Cov kev siv tau siv tau yooj yim yuav tuaj sai sai no Bitcoin. Tus kws tshawb fawb John Light hais tias rollups tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm Bitcoin blockchain hauv txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb. Nws suav nrog kev ua lag luam sai dua, ntiag tug ntau dua, thiab nce ntxiv los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm 100.
"Kev siv tau ntawm kev sib tw tuaj yeem ua kom tau mus txog 100x ntau dua qhov kev sib tw tshaj li txheej ib (L1) uas tsis muaj qhov txwv qhov loj me uas yuav tsum tau nce thiab tsis muaj kev nce ntxiv (tej zaum txawm tias txo qis!) tag nrho ntawm cov nqi txheeb xyuas, "Light tweeted.
Nws tsim tau ntev daim ntawv qhia ntawm qhov teeb meem uas yog ib feem ntawm Human Rights Foundation's ZK-Rollup Research Fellowship. Lub teeb tau txais cov tswv yim los ntawm cryptocurrency luminaries xws li Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin, Alex Gladstein, Eric Wall, thiab lwm tus.
"Peb txiav txim siab tias qhov kev siv tau zoo tshaj plaws muaj peev xwm los txhim kho qhov scalability, kev ceev ntiag tug, thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm Bitcoin yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam Bitcoin cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb lossis kev ua haujlwm zoo li cov phooj ywg-rau-peer cov nyiaj ntsuab hauv hluav taws xob," tsab ntawv ceeb toom nyeem.
"Rau qhov 'tsis ntseeg' qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev siv tau zoo li cryptographically-kev ruaj ntseg txuas ntxiv ntawm lawv cov niam txiv saw, thiab muab Bitcoin txoj cai raws li txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb tshaj plaws, ib tus tuaj yeem hais tias cov txheej txheem no yog qhov sib tw zoo rau ib leeg," nws hais ntxiv.
Bitcoin validity rollups: lawv yog dab tsi?
Zero-paub (zk) cov pov thawj yog cov txheej txheem siv los ntawm blockchain tes hauj lwm lossis tuam txhab lag luam los ua pov thawj qhov siv tau ntawm qee yam xws li kev lag luam. Lawv tsis qhia lwm yam ntaub ntawv hais txog tib qho kev sib pauv ntawd tshwj tsis yog tias nws siv tau.
Cov kev pabcuam sib xyaw siv cov thev naus laus zis no los ua kom tsis pom kev ua lag luam crypto txhawm rau ua kom lawv taug qab nyuaj dua. ZK pov thawj thawj zaug tshwm sim hauv a 1985 ntawv los ntawm Goldwasser et al. lub npe: "Cov Kev Paub Tsis Zoo Ntawm Kev Sib Tham Txog Kev Pov Hwm Txheej Txheem."
Hauv nws daim ntawv dawb, tus tsim Bitcoin Satoshi Nakamoto mused txog yuav ua li cas zk-pov thawj yuav "siv los txhim kho raws li cov txheej txheem nyiaj txiag hluav taws xob nws tau tsim."
Cryptographer Greg Maxwell tom qab khaws lub tswv yim.
Maxwell cov ntawv, "zero knowledge contingent payments," nyob rau hauv 2011, tau los ua lub hauv paus rau yav tom ntej zk-proofs kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv blockchains. Thawj cov cuab tam crypto siv thev naus laus zis yog Firo (Zerocoin) hauv xyoo 2016, Lub Teeb hais. Tsis ntev nws tau ua raws li Zcash, feem ntau yog cov cuab yeej ntiag tug.
Raws li "rollups," xoom-paub pov thawj yog tsim los ua txheej-ob (L2) kev daws teeb meem nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm cov txheej txheem uas twb muaj lawm, hais Ethereum lossis Bitcoin, txhawm rau txhim kho scalability, efficiency, ceev ntiag tug, thiab kev ruaj ntseg. Piv txwv li, Optimism thiab kev txiav txim ntawm Ethereum thiab Bitcoin's Xob Laim Network.
Lub tswv yim yog tias rau blockchain tes hauj lwm kom loj hlob raws li siv tau lwm txoj kev them nyiaj systems, lawv yuav tsum muaj peev xwm tuav ib tug loj ntim ntawm muas, ntaub ntawv, thiab cov neeg siv. Qhov no feem ntau hu ua scalability.
Lub teeb ntseeg tias nws yog "tus nom tsis raug" los txhais cov txheej txheem siv zk-pov thawj li "zk-rollups."
