Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov kws paub txog kev ruaj ntseg Trail ntawm Bits xaus lus tias qhov kev xav ntawm blockchain decentralization yog ib qho fallacy. Tshwj xeeb, tsab ntawv ceeb toom tau thov tswj hwm plaub lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau Bitcoin saw, nrog Ethereum faring zuj zus ntawm peb qhov chaw.
"Tus naj npawb ntawm cov koom haum suffi uakev cuam tshuam rau blockchain yog qhov tsawg: plaub rau Bitcoin, ob qho tib si rau Ethereum, thiab tsawg dua ib lub kaum os rau feem ntau PoS tes hauj lwm. "
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Pentagon txoj kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho, Lub Chaw Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Kev Tshawb Fawb (DARPA), uas yog ua haujlwm nrog kev tshawb fawb thev naus laus zis rau kev siv tub rog.
Raws li hauv lub website Tech koom pheej, uas yog tsom rau cov kws tshaj lij IT, daim ntawv tshaj tawm ntxiv kev tsis ntseeg ntxiv txog kev siv tshuab blockchain nyob rau lub sijhawm thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo kev nyab xeeb thiab tus nqi crypto tsis ruaj khov yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm txhua tus neeg lub siab.
"DARPA daim ntawv tshaj tawm tsuas yog ntxiv kev txhawj xeeb ntxiv txog blockchain thiab cuam tshuam rau cov tub ua lag luam kev nkag siab thiab kev ntseeg siab."
Blockchains tsis hloov pauv
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm mus rau qhov tob, suav nrog kev hloov pauv tsis tau, Nakamoto coefficient, uas yog hais txog tus naj npawb ntawm cov koom haum xav tau los tawm tsam lub network zoo, mining pool vulnerabilities, 51% kev tawm tsam, network topology, thiab network thiab software centrality.
Qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws tau hais tias kev hloov pauv tsis tuaj yeem raug tawg, thiab kev faib khoom siv thev naus laus zis (DLT) tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab ntawm kev tso cai, kev pom zoo, kev txhawb siab, topological, network, thiab software txhais tau tias.
Kev nthuav dav ntxiv, tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais txog Virtual Machine (VM,) uas tau siv los suav nrog cov yam ntxwv tshiab thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, yog lub qhov rooj muaj peev xwm los rhuav tshem kev hloov pauv.
"Bitcoin thiab nws cov derivatives muaj VM rau kev txhais cov ntawv tso tawm cov ntawv sau. Ethereum siv VM rau kev ua nws cov ntawv cog lus ntse."
Los ntawm VMs, software sau ntawv thiab cov neeg saib xyuas tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm "hloov cov ntsiab lus ntawm blockchain," uas tuaj yeem suav nrog thim rov qab blockchain mus rau lub xeev dhau los. Trail of Bits muab piv txwv ntawm Ethereum devs ua qhov no los teb rau qhov 2016 DAO nres.
"Txhua lub blockchain muaj cov txheej txheem tsim nyog ntawm cov koom haum uas tuaj yeem hloov kho cov ntsiab lus ntawm blockchain kom muaj peev xwm hloov pauv kev hloov pauv yav dhau los. "
Yog li ntawd, tsis muaj cov ntaub ntawv blockchain lossis cov lej tuaj yeem suav tias "semantically hloov tsis tau."
Bitcoin yog centralized
Txawm hais tias blockchains raug muag ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm kev ua haujlwm ruaj ntseg yam tsis muaj kev tswj hwm hauv nruab nrab, cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias DLT tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab ntawm ntau txoj kev.
Bitcoin muaj Nakamoto coefficient ntawm plaub, lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tswj ntawm plaub lub pas dej mining yuav txaus los tawm tsam lub network. Qhov ze dua qhov coefficient yog mus rau ib qho, qhov ntau centralized nws yog.
"Bitcoin's Nakamoto coeffi uacient yog plaub, vim kev tswj hwm ntawm plaub lub pas dej loj tshaj plaws yuav muab ib qho hashrate suffi uacient kom tua 51% tawm tsam. Lub Ib Hlis Ntuj xyoo 2021, cov Nakamotoffi uacient rau Ethereum yog tsuas yog ob.12 Raws li lub Plaub Hlis 2022, nws yog peb. "
Thaum tus nqi ntawm kev tswj plaub Bitcoin mining pas dej ua ke yog uneconomically kim kim, Trail of Bits cov kws tshawb fawb cam hais tias "perverse incentives" tseem muaj nyob, xws li los ntawm kev sib tw chains los yog unfriendly lub teb chaws-lub xeev uas muaj peev xwm los rub tawm xws li kev tawm tsam.
Lwm qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb suav nrog tias dhau ib feem tsib ntawm Bitcoin nodes tab tom khiav cov neeg siv khoom qub, uas tau paub qhov tsis zoo. Thiab 60% ntawm tag nrho cov tsheb khiav BTC hla dhau peb lub Chaw Pabcuam Hauv Internet.
Tau qhov twg los: https://cryptoslate.com/pentagon-commissioned-report-claims-just-4-entities-can-disrupt-bitcoin/