockchain yog qhov nyuaj thiab muaj zog uas ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm blockchain system. Nws koom nrog ntau lub nodes, kev pom zoo mechanisms, thiab network raws tu qauv uas ua hauj lwm ua ke kom validate muas, khaws cov ntaub ntawv, thiab tswj lub siab ncaj ncees ntawm lub network.
Nkag siab txog cov qauv ntawm lub network blockchain yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov lag luam thiab cov tib neeg uas tab tom nrhiav kom siv lub zog ntawm blockchain technology. Txawm hais tias koj tab tom tsim lub blockchain tshiab lossis tsuas yog xav nqis peev hauv cryptocurrencies, muaj kev nkag siab zoo ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm blockchain network qauv yuav ua rau koj mus rau txoj kev vam meej.
Tau qhov twg los: https://www.cryptopolitan.com/blockchain-network-structure-nodes-and-forks/