Tias yog vim tsis yog txhua tus zk-rollups siv xoom-paub pov thawj, "Tab sis lawv txhua tus siv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj! Yog li, lo lus raug ntau dua yog 'cov ntaub ntawv siv tau,'' nws hais.
Scaling lub Bitcoin network ntawm rollups
muaj ib daim ntawv teev cov teeb meem ntev uas tau cuam tshuam kev loj hlob ntawm Bitcoin (BTC) ntau xyoo. Qhov no suav nrog qhov ua tsis tiav los nyiam cov tsim tawm uas tsim cov txheej txheem siv tau ntau dua thiab cov ntawv thov nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm blockchain.
Bitcoin kuj tau ntsib teeb meem tuav cov khoom lag luam nce ntxiv. Los ntawm kev sib piv, sib tw blockchains, zoo li Ethereum lossis Solana, tau nce mus sau qhov sib txawv.
John Light, tus kws tshawb fawb crypto, tau hais hauv nws daim ntawv tshaj tawm tias kev siv tau zoo tuaj yeem txhim kho Bitcoin kev lag luam los ntawm 100x.
Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nce tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev lag luam ua tiav hauv lub network mus rau ntau dua 700 ib ob. Tam sim no, Bitcoin ua qhov nruab nrab ntawm xya qhov kev hloov pauv ib ob, lossis TPS, ntawm tus nqi kwv yees li $ 0.68 ib qho kev sib pauv.
Nws piv nrog 20 TPS rau Ethereum ntawm tus nqi ntawm $ 0.52 thiab 3,000 rau Solana (SOL). Solana khav theeb qee tus nqi qis tshaj plaws hauv crypto, raug nqi nruab nrab ntawm $ 0.00025. Tab sis Ethereum muaj txheej-ob zoo li Arbitrum, uas raws li xovxwm, tau them $ 0.04 ib qho kev sib pauv.
Kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm
validity rollups yuav txhim kho cov ntawv cog lus ntse ua haujlwm ntawm Bitcoin. "Ib qho kev siv tau L2 tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov chaw ua haujlwm uas txhawb nqa cov lus cog lus hloov tau yooj yim dua lossis ntau dua kev ceev ntiag tug, tsis muaj lwm yam kev hloov pauv uas xav tau rau Bitcoin," said Light.
Raws li cov kws tshuaj ntsuam, Bitcoin lub pob tshab nyiam ua "cov txheej txheem kev ceev ntiag tug tsim onchain inherently tsis yooj yim sua thiab, yog li ntawd, tsis txaus rau kev ceev ntiag tug hauv lub sijhawm ntev."
Cov neeg tsim khoom tau nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txhim kho Bitcoin kev ceev ntiag tug rau ntau xyoo.
"Kev siv tau rollups ua rau nws muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li cov txheej txheem kev ceev ntiag tug tshiab ntawm bitcoin thaum tau txais tag nrho cov tswv cuab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm BTC muaj nyob rau txheej-ib," tsab ntawv ceeb toom hais. "Qhov no yuav muab Bitcoin cov neeg siv nrog lub xeev-ntawm-lub-kos duab ntiag tug yam tsis tso tseg kev saib xyuas tus kheej ntawm lawv BTC."
Nws hais tias, piv txwv li, Zcash-theem tsis pub lwm tus paub raws tu qauv uas leverage xoom-paub kev paub, kawg-rau-kawg encrypted kev sib pauv tswv yim tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm Bitcoin. Hom kev siv thev naus laus zis no, tseem hu ua "kev tiv thaiv kev lag luam," ua rau kev lag luam tsis raug.
Aztec Network twb tau khiav ib txheej txheej ntiag tug zoo sib xws ntawm Ethereum, pab cov neeg siv txiav cov nqi. "Cov neeg siv bitcoin zoo ib yam tuaj yeem tau txais ob qho tib si muaj zog ceev ntiag tug thiab txuag nqi rau kev lag luam ntiag tug los ntawm kev txav mus rau zk-zk-rollup es tsis ua lag luam ntawm Bitcoin," hais tias tsab ntawv ceeb toom.
validity rollups: 'Zoo haum rau Bitcoin'
John Light tau piav qhia tias qhov kev sib sau ua ke nws tau hais tias "muaj kev sib koom ua ke nrog cov xob laim Network,"Cov txheej txheem them nyiaj ntawm Bitcoin. Lawv "pab kom ntau channel qhib / kaw / rov ua lag luam uas xav tau qhov chaw thaiv."
"Lub peev xwm ntxiv kev lag luam uas tau ua los ntawm kev siv tau zoo tuaj yeem siv los txhawb kev lag luam xob laim ntxiv, ua rau muaj peev xwm ntawm cov neeg siv uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv nkoj thiab siv xob laim hauv kev saib xyuas tus kheej," nws hais ntxiv.
Lub teeb tso rau pem hauv ntej cov txiaj ntsig uas nws ntseeg tias tuaj yeem ntxiv tus nqi rau Bitcoin network, zoo li rollup layering. Qhov no tuaj yeem suav nrog ib qho tshwj xeeb hauv kev muab cov ntaub ntawv muaj thiab lwm qhov tshwj xeeb hauv kev them nyiaj ruaj ntseg thiab cov ntawv cog lus.
"Los ntawm kev ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, muaj tswv yim, thiab kev siv ntiag tug ntawm bitcoin, validity rollups tuaj yeem tsim cov peev txheej tshiab ntawm kev thov rau Bitcoin block chaw. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov nyiaj tau los ntau ntxiv rau cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv Bitcoin, yog li ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Bitcoin, "nws hais.
"Vim tias qhov kev siv tau zoo yog 'tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab' los ntawm kev tsim, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis tau qhia txog kev pheej hmoo tshiab lossis kev txi ib qho ntawm bitcoin cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb lossis cov yam ntxwv, Kuv ntseeg tias kev siv tau zoo tuaj yeem haum rau Bitcoin."
Regulatory crosshairs
Ib qho kev ceev ntiag tug ntau dua Bitcoin network zoo li yuav khiav tawm ntawm txoj cai tiv thaiv nyiaj txiag (AML) raws li tam sim no xav tau los ntawm cov tswj hwm thoob ntiaj teb.
Regulators tau ntev tsom rau sab saum toj cryptocurrency. Cov tswj hwm no feem ntau xav txog Bitcoin ua ib qho cuab yeej rau cov neeg ua phem.
Tsoomfwv Meskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Txhaum Cai Nyiaj Txiag Hauv Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Phem Txhaum Cai ntawm tsoomfwv saib xyuas kev lag luam nyiaj txiag thiab txwv tsis pub nyiaj laundering thiab nyiaj txiag ua phem. Ua ntej, thaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2020, lub koom haum tau tshaj tawm cov phiaj xwm tshwj xeeb los tom qab cov cuab tam crypto.
Nws tau tshaj tawm cov cai tshiab uas yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam txog nyiaj txiag xws li kev sib pauv crypto los tshaj tawm thiab txheeb xyuas tus kheej ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam ntawm cov hnab nyiaj tsis muaj tswv cuab. Cov neeg tswj hwm hauv Tebchaws Europe kuj tseem nruj txoj cai nyob ib puag ncig AML, tshwj xeeb yog tsom rau kev lag luam crypto.
John Light pom zoo tias kev ceev ntiag tug ntau dua tuaj yeem ua teeb meem.
"Txawm hais tias qhov muaj nyob ntawm Bitcoin nws tus kheej yog qhov ua rau muaj kev tawm tsam rau cov thawj coj ... validity rollups yuav ntxiv tag nrho cov tshiab provocative qhov ntev rau Bitcoin," nws lees. Muaj lwm qhov pitfalls rau validity rollups ntawm Bitcoin.
Lawv tuaj yeem nce qhov chaw thaiv los ntawm 4MB tam sim no kom tso cai rau kev hloov pauv ntau dua. Lawv kuj tseem yuav ua rau "kev ua tsov rog rov ua tsov rog" ntawm kev sib tw blockchains, txhawb cov neeg ua haujlwm miner. Rollups yuam cov nqi tshiab ntawm L1 tag nrho cov nodes los txheeb xyuas qhov siv tau ntawm kev hloov pauv.
Disclaimer
Txhua yam ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv peb lub vev xaib raug tshaj tawm hauv kev ntseeg zoo thiab rau cov ncauj lus dav dav xwb. Txhua yam kev ua txhaum ntawm tus nyeem ntawv yuav siv raws li cov xov xwm pom ntawm peb lub vev xaib yog nruj ntawm lawv tus kheej txoj kev pheej hmoo.
Tau qhov twg los: https://beincrypto.com/bitcoin-scalability-validity-rollups-transactions-100x-faster-claims-researcher/